Abstract: This invention relates to a polymer having a chain structure of a repeating unit of a proton-conducting compound which causes an electrochemical redox reaction in a solution of a proton source to act as an electrode active material, and a heterocyclic compound structure; and an electrochemical cell comprising the polymer as an electrode active material.

Abstract: An objective of this invention is to provide an electrode and an electrochemical cell which can prevent increase of an electrode resistivity when using a carbon with a larger surface area, prevent deterioration of a high-temperature cycle property caused by increase in the electrode resistivity and have an improved appearance capacity. There are provided an electrode which is a cathode 2 or an anode 3, comprising a proton-conducting compound and two or more carbons as a conduction auxiliary agent, wherein at least one of the carbons is a fibrous carbon, and an electrochemical cell having the electrode.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a structure for connecting a compressor wheel and a shaft, which structure is not easily broken when rotated at high speed. A male screw is provided on an outer surface of a projection formed on the center of a rear of the compressor wheel, and a male screw is provided on a shaft. The compressor wheel and the shaft are connected with each other by a sleeve having female screws provided at each end thereof. An engagement portion is provided between the compressor wheel and the shaft.

Abstract: The present invention provides a stack-type lithium-ion polymer battery wherein: the battery capacity is not being degraded; the generation of the wrinkles and fracture of the separator is being suppressed; the battery has gas releasing paths; the displacement of an electrode stack hardly occurs; and the workability at the time of placing the electrode stack in a package body is improved by fixing the electrode stack. A stack-type lithium-ion polymer battery of the present invention comprises: a cathode 13; an anode 14; a separator 15; and a gel electrolyte; wherein an electrode stack 23 in which the cathode 13 and the anode 14 are stacked through the separator 15 is enclosed and fixed by insulating porous sheets 21 and 24, and is packaged with a laminate material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for easily removing metal impurities from an indole derivative trimer containing the metal impurities, which method involves mixing the indole derivative trimer containing the metal impurities with an imidazole compound in a solvent comprising water under heating, and filtering and separating the indole derivative trimer, from which the metal impurities have been removed, from the obtained mixture. Further, mixing a protonic acid allows the doping of the indole derivative trimer to be conducted simultaneously with the metal impurity removal, whereby the indole derivative trimer can be used as an electrode active substance of an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A secondary battery and capacitor includes as an active material of an electrode a compound having a trimer structure comprising three structure units of one or more kind of indole compounds selected from indole and indole derivatives and a condensed polycyclic structure having a six-membered ring composed of atoms of the second and the third position of the each three structure units, wherein the active material comprises as the compound a first compound having a trimer structure wherein any bonds between the structure units are formed among the second position of one structure unit and the third position of the other structure unit and a second compound having a trimer structure comprising a bond formed among the second position of one structure unit and the second position of the other structure unit, and a proton is utilized as a charge carrier of the first compound and the second compound.

Abstract: An objective of this invention is to provide an electrochemical cell exhibiting excellent cycle properties at a high temperature. There is provided an electrochemical cell, comprising a polycarbazole compound prepared by polymerizing carbazole or its derivative as an electrode active material, wherein protons act as a charge carrier.

Abstract: A proton-conducting electric double layer capacitor comprising a electrolytic solution containing an aqueous solution of an organic or inorganic acid whereto a water-soluble N-containing heterocyclic compound is added.

Abstract: The present invention provides a secondary battery and a capacitor which may provide an excellent high rate and cycle characteristic as well as sufficient electromotive force and capacity. The secondary battery and a capacitor have an active material of an electrode comprising a trimer compound comprising three units of indole or indole derivatives in condensed ring form, wherein the second position and the third position of each unit form a six-membered ring, and a proton which can be utilized as a charge carrier of the trimer compound.

Abstract: There is provided a turbocharger whose constitution is compact, in which exhaust interference seldom occurs, and which can be applied also to an EGR type engine. In the turbocharger, an introduction part of an exhaust inflow passage possesses a partition part dividing a range from an inlet to a predetermined position in a downstream of the inlet into two exhaust inflow passages, a throttle part, whose sectional area becomes gradually small, from the inlet to a position where the partition part ceases, a joining part where exhaust gases passing through the left and right exhaust inflow passages are joined, and a diffuser part, whose sectional area becomes gradually large, from the joining part to a tongue part.

Abstract: An indole derivative compound represented by formula (I) (wherein the symbols in the formula are as mentioned in the specification) and a salt thereof Since the compounds represented by formula (I) binds to PGD2 receptors and shows antagonistic activity, they are believed to be useful for prevention and/or treatment of diseases such as allergic disease (such as allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma and food allergy), systemic mastocytosis, systemic mast cell activating disorder, anaphylaxis shock, airway contraction, urticaria, eczema, diseases accompanied by itch (such as atopic dermatitis, urticaria), diseases (such as cataract, retinal detachment, inflammation, infection and sleep disorder) which are generated secondarily as a result of behavior accompanied by itch (such as scratching and beating), inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, ischemic reperfusion injury, cerebrovascular accident, autoimmune disease, chronic articular rheumatism, pleur

Abstract: This invention relates to a proton-conducting polymer material comprising a quinoxaline-based compound structure, an imidazole-based compound structure and a proton-donating substituent, and a solid electrolyte membrane, an electrochemical cell and a fuel cell therewith.

Abstract: Secondary batteries and capacitors have a high electromotive force together with a high cyclic property and are capable of fast charging and discharging, using a polymeric compound having a high stability and high reactivity in an acidic ambient, as an electrode active material. The secondary batteries and capacitors include an indole polymeric compound as an electrode active material. The polymeric compound uses a proton as a charge carrier and has a constituent represented by general formula (1): wherein each R denotes a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic group, a sulfuric acid group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxyl group, an amino group, an alkylthio group and an arylthio group, which may be the same or different from each other, and at least one R is a substituent other than a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A bypass conduit (23) connects an outlet passage of a compressor (21) of an exhaust gas turbocharger (20) and an inlet passage of an exhaust turbine (22), and a bypass valve (24) is provided therein. When the operating condition of a diesel engine (1) is found to be in a low-speed and high-load region, the bypass valve (24) is controlled by means of a valve controller to adjust the bypass conduit (23) so as to open it. Then, the charge air partly flows into an exhaust conduit (4) to increase the rotational speed of the exhaust turbine (22) and hence the charge air flow rate raises the output of the diesel engine (1). Additionally, as the charge air flow rate is increased, the operating condition of a compressor (21) is prevented from approaching the surging range.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cell electrode comprising a proton-conducting compound capable of being involved in a redox reaction in a solution of an electrolyte containing a proton source as an electrode-active material and a cation exchanger, and an electrochemical cell therewith.

Abstract: A small battery and an electric double layer capacitor exhibit adequate cell voltage and capacitor withstand voltage. Specifically, the battery or electric double layer capacitor includes basic cells having a pair of electrodes oppositely laminated via the separator, and an electrolyte are packaged in a resin sheet package. The basic cells are laminated in series via a sheet current collector. The sheet current collector extends to an edge of the resin sheet package around the periphery of the basic cells laminated on both sides of the current collector. The sheet current collector is glued or fused to the resin sheet in its edge. The adjacent basic cells via the sheet current collector are fluid-tightly separated within the resin sheet package.

Abstract: The present invention provides an air cleaner, in which a casing has an air inlet pipe making air inflow along a direction perpendicular to the axis of a cylindrical filter element, and an air outlet pipe making filtered air outflow along the axis, and the casing has a supporter clingingly supporting the end outer circumference of the filter element on closed valley portions side along the circumference direction continuously, and another supporter supporting the end inner circumference of the filter element on closed mountain portions side along the circumference direction continuously to close a hollow portion, and air to be filtered inflows to the filter element from a first inflow space on the top side of the mountain portions as well as from the end of a second inflow space side, and filtered air outflows from the end on an outflow space side as well as from the hollow portion.

Abstract: The invention provides a fuel injection controlling apparatus for an engine that reduces NOx amounts in an exhaust gas of a Diesel engine conducting lean combustion. An inter-cylinder injector (20a) is arranged in each cylinder of an engine (1). An intake port/manifold injector (21a) is arranged at an inlet of each cylinder of an intake manifold (5). A speed sensor (32) for detecting the engine speed is provided to the engine. A controller (31) is connected to the speed sensor (32), the inter-cylinder injector (20a) and the intake port/manifold injector (21a), and calculates an engine load. The intake port/manifold injector (21a) injects the fuel when the engine load is low, and the inter-cylinder injector (20a) injects the fuel when the engine load is high.

Abstract: An objective of this invention is to provide to provide a direct methanol type fuel cell power generator which can operate without destruction due to water freezing or reduction in an output even when the system is exposed to a low temperature, and an operating method thereof. This invention provides a method for operating a direct methanol type fuel cell power generator, comprising the steps of feeding an aqueous methanol solution into a fuel flow path in the direct methanol type fuel cell; replacing the aqueous methanol solution in the fuel flow path with a proton-acid antifreezing liquid; and replacing the proton-acid antifreezing liquid in the fuel flow path with the aqueous methanol solution. This invention further provides a direct methanol type fuel cell power generator, comprising at least a direct methanol type fuel cell; a fuel tank filled with an aqueous methanol solution; and an antifreezing liquid tank filled with a proton-acid antifreezing liquid.

Abstract: An objective of this invention is to reduce an electric resistance in a separator and to improve its corrosion-resistance, mechanical strength and sealing performance, that leads to improve a fuel cell output and prevent deterioration in a direct methanol type fuel cell with a planar stack structure. The above objective is achieved by using a separator comprising a clad material consisting of a low-resistance material and an anti-corrosive material coating at least the front and the rear surfaces of the low-resistance material, wherein an area except an electric connection on the clad material is coated with an insulating coating layer.