Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a resin useful in plastic lenses, to plastic lenses containing the resin and to a process for producing the lenses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to resin useful in preparing plastic lenses having a high refractive index comprising reacting an aliphatic polyisocyanate compounds having at least one sulfur atom with one or more of active hydrogen compounds selected from the group consisting of a polyol, a polythiol having sulfur atoms only in a mercapto groups, and a polythiol having at least one sulfur atom other than in the mercapto groups; lenses containing the above-mentioned resin; and a method for the preparation thereof characterized by adding an internal release agent to the mixture of the above-mentioned raw materials in casting lenses from the resin; and lenses obtained by this method.

Abstract: A process for producing a plastic lens having a high refractive index and profile regularity which includes forming a mixture of one or more of sulfur-containing aromatic polyisocyanate compounds, one or more of active hydrogen compounds selected from the group consisting of polyol compounds and polythiol compounds, and at least one internal mold releasing agent. Then subjecting the resulting mixture to casting polymerization, to form the plastic lens.

Abstract: A commercially advantageous process for producing m- or p-aminobenzylamine is provided, which is characterized by subjecting m- or p-nitrobenzaldehyde and ammonia to catalytic reduction in the presence of a reducing catalyst in an organic solvent; in the reduction, when nitrobenzaldehyde and ammonia are in advance made a mixed solution in an organic solvent, and this solution is added in divided manner, the yield being further improved.

Abstract: N-substituted monochlorosuccinimides e.g., N-phenylmonochlorosuccinimide, can be prepared in a high yield by reacting a maleamic acid, e.g., N-phenylmaleamic acid, with phosgene in the presence of a catalyst, e.g., dimethylformamide.

Abstract: Diphenylamines or N,N'-diphenyl-phenylenediamines can be obtained by heat-reacting an aniline or a phenylenediamine with preferably an excess of a phenol in an amount of 4 to 20 moles per mole of the aniline or phenylenediamine in th presence of a hydrogen transfer catalyst and a cyclohexanone corresponding to said phenol.The excess phenol used in the reaction undergoes reduction in the reaction system to form a cyclohexanone, which in turn reacts with the aniline or phenylenediamine to form a Schiff base and is thus consumed. The Schiff base forms the intended product by means of a dehydrogenation reaction, and the hydrogen evolved at this time reduces the phenol to form a cyclohexanone.The phenol present in excess thus becomes in the system a solvent, a starting material for the cyclohexanone, and an acceptor of the hydrogen that forms as a by-product at the time of formation of the intended product.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a novel and highly refractive S-alkyl thiocarbamate base resin useful in preparing lenses and a process for producing the resin comprising reacting one or more of polyisocyanate compounds and one or more of mercapto compound having at least one hydroxyl group, a plastic lens made of the resin, and a process for making a plastic lens of high profile regularity from the resin by using internal mold releasing agents in the casting polymerization process.

Abstract: A novel compound, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol, and a novel preparation process of 4,4'-biphenol by using the novel compound as the raw material.4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol can be obtained by conducting a thermal decomposition reaction of 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol. 4,4'-Biphenol can be industrially manufactured by conducting a dehydrogenation reaction of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol.

Abstract: Polyurethane base lens resins obtained by reacting one or more of sulfur-containing polyisocyanates compound with one or more of sulfur-containing polyols, and polyurethane base lenses comprising these resins are disclosed.A method for preparing polyurethane base lenses which comprises adding internal mold releasing agents to the mixture of the above polyisocyanates and polyols prior to casting polymerization is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a cyclic urea is provided. The process comprises reacting a diamine expressed by the formula (II)R-HN-R'-NH-R (II)wherein R represents hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group and R' represent dimethylene group, a lower alkyl group-substituted dimethylene group, trimethylene group, a lower alkyl group-substituted trimethylene group, tetramethylene group, a lower alkyl group-substituted tetramethylene group, but a case where R represents hydrogen atom and R' represent dimethylene group, a case where R represents hydrogen atom and R' represents a lower alkyl group-substituted dimethylene group and a case where R represent methyl group and R' represents dimethylene group are excluded, with phosgene in the presence of a dehydrochlorinating agent. In the process, the diamine is first converted to its hydrochloride, followed by reacting the hydrochloride with phosgene in water solvent while maintaining a pH of the reaction liquid in the range of 5.0 to 8.

Abstract: A process for producing a cyclic diamine which comprises reacting a diamine of the formulaR--HN--R'--NH--R (II)wherein R represents a lower alkyl group and R' represents a lower alkyl group-substituted dimethylene group, trimethylene group, a lower alkyl group-substituted trimethylene group, tetramethylene group or a lower alkyl group-substituted tetramethylene group with urea in the presence of a polar solvent and at 180.degree. C. or higher, to obtain a cyclic urea ##STR1## wherein R and R' are each as defined above, the production yield being more improved by carrying out the initial period reaction at 140.degree. C. or lower.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel preparation process of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-cyclohexanol, which comprises subjecting 4-(4-hydroxphenyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol to reduction. 4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-cyclohexanol is a compound useful as a monomer for liquid crystalline polyesters and the like.

Abstract: A novel compound, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol, and a novel preparation process of 4,4'-biphenol by using the novel compound as the raw material.4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol can be obtained by conducting a thermal decomposition reaction of 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol. 4,4'-Biphenol can be industrially manufactured by conducting a dehydrogenation reaction of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol.

Abstract: A novel compound, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol, and a novel preparation process of 4,4'-biphenol by using the novel compound as the raw material.4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol can be obtained by conducting a thermal decomposition reaction of 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol. 4,4'-Biphenol can be industrially manufactured by conducting a dehydrogenation reaction of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol.

Abstract: Diphenylamines or N,N'-diphenyl-phenylenediamines can be obtained by heat-reacting an aniline or a phenylenediamine with preferably an excess of a phenol in an amount of 4 to 20 moles per mole of the aniline or phenylenediamine in the presence of a hydrogen transfer catalyst and a cyclohexanone corresponding to said phenol.The excess phenol used in the reaction undergoes reduction in the reaction system to form a cyclohexanone, which in turn reacts with the aniline or phenylenediamine to form a Schiff base and is thus consumed. The Schiff base forms the intended product by means of a dehydrogenation reaction, and the hydrogen evolved at this time reduces the phenol to form a cyclohexanone.The phenol present in excess thus becomes in the system a solvent, a starting material for the cyclohexanone, and an acceptor of the hydrogen that forms as a by-product at the time of formation of the intended product.

Abstract: 2,4-Xylenol can be obtained in high yield and high purity from a crude 2,4-xylenol isomer mixture containing 2,5-xylenol by selectively reacting the 2,5-xylenol with an aldehyde in the presence of an aromatic sulfonic acid, thereby converting the 2,5-xylenol into a xylenol-aldehyde condensate and, subsequently, separating the 2,4-xylenol, e.g., by distillation.

Abstract: Novel 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid derivatives. These compounds can be prepared by reacting a cyclohexanone-4-carboxylic acid with a phenol.

Abstract: Diphenylamines or N,N'-diphenyl-phenylenediamines can be obtained by heat-reacting an aniline or a phenylenediamine with preferably an excess of a phenol in an amount of 4 to 20 moles per mole of the aniline or phenylenediamine in the presence of a hydrogen transfer catalyst and a cyclohexanone corresponding to said phenol.The excess phenol used in the reaction undergoes reduction in the reaction system to form a cyclohexanone, which in turn reacts with the aniline or phenylenediamine to form a Schiff base and is thus consumed. The Schiff base forms the intended product by means of a dehydrogenation reaction, and the hydrogen evolved at this time reduces the phenol to form a cyclohexanone.The phenol present in excess thus becomes in the system a solvent, a starting material for the cyclohexanone, and an acceptor of the hydrogen that forms as a by-product at the time of formation of the intended product.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a colorless transparent plastic lens having high refractivity and low dispersion. The lens is light, has heat resistance sufficient for post processing, and is excellent in grinding machinability and impact resistance. It is made of a sulfur-containing urethane resin, which is a polymer of a specific polythiol and a particular polyisocyanate of at least bifunctionality.

Abstract: A process for preparing cyclohexanonecarboxylic acid compounds by catalytically hydrogenating the corresponding hydroxybenzoic acid compounds in a secondary alcohol or tertiary alcohol solvent.