Abstract: Provided is a position detecting apparatus, including: a scale including pattern arrays formed in different cycles in a movement direction; an obtaining unit configured to obtain signals in accordance with a the plurality of pattern arrays; a phase calculator configured to calculate a phase of signals; a synchronism calculator configured to calculate a relative positional relationship between the obtaining unit and the scale by performing synchronism calculation of the phases calculated by the phase calculator; a synchronization error calculator configured to calculate a synchronization error in the synchronism calculation; and a determining unit configured to determine whether or not the synchronism calculation is normal by comparing the synchronization error and a predetermined threshold value with each other.

Abstract: An operation apparatus includes: a detector capable of detecting a slide operation on a surface of the operation apparatus; a shape variator including a variable shape portion which is disposed in a partial region of the surface and whose surface shape is deformable; and a controller which controls the shape variator in such a way that the shape variable portion is formed into a first shape being the same as a surface shape of a region other than the partial region or a second shape different from the first shape. The controller controls the shape variator in such a way that the shape of the variable shape portion is formed into the first shape when the detector detects the slide operation.

Abstract: A position detector of a mover relative to a stator includes: an output unit outputting displacement signals including a first signal in a first period and a second signal in a period longer than the first period, while switching among the displacement signals, according to a change in the position of the mover; and a deriver that derives an absolute position as the position of the mover based on the displacement signals, and derives a relative position as a displacement amount with respect to a predetermined absolute position of the mover, wherein in deriving the absolute position, the signal output unit outputs the first signal, the second signals, and the first signal in this order, and the deriver derives the absolute position based on the displacement signals, in deriving the relative position, the position deriver derives the relative position based on the first signal and the second signals.

Abstract: A position detector, including: a scale including a pattern array formed cyclically in a movement direction, the scale being provided to a fixed member or a movable member; a detector including detection elements arranged in the movement direction, the detector being provided to the other; a generating unit that selectively generates, from signals received from the detection elements, a first signal obtained by a first combination of the signals or a second signal obtained by a second combination of the signals; an output unit that outputs the first or second signal received from the generating unit; and a switcher that switches over between the first and second signals as a signal to be generated, wherein the first signal changes within a first range, corresponding to a relative position; and the second signal does not change beyond a second range smaller than the first range, corresponding to the relative position.

Abstract: A position detector detecting a position of a movable member relative to a fixed member, including: a signal detector detecting periodic signals each indicating a predetermined value for the position of the movable member; a signal processor generating displacement signals based on the detected periodic signals and switching the generated displacement signals in a predetermined cycle to sequentially output the displacement signals; a position calculator calculating the position of the movable member based on a first signal group of the displacement signals; and a movement amount calculator calculating a movement amount of the movable member within the predetermined cycle by using a second signal group contained in the first signal group formed by obtaining the same displacement signal at different times. The position calculator calculates the position of the movable member based on the first signal group and the movement amount.

Abstract: Provided is a position detecting apparatus, including: a scale including pattern arrays formed in different cycles in a movement direction; an obtaining unit configured to obtain signals in accordance with a the plurality of pattern arrays; a phase calculator configured to calculate a phase of signals; a synchronism calculator configured to calculate a relative positional relationship between the obtaining unit and the scale by performing synchronism calculation of the phases calculated by the phase calculator; a synchronization error calculator configured to calculate a synchronization error in the synchronism calculation; and a determining unit configured to determine whether or not the synchronism calculation is normal by comparing the synchronization error and a predetermined threshold value with each other.

Abstract: A lens apparatus includes: a switch for switching between single and plural modes for using lens apparatus singularly and plurally, respectively; a communication unit to communicate with external device; a unit to set all elements to first state in single mode and set the respective elements to second or third state in plural mode; a control source output unit to output, for each state of the elements, control source information for determining a control command to drive the element; and a unit to determine a command for controlling drive of the elements based on the control source information determined by the control source output portion, wherein in the second state, control commands for corresponding elements are output to other lens apparatuses through the communication unit, and in the third state, the control source output portion outputs control source information different from that in the first and second states.

Abstract: A lens apparatus includes: a switch for switching between single and plural modes for using lens apparatus singularly and plurally, respectively; a communication unit to communicate with external device; a unit to set all elements to first state in single mode and set the respective elements to second or third state in plural mode; a control source output unit to output, for each state of the elements, control source information for determining a control command to drive the element; and a unit to determine a command for controlling drive of the elements based on the control source information determined by the control source output portion, wherein in the second state, control commands for corresponding elements are output to other lens apparatuses through the communication unit, and in the third state, the control source output portion outputs control source information different from that in the first and second states.

Abstract: A travel control device includes ultrasonic obstacle detection sensors detecting an obstacle entering a rear side of a vehicle and a distance to the obstacle, and an image obstacle detection unit detecting the obstacle entering the rear side of the vehicle by using an image of the rear side. If a distance to the obstacle detected by the sensors is equal to or less than an activation threshold for warning, the travel control device issues a warning, and sets the activation threshold larger as the vehicle speed of the vehicle becomes higher. If the vehicle is detected preparing to move rearward and the image obstacle detection unit detects the obstacle, the travel control device sets the activation threshold to a constant value regardless of the vehicle speed.

Abstract: A position detector detecting a position of a movable member relative to a fixed member, including: a signal detector detecting periodic signals each indicating a predetermined value for the position of the movable member; a signal processor generating displacement signals based on the detected periodic signals and switching the generated displacement signals in a predetermined cycle to sequentially output the displacement signals; a position calculator calculating the position of the movable member based on a first signal group of the displacement signals; and a movement amount calculator calculating a movement amount of the movable member within the predetermined cycle by using a second signal group contained in the first signal group formed by obtaining the same displacement signal at different times. The position calculator calculates the position of the movable member based on the first signal group and the movement amount.

Abstract: There is provided a method for processing green coffee beans capable of imparting new aromas and flavors to a coffee beverage using a simple operation, without incurring an increase in raw material costs. The method for processing green coffee beans includes a fermentation step of bringing nutritive substances included in coffee cherries and microorganisms into contact with one another and causing fermentation, and a collection step of separating and collecting green coffee beans from the coffee cherries that have undergone the fermentation step, wherein in the fermentation step, at least part of the pulp of the coffee cherries is exposed, and the microorganisms are caused to come into direct contact therewith.

Abstract: When a target yaw moment Ms is computed, an estimated lateral acceleration GH and estimated deceleration GT of a host vehicle are determined beforehand according to target yaw moment Ms, and when the estimated lateral acceleration GH is smaller than a threshold preset on the basis of the estimated deceleration GT the target yaw moment Ms is corrected to a smaller limit value Msm.

Abstract: There is provided a novel microorganism capable of fermentation without placing particular limitations on fermentation conditions, as well as a method of processing green coffee beans using the novel microorganism, the method adding new, high-quality flavor and aroma to a coffee beverage by a simple operation, without instigating a particular increase in raw material costs and without requiring a new processing step. The method for processing green coffee beans includes a fermentation step of bringing nutritive substances and microorganisms into contact with one another and causing fermentation in the presence of green coffee beans, wherein the microorganism used in the fermentation step is a microorganism belonging to the genus Geotrichum.

Abstract: A lens apparatus includes: a switch for switching between single and plural modes for using lens apparatus singularly and plurally, respectively; a communication unit to communicate with external device; a unit to set all elements to first state in single mode and set the respective elements to second or third state in plural mode; a control source output unit to output, for each state of the elements, control source information for determining a control command to drive the element; and a unit to determine a command for controlling drive of the elements based on the control source information determined by the control source output portion, wherein in the second state, control commands for corresponding elements are output to other lens apparatuses through the communication unit, and in the third state, the control source output portion outputs control source information different from that in the first and second states.

Abstract: There is provided a playback device including an adjustment portion that, based on a first data recording surface among a plurality of data recording surfaces of an optical recording medium, adjusts tilt with respect to the first data recording surface, an adjustment amount measurement portion that measures a first tilt adjustment amount from a result of the tilt adjustment, an acquisition portion that acquires a coma aberration of the playback device, and a calculation portion that, based on the first tilt adjustment amount and the coma aberration, calculates a second tilt adjustment amount to adjust tilt with respect to a second data recording surface that is different to the first data recording surface.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of controllers and methods of control to enable prevention of departure of vehicle even when the degree of the tendency of the vehicle to depart from the travel lane is low. One such controller comprises a lane departure tendency determining device configured to determine a departure tendency of the vehicle to depart from a travel lane, a yaw moment computing device configured to compute a reference yaw moment based on the departure tendency, a yaw moment correction device configured to compute a target yaw moment based on at least the reference yaw moment and a controller configured to apply the target yaw moment to the vehicle. When the reference yaw moment is lower than a prescribed threshold, the yaw moment correction device gradually increases the target yaw moment over time until the target yaw moment is greater than the prescribed threshold.

Abstract: When a target yaw moment Ms is computed, an estimated lateral acceleration GH and estimated deceleration GT of a host vehicle are determined beforehand according to target yaw moment Ms, and when the estimated lateral acceleration GH is smaller than a threshold preset on the basis of the estimated deceleration GT the target yaw moment Ms is corrected to a smaller limit value Msm.

Abstract: There is provided a novel microorganism capable of fermentation without placing particular limitations on fermentation conditions, as well as a method of processing green coffee beans using the novel microorganism, the method adding new, high-quality flavor and aroma to a coffee beverage by a simple operation, without instigating a particular increase in raw material costs and without requiring a new processing step. The method for processing green coffee beans includes a fermentation step of bringing nutritive substances and microorganisms into contact with one another and causing fermentation in the presence of green coffee beans, wherein the microorganism used in the fermentation step is a microorganism belonging to the genus Geotrichum.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of controllers and methods of control to enable prevention of departure of vehicle even when the degree of the tendency of the vehicle to depart from the travel lane is low. One such controller comprises a lane departure tendency determining device configured to determine a departure tendency of the vehicle to depart from a travel lane, a yaw moment computing device configured to compute a reference yaw moment based on the departure tendency, a yaw moment correction device configured to compute a target yaw moment based on at least the reference yaw moment and a controller configured to apply the target yaw moment to the vehicle. When the reference yaw moment is lower than a prescribed threshold, the yaw moment correction device gradually increases the target yaw moment over time until the target yaw moment is greater than the prescribed threshold.

Abstract: There is provided a method for processing green coffee beans capable of imparting new aromas and flavors to a coffee beverage using a simple operation, without incurring an increase in raw material costs. The method for processing green coffee beans includes a fermentation step of bringing nutritive substances included in coffee cherries and microorganisms into contact with one another and causing fermentation, and a collection step of separating and collecting green coffee beans from the coffee cherries that have undergone the fermentation step, wherein in the fermentation step, at least part of the pulp of the coffee cherries is exposed, and the microorganisms are caused to come into direct contact therewith.