Abstract: In a first cross section along an electron ray that passes between an inner curved surface and an outer curved surface of a beam bender, the curvature of the surfaces are fixed, and the center of the curvature of the surfaces are set so as to match each other. In a second cross section perpendicular to the electron ray, the curvature of the surfaces are fixed, and the center of curvature of the surfaces are set so as to match each other. The radius of the curvature of the surface in the second cross section is set to be larger than that of the surface in the first cross section. The radius of curvature of the surface in the second cross section is set to be larger than that of the surface in the first cross section.

Abstract: A compound is represented by the following formula (I): wherein each of Ar1 and Ar2 independently represents an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; each of Z1 and Z2 independently represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; each of ring Q1 containing a carbon atom and Z1, and ring Q2 containing a carbon atom and Z2 independently represents an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; and A1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.

Abstract: A product production management system includes a display that displays a progress list screen of progresses in a plurality of product production lines in a factory. When a first system user selects one of the product production lines for which occurrence of an abnormality or delay has occurred, the display transits the progress list screen to a first screen displaying a predetermined one of a plurality of options in order to guide the first system user to more preferentially designate the predetermined option in comparison with other options. The options are necessary to check situations of the selected production line. When a second system user selects one of the product production lines for which occurrence of an abnormality or delay has occurred, the display transits the progress list screen to a second screen displaying a plurality of options that are necessary to check situations of the selected product production line.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer containing a charge transporting material and a polyester resin having a specific structure.

Abstract: An inspection device for inspecting a surface of an inspection object using a beam includes a beam generator capable of generating one of either charge particles or an electromagnetic wave as a beam, a primary optical system capable of guiding and irradiating the beam to the inspection object supported within a working chamber, a secondary optical system capable of including a first movable numerical aperture and a first detector which detects secondary charge particles generated from the inspection object, the secondary charge particles passing through the first movable numerical aperture, an image processing system capable of forming an image based on the secondary charge particles detected by the first detector; and a second detector arranged between the first movable numerical aperture and the first detector and which detects a location and shape at a cross over location of the secondary charge particles generated from the inspection object.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can suppress a ghost image while keeping its sensitivity satisfactory. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, an intermediate layer on the support, and a photosensitive layer on the intermediate layer, and the intermediate layer contains a compound having a specific structure.

Abstract: A screening method evaluates influence of a cytotoxic factor on lymphoid cells. The method includes administering or irradiating lymphoid cells with the cytotoxic factor that injures the lymphoid cells; incubating the lymphoid cells to which the cytotoxic factor is administered or irradiated for a selected time; measuring a cell size of the lymphoid cells after the incubation; and determining influence of the cytotoxic factor on the lymphoid cells based on a change of the cell size. According to this method, influence of radiation or a drug, or efficacy of radiation, a radiation-protecting agent, an antioxidant, a radiation-sensitizing agent, a drug, or ultraviolet rays can be evaluated economically and objectively in a short period of time.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member capable of suppressing a ghost image. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes, in this order: a support; an intermediate layer containing metal oxide particles; and a photosensitive layer, in which the intermediate layer contains at least one kind of compound X selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (1) and a compound represented by the formula (2).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer containing a charge transporting material and a polyester resin having a specific structure.

Abstract: An electron beam inspection device includes: a primary electron optical system that irradiates the surface of a sample with an electron beam; and a secondary electron optical system that gathers secondary electrons emitted from the sample and forms an image on the sensor surface of a detector. An electron image of the surface of the sample is obtained from a signal detected by the detector, and the sample is inspected. A cylindrical member that is formed with conductors stacked as an inner layer and an outer layer, and an insulator stacked as an intermediate layer is provided inside a lens tube into which the secondary electron optical system is incorporated. An electron orbital path is formed inside the cylindrical member, and the members constituting the secondary electron optical system are arranged outside the cylindrical member.

Abstract: The user (10) uses an information terminal (200) having a user authentication application program according to the present invention installed thereon and also uses a user authentication system according to the present invention via the user authentication application program, so that it is authenticated that the user who has registered, in advance, his/her biological information (700) in at least one of the information terminal (200) and an authentication server (300) is/was present at the authentication location during the authentication reception time.

Abstract: A technique capable of improving the ability to observe a specimen using an electron beam in an energy region which has not been conventionally given attention is provided. This specimen observation method comprises: irradiating the specimen with an electron beam; detecting electrons to be observed which have been generated and have obtained information on the specimen by the electron beam irradiation; and generating an image of the specimen from the detected electrons to be observed. The electron beam irradiation comprises irradiating the specimen with the electron beam with a landing energy set in a transition region between a secondary emission electron region in which secondary emission electrons are detected and a mirror electron region in which mirror electrons are detected, thereby causing the secondary emission electrons and the mirror electrons to be mixed as the electrons to be observed.

Abstract: An undercoat layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a binder resin and conductive particles. Each of the conductive particles has a core particle coated with tin oxide doped with aluminum.

Abstract: An electron beam inspection device includes: a primary electron optical system that irradiates the surface of a sample with an electron beam; and a secondary electron optical system that gathers secondary electrons emitted from the sample and forms an image on the sensor surface of a detector. An electron image of the surface of the sample is obtained from a signal detected by the detector, and the sample is inspected. A cylindrical member that is formed with conductors stacked as an inner layer and an outer layer, and an insulator stacked as an intermediate layer is provided inside a lens tube into which the secondary electron optical system is incorporated. An electron orbital path is formed inside the cylindrical member, and the members constituting the secondary electron optical system are arranged outside the cylindrical member.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member capable of suppressing a ghost image. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes, in this order: a support; an intermediate layer containing metal oxide particles; and a photosensitive layer, in which the intermediate layer contains at least one kind of compound X selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (1) and a compound represented by the formula (2).

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can suppress a ghost image while keeping its sensitivity satisfactory. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, an intermediate layer on the support, and a photosensitive layer on the intermediate layer, and the intermediate layer contains a compound having a specific structure.

Abstract: An undercoat layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a binder resin, and a complex particle composed of a core particle coated with tin oxide doped with zinc.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes an undercoat layer, the undercoat layer having a volume resistivity of from 1×1010 ?·cm to 1×1013 ?·cm, the undercoat layer contains (A) a zinc oxide particle and (B) at least one particle selected from titanium oxide particles coated with tin oxide doped with any one of zinc, aluminum, fluorine, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, and phosphorus and a titanium oxide particle coated with oxygen deficient tin oxide, and the content of the particle (B) in the undercoat layer is from 3% by mass to 20% by mass based on the content of the particle (A).

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member including an undercoat layer, the method including preparing a coating liquid for an undercoat layer containing: a titanium oxide particle; a polyol resin; a blocked isocyanate compound in which a structure represented by the formula (1) or the formula (2) is bonded to an isocyanate group; and a monohydric alcohol represented by the formula (3): where R11 and R12 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and * represents a bonding site capable of being bonded to the isocyanate group; where R21 and R22 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and * represents a bonding site capable of being bonded to the isocyanate group; and HO—R3??(3) where R3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.