Abstract: Embodiments are directed to image processing methods to improve display quality while using a limited number of pulses and to correct the error between the reflectance and the desired gamma. The complexity of the hardware used for driving a display device may then be reduced to minimum. In addition, in various embodiments the method can also be used to compensate for the change of an optical response curve due to batch variation, temperature change, photo-exposure or aging of the display device.

Abstract: A system for a display is disclosed. The system comprises an illumination source, a light guide, and a diffractive element. The illumination source inserts illumination into the light guide. The diffractive element extracts illumination from the light guide. The diffractive element comprises a modulated diffractive structure.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to image processing methods to improve display quality while using a limited number of pulses and to correct the error between the reflectance and the desired gamma. The complexity of the hardware used for driving a display device may then be reduced to minimum. In addition, in various embodiments the method can also be used to compensate for the change of an optical response curve due to batch variation, temperature change, photo-exposure or aging of the display device.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods of using the same for transferring functional blocks to a substrate. In one exemplary embodiment, a plurality of functional blocks is deposited in a relocating tool having a first plurality of receptor sites. A transfer tool having a plurality of nozzles in aligning with the first plurality of receptor sites removes the plurality of functional blocks from the relocating tool. The transfer tool then deposits the plurality of functional blocks into a second plurality of receptor sites in a substrate. The receptor sites comprise adhesives for securing the functional blocks. Vibration and water are used to facilitate proper delivery of the functional blocks to the receptor sites.

Abstract: A display device and method of fabricating the same. The display device comprises a first array of transparent conductors. The first array of transparent conductors has a first pitch defined by a first distance between adjacent transparent conductors of the first array of transparent conductors. The display device further comprises a second array of conductors disposed on a plurality of integrated circuit (IC) devices coupled to a carrier, which couples to the display device. The second array of conductors has a second pitch defined by a second distance between adjacent conductors of the second array of conductors. The first pitch and the second pitch are substantially similar. The first array of transparent conductors interconnects the second array of conductors.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods of using the same for transferring functional blocks to a substrate. In one exemplary embodiment, a plurality of functional blocks is deposited in a relocating tool having a first plurality of receptor sites. A transfer tool having a plurality of nozzles in aligning with the first plurality of receptor sites removes the plurality of functional blocks from the relocating tool. The transfer tool then deposits the plurality of functional blocks into a second plurality of receptor sites in a substrate. The receptor sites comprise adhesives for securing the functional blocks. Vibration and water are used to facilitate proper delivery of the functional blocks to the receptor sites.

Abstract: A display device and method of fabricating the same. The display device comprises a first array of transparent conductors. The first array of transparent conductors has a first pitch defined by a first distance between adjacent transparent conductors of the first array of transparent conductors. The display device further comprises a second array of conductors disposed on a plurality of integrated circuit (IC) devices coupled to a carrier, which couples to the display device. The second array of conductors has a second pitch defined by a second distance between adjacent conductors of the second array of conductors. The first pitch and the second pitch are substantially similar. The first array of transparent conductors interconnects the second array of conductors.

Abstract: A method for in situ cleaning of electron emitters (126, 226, 326, 526) in a field emission device (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) includes the steps of controllably providing hydrogen gas (142, 242, 342, 542) within the field emission device (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) at a time during the operational life of the field emission device (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) and, thereafter, emitting electrons from the electron emitters (126, 226, 326, 526), thereby forming hydrogen free radicals, which decontaminate and condition the emissive surfaces of the electron emitters (126, 226, 326, 526).

Abstract: A field emission device (100, 200) includes a cathode plate (110, 210), an anode plate (112, 212) spaced from the cathode plate (110, 210) to define an interspace region (114, 214) therebetween, a hole (144, 244) defined by the device package and in communication with the interspace region (114, 214), and a hydrogen-selective membrane (140, 240) disposed in registration with the hole (144, 244).

Abstract: An interferometric switch for spatially switching either linearly polarized or unpolarized externally derived beams of substantially coherent light includes an optical input unit for dividing an externally derived light beam into a constituent beam pair. An optical phase modulating device includes a nematic liquid crystal pixel for selectively shifting the relative phase of the constituent beam pair. An output unit cooperates to combine respective components of the constituent beam pair along coincident collinear paths so as to form a respective output light beam directed along a selected one of first and second output axes, according to the relative phase imparted by the phase-modulating device. The phase modulating device may comprise a cascading arrangement of pixel stages which can respectively provide a selected incremental phase-shift to each constituent beam passing therethrough.

Abstract: An interferometric optical switching device for switching substantially coherent light beams includes a plurality of interferometric switching cells arranged in matrix form. Each interferometric switching cell is independently controllable to selectively direct received light beams along at least a selected one of two axes. The device can be three-dimensionally expanded to increase the number of ports to which the light beams can be selectively switched, in which case the matrices can share integrally constructed interferometric switching cells. The device is further capable of providing bidirectional communication between predetermined ones of the ports thereof.

Abstract: An optical switching device for switching arbitrarily polarized optical signal beams includes a plurality of polarization-independent switching cells arranged in matrix form. Each polarization-independent switching cell is independently controllable to selectively direct received optical beams along at least a selected one of two axes. The device can be three-dimensionally expanded to increase the number of output ports to which the optical beams can be selectively switched, in which case the matrices can share integrally constructed polarization-independent switching cells.

Abstract: A compact optical switching unit includes a spatial light modulator coupled to a delay assembly such that incident light beams are respectively selectively directed along either a direct path or a delay path dependent on the linear polarization of the light beam. The delay assembly includes a light deflection device, such as a polarizing beam splitter, coupled to a delay path apparatus, such as mirror prisms or fiber optic cable. A compact and readily fabricated cascade of optical switching units includes polarizing beam splitter blocks and polarization rotation switch blocks, a portion of which constitutes the polarizing beamsplitters and spatial light modulators in respective optical switching units sequentially optically coupled. Delay path apparatuses disposed along an axis orthogonal to both the axis of beams passing along a direct path through polarizing beam splitter switches on the direct path and the axis between respective optical switching units result in a compact optical architecture.

Abstract: A compact optical switching unit includes a polarization independent beamsplitter switch (PIBS) coupled to a delay path apparatus such that incident light beams are respectively selectively directed along either a direct path or a delay path dependent on the the manipulation of the polarization of polarized constituent light beams in the PIBS. The delay path apparatus is typically a mirror prism or fiber optic cable disposed such that light deflected onto the delay path traverses a longer distance than light passing along the direct path and thus a particular light beam can be selectively time delayed by controlling the PIBS to direct the beam into desired delay paths in a cascade of optical signal switching units. A compact and readily fabricated cascade of optical switching units includes PIBS blocks, a portion of which constitutes the PIBS in respective optical switching units sequentially optically coupled.

Abstract: An optical switching device for switching linearly polarized optical signal beams includes a plurality of switching cells arranged in matrix form. Each switching cell has spatial light modulators and a polarizing beamsplitter which cooperate to propagate the optical beams received by the device to selected output ports. The device can be three-dimensionally expanded to increase the number of output ports to which the optical beams can be selectively switched, in which case the matrices can share integrally constructed polarizing beamsplitters and SLMs.

Abstract: An LCD pixel in accordance with the invention has disposed on a substrate a segmented back-to-back diode, an address line, and an electrode adjacent to the address line. The electrode has an additional portion, with one diode segment disposed on the additional portion and the other diode segment disposed on the address line. A free area of the substrate is adjacent to the additional portion so that the diode area is accurately defined.

Abstract: A structure for converging electrons at the screen of a flat panel display and for transversely scanning electrons across the channels of the display includes a plurality of conductive strips arranged between the acceleration mesh and the phosphor screen. The strips extend longitudinally along and are substantially parallel to the acceleration mesh and are also substantially parallel to one another. A first portion of the strips is voltage biased to converge electrons in the proximity of the screen and scan said electrons transversely across the channels and the other portion is voltage biased to scan the electrons transversely across the channels.

Abstract: A modulator assembly for a flat panel display device is fabricated with a single piece substantially U-shaped isolation member. The modulation electrode pairs are formed as bifilar strips configured singularly to and insulatively affixed to the isolation member.

Abstract: An electron beam guide assembly for a flat panel display device includes an acceleration electrode having two portions separated by a longitudinal slit. The display device also includes electrodes on support walls which divide the device into channels. By properly voltage biasing the acceleration electrode portions and the support wall electrodes, an electron beam is simultaneously directed to a particular color producing material and transversely scanned across the channels. A color display, therefore, can be produced using one electron beam per channel.

Abstract: In a display device which is divided into a plurality of channels by support vanes, scanning electrodes are arranged on both sides of the vanes. The scanning electrodes are segmented in the direction of electron beam propagation and one portion of the segments is biased with a varying voltage to scan the electron beams transversely across the channels. The remaining portion of the scanning electrodes is biased to deflect leakage electrons away from the screen to thereby improve the visual display.