Abstract: A drill includes a blade tip part that is formed of diamond and a trunk part that is formed of diamond and is continuous with the blade tip part, the drill rotating about a drill axis, the blade tip part includes N cutting edges where N is an integer of no less than 4, and a proportion of S1 to S2 is no less than 30% and no more than 60%, where S1 is an area of the drill in a cross-section with the drill axis as a normal line, the cross-section including a boundary between the blade tip part and the trunk part, r is a maximum value of a distance from the drill axis to an outer edge of the drill in the cross-section and S2 is an area of a circle with r as a radius.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an exosome, comprising a step of applying a cell to a cell culture module to culture the cell and a step of producing an exosome by the cell, wherein the cell culture module is provided with a polymer porous film and a casing having at least two culture medium in-flow/out-flow ports and having the polymer porous film placed therein.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cell culturing method using a small-piece polymer porous membrane. The present invention provides a cell culturing method which does not require stirring and comprises applying cells to a small-piece polymer porous membrane having an area of a surface layer A or B of at most 4 mm2, and culturing the cells. The small-piece polymer porous membrane has a characteristic three-dimensional structure, and a medium can be more easily supplied and recovered by utilizing the property that small-piece polymer porous membranes are dispersed in a cell culture solution and/or small-piece polymer porous membranes are accumulated in multiple layers, and thus the small-piece polymer porous membranes are dispersed and/or laminated on a bottom part of a cell culture vessel. Consequently, long-term culture and mass culture are achieved, and thus the stable long-term production of exosomes is possible.

Abstract: A cubic boron nitride sintered material includes: more than or equal to 85 volume % and less than 100 volume % of cubic boron nitride grains; and a remainder of a binder, wherein the binder includes WC, Co and an Al compound, and when a TEM-EDX is used to analyze an interface region including an interface at which the cubic boron nitride grains are adjacent to each other, oxygen exists on a whole or part of the interface, and a width D of a region in which the oxygen exists is more than or equal to 0.1 nm and less than or equal to 10 nm.

Abstract: According to a endoscope, an engaging part delivered from a delivery port advances while being guided to an opening of a housing part by an engagement guide path. Then, as the engaging part comes into contact with a deformation generating part, the engaging part is moved in a direction from a bottom surface of the housing part toward the opening, and thereby, the wire is elastically deformed. Then, in a case where the engaging part that advances within the engagement guide path has passed by the deformation generating part, the engaging part is housed in the housing part from the opening by a restoring force of the wire.

Abstract: The end portion of a first member includes a plate part and a groove. The end portion of a second member includes an edge and two side surfaces. The groove extends around the edge of the second member and the two side surfaces. The groove includes a side surface including an engaging portion. One of the side surfaces of the end portion of the second member includes an engaged portion. A method for manufacturing a swaged structure includes preparing the first member including the plate part and the groove having a wide opening. The method further includes inserting the end portion of the second member into the groove after preparing the first member. The method further includes pressing the plate part in a direction narrowing the opening of the groove to bring the engaging portion into contact with the engaged portion after inserting the second member.

Abstract: Provided is a method of molding an elevator and an endoscope, the method making it possible to mold an elevator integrally with an operation wire with a simple operation. A method of molding an elevator (36) is a method of molding an elevator (32) integrally with an operation wire (40), the elevator (32) being to be disposed in a distal-end-portion body (32) of an endoscope (10).

Abstract: Provided is an endoscope including a cap that can suppress deformation due to a load and that is easily removable. The endoscope incudes a distal-end-portion body and a cap that is removably attached to the distal-end-portion body and that has an open window. The cap includes a cantilever piece that is formed on a wall portion on at least one of sides facing each other with the open window therebetween and that elastically bends, the cantilever piece having a fixed end and a free end and the cantilever piece including a stopper-target portion that is provided at the free end. The distal-end-portion body includes a stopper portion on a side facing the cantilever piece, the stopper portion engaging with the stopper-target portion. The stopper-target portion is removable from the stopper portion.

Abstract: A joint structure includes a connection member provided between a reinforced member and a reinforcing member and connecting both of them to each other. The connection member includes a first coupling portion and a second coupling portion that are coupled to one and another of the reinforced member and the reinforcing member, respectively. The first coupling portion is coupled to a joint portion of one of the reinforced member and the reinforcing member by an adhesive or welding. The first coupling portion and the joint portion are shaped so as to be caught by each other in a joining direction in which the reinforced member and the reinforcing member are joined to each other.

Abstract: Provided are an endoscope and a mounting component which are capable of safely detaching a distal end cap from a distal-end-portion body.

Abstract: Provided is a distal-end-cap detachment jig capable of safely detaching a distal end cap from a distal-end-portion body. A distal-end-cap detachment jig that is used to detach a distal end cap mounted on a distal end of a side-viewing scope and having an inner space which communicates with a cap opening allowing a passage of a treatment tool, includes at least a body portion that has an inclined surface, in which the inclined surface is tapered in a direction of insertion into the inner space of the distal end cap, and in a case where the body portion is inserted into the inner space of the distal end cap, the inclined surface deforms the distal end cap in a direction of expanding the inner space of the distal end cap.

Abstract: A method of producing a cubic boron nitride sintered material includes: forming an organic cubic boron nitride powder by attaching an organic substance onto a cubic boron nitride source material powder; preparing a powder mixture including more than or equal to 85 volume % and less than 100 volume % of the organic cubic boron nitride powder and a remainder of a binder source material powder by mixing the organic cubic boron nitride powder and the binder source material powder, the binder source material powder including WC, Co and Al; and obtaining the cubic boron nitride sintered material by sintering the powder mixture.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) molding system in which FRP material, having stacked prepregs, is molded to manufacture an arc-shaped FRP component. The FRP molding system comprises inner and outer jig plates, a partial pressing device, and transfer devices. The jig plates are arc-shaped members having outer and inner surfaces that respectively fit with inner and outer surface shapes of the FRP component. The FRP material is sandwiched between the jig plates to form an integrated jig plate. The partial pressing device intermittently compresses a portion of the integrated jig plate in a radial direction orthogonal to an arc of the FRP component so that the FRP component is partially molded. The transfer devices intermittently move the compressed portion of the integrated jig plate by the partial pressing device. By repeating the partial pressing and the transport, the entire integrated jig plate is compressed to form the FRP component.

Abstract: An FRP continuous molding apparatus continuously molds an FRP from a layered sheet that includes prepreg sheets layered over each other. The prepreg sheets each include thermoplastic resin and reinforcement fibers, and differ from each other in fiber orientation. The FRP continuous molding apparatus includes: sheet feeding devices continuously feeding the layered sheets in a feeding direction; a layering device layering, over each other, the layered sheets fed from the sheet feeding devices, and thereby forming a sheet layered body; and a shaping mechanism molding the sheet layered body into an FRP while the sheet layered body is being transferred in the feeding direction. The FRP has a cross section that is a target shape. The sheet layered body includes the reinforcement fibers whose fiber orientation is the feeding direction.

Abstract: Provided is a cubic boron nitride sintered body including more than or equal to 85 volume percent and less than 100 volume percent of cubic boron nitride particles, and a remainder of a binder, wherein the binder contains WC, Co, and an Al compound, the binder contains W2Co21B6, and, when IA represents an X-ray diffraction intensity of a (111) plane of the cubic boron nitride particles, IB represents an X-ray diffraction intensity of a (100) plane of the WC, and IC represents an X-ray diffraction intensity of a (420) plane of the W2Co21B6, a ratio IC/IA of the IC to the IA is more than 0 and less than 0.10, and a ratio IC/IB of the IC to the IB is more than 0 and less than 0.40.

Abstract: Provided is an endoscope capable of improving operability of the endoscope. An endoscope (10) includes: an observation optical system (76) that is disposed on a wall portion (68) of a distal end portion main body (32) adjacent to an elevator housing portion (66) and that observes a visual field region in a first direction in which the elevator housing portion (66) is open; an outflow port (45) that is provided in the distal end portion main body (32) and through which liquid flows out; and a cap (34) that is attachably and detachably attached to the distal end portion main body (32) and that has a liquid guiding surface that guides the liquid flowing out from the outflow port (45) in a direction toward the visual field region in a state where the cap (34) is attached to the distal end portion main body (32).

Abstract: A method of producing a cubic boron nitride sintered material includes: forming an organic cubic boron nitride powder by attaching an organic substance onto a cubic boron nitride source material powder; preparing a powder mixture including more than or equal to 85 volume % and less than 100 volume % of the organic cubic boron nitride powder and a remainder of a binder source material powder by mixing the organic cubic boron nitride powder and the binder source material powder, the binder source material powder including WC, Co and Al; and obtaining the cubic boron nitride sintered material by sintering the powder mixture.

Abstract: A cubic boron nitride sintered material includes: more than or equal to 85 volume % and less than 100 volume % of cubic boron nitride grains; and a remainder of a binder, wherein the binder includes WC, Co and an Al compound, and when a TEM-EDX is used to analyze an interface region including an interface at which the cubic boron nitride grains are adjacent to each other, oxygen exists on a whole or part of the interface, and a width D of a region in which the oxygen exists is more than or equal to 0.1 nm and less than or equal to 10 nm.