Abstract: A super junction semiconductor device may include one or more doped zones in a cell area. A drift layer is provided between a doped layer of a first conductivity type and the one or more doped zones. The drift layer includes first regions of the first conductivity type and second regions of a second conductivity type, which is the opposite of the first conductivity type. In an edge area that surrounds the cell area, the first regions may include first portions separating the second regions in a first direction and second portions separating the second regions in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The first and second portions are arranged such that a longest second region in the edge area is at most half as long as a dimension of the edge area parallel to the longest second region.

Abstract: A sensor element for determining a gas component in a measuring gas includes a first and a second electrode, a solid electrolyte situated between the electrodes, a heater having a heating element, and an insulation surrounding the heating element, wherein the heating element has a meander pattern having a first external heating area, a second external heating area, a first internal heating area, and a second internal heating area.

Abstract: A ceramic gas sensor for measuring a gas component in a gas mixture, which includes a sensor element, which has at least one first electrode exposed to the gas mixture to be determined, and at least one further electrode. Only one shared electrical contact is provided for the first electrode and for the additional electrode, an electrical resistor, which is situated inside the gas sensor, being preconnected to the first electrode and/or the additional electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a console (1) and a safety console (101) having dual-stage functionality. The console (1) has a key (21) and a contact plate (41). According to one exemplary embodiment, the key (21) has a dual-stage safety shutdown mat (23) on which electrically conductive layers (25, 27) are located. The contact plate (41) has two contact arrangements having electrically conductive safety contact elements (43, 45) and key contact elements (47, 49). The console (1) is configured to connect the electrically conductive safety contact elements (43, 45) by means of the safety contact layer (25) in an inactive state, thus continuously monitoring the presence and active contact state of the key (21) via a safety switch (37). In an active state, the key (1) is configured to also connect the key contact elements (47, 49) via the key contact layer (27) on the safety shutdown mat (23) such that the activation can be registered by an evaluation circuit (53).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the voltage-controlled performance regulation of the heating of an exhaust-gas probe in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. The aim of the invention is to provide a method in which the operating temperature of the probe is achieved in the shortest possible time without damage to the probe. To achieve this, the heating voltage during the heating phase of the probe is rapidly brought up to a high temperature in a start phase in relation to a subsequent phase, or a dramatic leap in temperature is achieved, preferably up to the full operating voltage and the heating voltage is then continuously or quasi-continuously reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a battery module, in particular for a motor vehicle. The battery module has a housing, at least one battery disposed in the housing, and at least one device for dissipating gases or vapors from the at least one battery. According to the invention, the at least one device has at least one element for precipitating at least one toxic and/or environmentally harmful material from the gases or vapors.

Abstract: In a method for producing a sensor element including at least one sensitive component, a masking layer made of a material which is thermally decomposable without residue is applied to the sensitive component, the sensitive component being essentially covered by the masking layer, a protective layer made of a temperature-stable material is applied to the masking layer, and the masking layer is removed by pyrolysis or a low-temperature-guided oxygen plasma. The resulting sensor element includes at least one sensitive component covered by a protective layer made of a temperature-stable material, the sensitive component and the protective layer being placed at a distance from each other.

Abstract: A measuring sensor is described for determining a physical property of a measured gas, especially for determining the oxygen concentration or the pollutant concentration in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, which has a sensor element that is exposable to the measured gas which is at least partially coated with a protective layer that protects against harmful components in the measured gas. In order to achieve producing a “contamination protection”, that is cost-effective from a manufacturing technology point of view, particularly against silicon compounds and phosphorus compounds, the protective layer (26) is made of highly active ?- or ?-aluminum oxide (Al2O3) having additives of compounds of the alkaline metals group, the alkaline earths group, the IV B subgroup or the lanthanides group.

Abstract: A sensor element having a layered construction and configured to detect a physical property of a gas or a liquid includes a functional component situated in the interior, which functional component is connected electrically to a conductor element, which conductor element extends up to the outer surface or up into the surroundings of the sensor element. The sensor element has at least one sealing element which adjoins the functional component and/or the conductor element. The conductor element and the at least one sealing element are configured to be gas-tight at least regionally in the interior of the sensor element and are situated in such a way that the functional component is separated gas-tight from the surroundings of the sensor element.

Abstract: A sensor element is used to detect a physical property of a measuring gas, preferably to determine the oxygen content or the temperature of an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensor element contains a first solid electrolyte layer and a second solid electrolyte layer. A first printed conductor and a second printed conductor are provided on opposite sides of the first solid electrolyte layer, the first printed conductor including a first electrode and a feed line to the first electrode, and the second printed conductor including a second electrode and a feed line to the second electrode. A third printed conductor, which includes a third electrode and a feed line to the third electrode, is provided on the second solid electrolyte layer. The second printed conductor is positioned between the third electrode and the first printed conductor.

Abstract: A keyboard having a plurality of key fields and a plurality of capacitive elements, which are associated with the key fields, and measuring electronics is proposed. The measuring electronics are implemented for the purpose of detecting a change of the capacitance value of one of the capacitive elements between a non-actuation level, which is in a first capacitance value range, and an actuation level, which is in a second capacitance value range, and then outputting an actuation signal. The measuring electronics are also implemented to detect a change of the capacitance value of the non-actuation level and a manipulation level above the second capacitance value range and to then output an alarm signal. The attempt to manipulate the keyboard can thus be detected on the basis of the capacitance value increase associated therewith.

Abstract: The invention relates to a console (1) and a safety console (101) having dual-stage functionality. The console (1) has a key (21) and a contact plate (41). According to one exemplary embodiment, the key (21) has a dual-stage safety shutdown mat (23) on which electrically conductive layers (25, 27) are located. The contact plate (41) has two contact arrangements having electrically conductive safety contact elements (43, 45) and key contact elements (47, 49). The console (1) is configured to connect the electrically conductive safety contact elements (43, 45) by means of the safety contact layer (25) in an inactive state, thus continuously monitoring the presence and active contact state of the key (21) via a safety switch (37). In an active state, the key (1) is configured to also connect the key contact elements (47, 49) via the key contact layer (27) on the safety shutdown mat (23) such that the activation can be registered by an evaluation circuit (53).

Abstract: Proposed are an exhaust gas posttreatment arrangement and a method for the reduction of pollutants, in particular for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides. The arrangement has an exhaust line for conducting the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine to a treatment unit for the reduction of the pollutants, and at least one reservoir for storing a reducing agent for use in the treatment unit. The reservoir is arranged in the region of the exhaust line and extends parallel to the exhaust line, and is in heat-conducting contact with the exhaust line and/or with the exhaust gas in the exhaust line.

Abstract: A sensor element to determine the temperature or the oxygen concentration of an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine includes a first solid electrolyte film, a second solid electrolyte film, and a diffusion barrier disposed in a layer plane between the first and the second solid electrolyte film. A gas-impermeable or at least largely gas-impermeable cover layer is provided locally on the diffusion barrier, so that in the regions in which the cover layer is provided on the diffusion barrier, diffusion of the measured gas into or out of the diffusion barrier is at least largely prevented. A corresponding method for manufacturing a sensor element includes ablating a diffusion barrier using a laser in order to adjust the diffusion resistance of the diffusion barrier. A cover layer that, after a sintering process, is gas-impermeable or at least largely gas-impermeable is applied onto a side of the diffusion barrier that faces toward a measured gas located outside the sensor element.

Abstract: A ceramic gas sensor for measuring a gas component in a gas mixture, which includes a sensor element, which has at least one first electrode exposed to the gas mixture to be determined, and at least one further electrode. Only one shared electrical contacting is provided for the first electrode and for the additional electrode, an electrical resistor, which is situated inside the gas sensor, being preconnected to the first electrode and/or the additional electrode.

Abstract: A sensor element for gas sensors is described for determining gas components of a gas mixture, especially in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, having at least one electrochemical measuring cell and at least one porous layer that is exposed to the gas mixture. The porous layer contains palladium, platinum, ruthenium, an alkali metal and/or an alkaline earth metal, the platinum being contained in the porous layer at a minimum concentration of 1.5 wt. %. Furthermore, a method and an impregnating solution are described for producing the sensor element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a energy converter ad/or energy storage device, including one or more energy converter and/or energy storage units, such as fuel cells and/or battery units. The energy converter and/or energy storage units according to the invention are surrounded by a casing which has at least one fluorine absorber, in particular a hydrogen fluoride absorber, selected from the group including carbonates, hydroxides, oxides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, sulfates, and/or phosphates of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, lanthanoides, and/or silicon.

Abstract: A sensor element for determining a gas component in a measuring gas includes a first and a second electrode, a solid electrolyte situated between the electrodes, a heater having a heating element, and an insulation surrounding the heating element, wherein the heating element has a meander pattern having a first external heating area, a second external heating area, a first internal heating area, and a second internal heating area.

Abstract: An arrangement and a method for processing data of multiprotocol data packets comprises at least one multiplexer connected to input ports; at least one first programmable data processing unit configured to provide header words and into payload words; a buffer management unit configured to generate localization data which specifies a corresponding memory area of the payload memory; a descriptor generator unit for generating data packet descriptors; a RISC processor configured to generate, in dependence on the data packet descriptors, header data for transmit data packets and payload processing instructions for processing data of the data packet payload words, stored in the payload memory, of the associated received data packet; and at least one second programmable data processing unit configured to process the payload words from the payload memory in accordance with the payload processing instructions and assembles the payload words with the header data to form transmit data packets.

Abstract: A sensor element for determining gas components in measuring gas mixtures, particularly gas components in exhaust gases of combustion devices, having a measuring chamber that is in gas-conducting connection with the measuring gas mixture, and having a solid electrolyte which connects a pump electrode, situated in the measuring chamber, and a pump counterelectrode while conducting oxygen ions, in order to set the oxygen content in the measuring chamber. This sensor element stands out by having the pump counterelectrode situated in a reference gas chamber.