Abstract: This invention relates to a driving device for a vibration type actuator. In this device, since the characteristics of the actuator change depending on temperature and the like, control characteristics must be optimized. This invention is designed to determine a control gain based on the ratio of the change amount of the frequency of a driving signal that causes the speed change to the change amount of the speed when the driving speed changes a predetermined amount upon driving of the actuator, thereby performing appropriate control.

Abstract: A driving apparatus is provided with an evaluating device for evaluating a wear state in a friction surface between a vibration member and a movable member in a vibration type actuator apparatus. The evaluating device accurately and automatically evaluating the wear state of the friction surface by detecting a fluctuation amount of a driving speed under driving conditions of the vibration type actuator apparatus selected so as to achieve a fixed speed.

Abstract: A pulse forming circuit for a vibration type actuator apparatus. This circuit forms pulses by shifting an output from a frequency dividing circuit while changing the shift amount of a time delaying circuit using a ring oscillator for shifting an output from the frequency dividing circuit every time an output is generated by a frequency dividing circuit. With this arrangement, the actuator can be driven by using high-resolution pulse signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control device for vibration type actuator and, particularly, to an arrangement for forming a driving signal by using a pulse signal. In the invention, a periodic pulse is formed by integral multiplying of a period of a reference pulse, analog signals of first and second values are formed at each period of the periodic pulse, an analog signal of third value between the first and second values is formed in a short time, the analog signals are input to a low-pass filter so as to convert the signals to pulse signals by comparing the outputs of the low-pass filter with reference valves, and thereby the formed driving signal includes frequencies at higher resolution than that of the reference pulse so that the control device provides a drive with higher precision.

Abstract: A vibration type motor of a floating drive scheme is provided in which the voltage applied to a driving piezoelectric element and the voltage generated by a detection piezoelectric element are stepped down by impedance elements and input to a processing circuit, thereby allowing the use of a TTL logic circuit as the processing circuit.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vibration type actuator includes a first integral means for integrating a difference between a detected driving speed state of the actuator and a target speed state of the actuator, and a second integral means for integrating the integral value of the first integral means, where a drive operation of the actuator is controlled with a periodic signal varied in accordance with the sum of the integral values of the first and second integral means, thereby accurately controlling the target speed and position of a moving member driven by the actuator.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for simultaneously driving a plurality of vibration type motors. The frequency of a cyclic signal at which the motors exhibit the same speed is detected from the driving characteristics obtained upon application of the cyclic signal to each motor. When the motors are simultaneously driven, a cyclic signal having the detected frequency for each motor is applied to each motor to make the speeds of the motors equal to each other.

Abstract: This invention relates to a driving apparatus for a vibration type actuator device which obtains a driving force by applying a frequency signal to an electro-mechanical energy conversion element.This invention provides, as the driving apparatus, a vibration type actuator device which changes the frequency of the frequency signal until the driving speed reaches a speed higher than a target speed upon driving control to the target speed, and thereafter, switches the control to the target speed to amplitude control of the frequency signal, so that the driving speed can be quickly changed to the target speed, and the subsequent target speed control can be appropriately performed.

Abstract: The driving control of a vibration type motor for driving, for example e.g., the drum of a copying apparatus is controlled wherein, in a printing operation, the driving control of the motor is effected by amplitude control, and in the initial operation after the closing of a power source switch (i.e., during the start-up), the driving control of the motor is effected by frequency control, whereby appropriate driving control is effected in accordance with the type of work performed by the apparatus.

Abstract: A chloroprene rubber latex for an adhesive containing a chloroprene rubber polymer which forms a copolymer with a chloroprene monomer and carboxyl-group containing vinyl monomer and which, when dissolved in chloroform to a concentration of 10% by weight, provides a solution free from organic solvent insolubles and having a solution viscosity of 100 mpa.multidot.s to 6000 mpa.multidot.s, a process for production thereof, and an adhesive composition using the same.

Abstract: A position control device for driving a movable member by a motor to a target position prevents a re-start of the motor by the vibration after stopping of the movable member. A re-start operation is forcedly inhibited during a predetermined period after a stopping operation of the movable member at the target position, and is permitted, only after the predetermined period, is entered by the position of the movable member is different from the target position.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for processing water wash photopolymer solution includes a washout unit for washing a flexographic printing plate with water, a holding tank for holding an effluent from the washout unit, and a mixing cone for mixing an amount of the effluent supplied from the holding tank with a coagulant so as to coagulate a solid content of the effluent with the coagulant.

Abstract: A chloroprene rubber having a shade of white only slightly tinged with pale yellow and exhibiting good tackiness is prepared by an aqueous radical emulsion polymerization of chloroprene or a mixture comprised of chloroprene and a copolymerizable monomer, wherein the polymerization is effected by using an alkali metal salt of a disproportioned rosin acid as an emulsifier, and a water-soluble polymeric substance as a dispersion stabilizer which has a sulfonic acid group and/or sulfate ester groups, which group has been introduced by an addition polymerization procedure or by a procedure of a polymeric reaction following an addition polymerization.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition is provided for flexographic printing plates which has excellent water developability and storage stability. The resin composition comprises (a) 10 to 99 parts by weight of a resin particle having an average particle size of 0.01 to 5 .mu.m, which has a core/shell structure, at least the shell portion of which has a three-dimensionally crosslinked structure, (b) 1 to 90 parts by weight of a compound having a photopolymerizable group, and (c) 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator, based on the total (100 parts by weight) of the components (a), (b) and (c). The core portion of the resin particle (a) has a Tg of 0.degree. C. or lower, and the shell portion has a Tg of 30.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed is a holder for sealing member, in which at least a portion of the holder which comes into contact with the member comprises a sintered body comprising as a main component a non-oxide ceramic of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, sialon or silicon carbide.By the use of the holder according to this invention, in the hermetic sealing process which is carried out continuously and automatically, an exchange frequency of the holder can be decreased remarkably, and thus a working efficiency on a manufacturing line can be increased. In consequence, the holder according to this invention is industrially very useful, and in particular, it is suitable for the hermetic sealing of the panel pins for cathode ray tubes.

Abstract: In an X-ray tube comprising a cathode electrode including a filament for emitting electrons and a focusing electrode having a focusing groove adapted to contain the filament, and an anode electrode opposing the cathode electrode and maintained at a high potential which is positive relative to the filament, an electron emitting region of the filament facing the anode electrode is formed as a substantially flat surface, and the filament, the focusing electrode and the anode electrode are arranged such that a portion of the anode electrode upon which electron collide will be positioned in a focal plane of a cathode lens formed by the filament, the focusing electrode and the anode electrode.

Abstract: A biaxially drawn thermoplastic polyester film is prepared by concurrent-biaxially drawing a thermoplastic polyester film by a tenter method at a drawing temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic polyester while maintaining the preheating temperature of the film just prior to drawing at a level greater than the drawing temperature and maintaining the subsequent heat-treating temperature immediately after drawing lower than the preheating temperature and carrying out a reheat-treating process in a plurality of steps while elevating the temperature in each step over a substantially equal temperature range.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire pressure responsive switch wherein the pressure responsive switch is mounted to the tire rim by a snap ring means in a peripheral groove formed around a casing of the pressure responsive switch. The switch actuator is secured to a diaphragm having one side exposed to the inside of a pneumatic tire.

Abstract: A casing is disposed in an air pressure chamber of a pneumatic tubeless tire and carries therein a switch cooperating with an alarm to produce an alarm signal upon a fall in the air pressure in the tire below a predetermined value. The switch is controlled by a leaf spring which is deformable by the movements, in one direction, of a flexible diaphragm deformable in response to variations in the air pressure in the tire. The leaf spring is returnable by its resilient force upon the movements, in another direction, of the diaphragm. The casing is fixedly mounted on a wheel rim through a projection extending outwardly of the tire from the casing through the rim.