Abstract: The present invention is characterized by a method, which simultaneously performs sterilization of the oral cavity, promotion of saliva secretion, and microsampling, at the time of saliva sampling intended for saliva tests including determination of glucose in saliva, and further provides a syringe type instrument for sampling and recovery of saliva with the use of inexpensive members for removing a salivary viscous component and recovering a salivary serous component, and a method for sampling saliva and recovering a salivary serous component with the use of the instrument.

Abstract: A data synchronized playback apparatus comprises a buffer which stores streaming data, a buffer fill quantity measurement unit which measures the amount of streaming data stored in the buffer, a decoder which decodes the streaming data and sends decoded data to a D/A converter, a D/A converter which converts the decoded data to an analog signal, a clock generator which generates a clock signal with a frequency that changes according to the measured data quantity, and the digital/analog converter operates based on the clock signal generated by the clock generator.

Abstract: During the reception of a content delivery service, if the service is continued by switching a communication path, a temporary interruption occurs upon the switching of a session. There are cases where the same service cannot be continued if the communication speed of the communication path prior to switching is greatly different from that of a communication path after switching. Sessions for delivering two contents each encoded from the same source data, having different bit rates, and temporally synchronized with each other are established simultaneously with respect to a client terminal. The sessions are switched at the client terminal based on information on the respective times of content data from the two sessions such that a temporal continuation is provided therebetween.

Abstract: A radio line is easily influenced in its nature by attenuation or reflection of electromagnetic wave or the like and surrounding environment. Due to this fact, a variation of the data transfer speed frequently occurs at the time of image streaming to become a hindrance of reproduction of image at the receiving terminal. The distribution server is provided with means for multiplexing information indicating the transmission start time for the image data and means for switching an image bit rate in response to a request from the receiving terminal. The receiving terminal is provided with means for using information indicating a transmission start time for the image data, monitoring the receiving bit rate and informing the request for transmission of the most-suitable image bit rate in response to its result.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sampling/recovery instrument characterized by an oral secreta liquid sampling method which samples an oral secreta liquid either simultaneously with sterilizing it, or after sterilizing oral bacteria with a bactericide, to suppress the decomposition of D-glucose by bacteria, in order to determine D-glucose in the oral secreta liquid. Concretely, the invention provides an oral secreta liquid sampling/recovery laminated simplified instrument produced by a very easy manufacturing method using inexpensive members, the instrument being characterized by sterilely and antibacterially sampling an oral secreta liquid with the use of a hydrophilic absorbent containing a bactericidal ingredient and/or an antibacterial ingredient, and pressurizing the hydrophilic absorbent toward a recovery hole to recover the absorbed oral secreta liquid. By this means, the invention realizes the rapid sterilization, sampling and recovery of samples.

Abstract: A method of quantifying a substrate, by which the substrate contained in various samples can be conveniently and quickly quantified without resort to any troublesome pretreatments, and a biosensor. More particularly speaking, a method of quantifying a substrate in a sample by using an electrode system made of electrically conductive materials and a reaction reagent comprising at least a dehydrogenase, a coenzyme an electron mediator and a tetrazolium salt, which comprises performing an enzyme reaction and a redox reaction between the reaction reagent and the substrate in the sample, and detecting a formazan formed as the final reaction product by using the electrode system and a if biosensor with the use of the same are provided.

Abstract: When the meta data in an MP4 file is converted, a media data recopying process involves a long process duration and large memory space allocation. The invention provides that when an MP4 file is converted, an increment of a converted file size is estimated based on previously-registered meta data conversion candidate information, an overwritable free space equivalent to the estimated incremental size is inserted before a media data portion. In the MP4 file conversion, the converted meta data overwrites the to-be-converted meta data portion and the overwritable free space such that the MP4 file is converted without moving the media data.

Abstract: When packet loss occurs during transmission of mobile communication of digital media data, the media data to be delivered to an application decoder is in such form that payload of the packet where loss has occurred is omitted, and accurate position of transmission error cannot be detected. According to the present invention, a data string not contained in specification and standards of the application decoder is inserted to a section with packet loss of the received data by system decoder, and the application decoder can explicitly judge from the data string that communication error has occurred is. As a result, the application decoder can detect accurate position of transmission error. Also, by arranging the data string to be inserted between the system decoder and the application decoder, the position of the error can be detected more accurately.

Abstract: An L-phenylalanine sensor wherein all of the reagents required in determining L-phenylalanine are integrated together, thereby enabling quick and convenient quantification without resort to any special equipment, devices or techniques. This sensor is fabricated by integrating L-phenylalanine dehydrogenase, oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) or oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) as a coenzyme and an electron mediator, which are employed as reagents, with an electrode system comprising at least a working electrode and a counter electrode. Also, a method of determining L-phenylalanine which comprises adding a sample containing L-phenylalanine to the above-described sensor and electrochemically quantitating L-phenylalanine is provided.