Abstract: An electron emitting element (1) includes a substrate (2), an upper electrode (3), and a fine particle layer (4) sandwiched between the substrate (2) and the upper electrode (3). The fine particle layer (4) includes metal fine particles (6) with high resistance to oxidation, and insulating fine particles (5) larger in size than the metal fine particles (6). The electron emitting element (1) can steadily emit electrons not only in vacuum but also in the atmosphere. Further, the electron emitting element (1) can work without electric discharge so that harmful substances such as ozone, NOx, or the like are scarcely generated. Accordingly, degradation of the electron emitting element (1) due to oxidation does not occur. Therefore, the electron emitting element (1) has a long life and can steadily work continuously for a long period of time even in the atmosphere.

Abstract: A droplet applying apparatus includes a base 11 having a mounting surface 11a on which a substrate 10 is to be mounted, an arm part 4 which is fitted to the base 11 so as to be movable relative to the base 11 in an arrow A direction, and a plurality of droplet ejecting sections 6 which are fitted to the arm part 4 so as to be movable in an arrow B direction and which eject droplets to the substrate 10 mounted on the mounting surface 11a. The droplet ejecting sections 6 are fitted on a fitting surface 41b of a first beam member 41 of the arm part 4 as well as on a fitting surface 42b of a second beam member 42 of the arm part 4.

Abstract: A substrate reworking system (1) improves rework tact time and eliminates unnecessary reworking to perform efficient reworking. The system (1) includes: a defect information acquisition unit (2) for acquiring defect information for an entire region on the target substrate (9); a reworking unit (3) having at least one liquid drop discharge unit (6) for dispensing a liquid drop to a defective part on the target substrate (9) based on the defect information acquired by the defect information acquisition unit (2); and a rework determining unit (4) for determining, for each target substrate (9) and based on the defect information acquired by the defect information acquisition unit (2), whether the reworking unit (3) needs to perform reworking.

Abstract: A droplet discharge drawing apparatus of the present invention includes: an ink discharging section for discharging droplets to a plurality of targets of discharge present on a target recording material; a gantry sliding mechanism for relatively moving the ink discharging section with respect to the recording medium; and a pre-oscillation section for causing pre-oscillation of the droplet discharging section. The droplet discharge drawing apparatus further includes a control section supplying, to the pre-oscillation section, a pre-oscillation signal for causing the pre-oscillation of the ink discharging section so that the pre-oscillation is carried out before discharge of a droplet and within a time in which the displacement section moves the droplet discharging section relatively with respect to the target recording material.

Abstract: A discharging head turns from a main scanning direction into the opposite main scanning direction in a short period of time in moving from one target of ink discharge to another.

Abstract: A droplet applying apparatus includes a base 11 having a mounting surface 11a on which a substrate 10 is to be mounted, an arm part 4 which is fitted to the base 11 so as to be movable relative to the base 11 in an arrow A direction, a plurality of droplet ejecting sections 6 which are fitted to the arm part 4 so as to be movable relative to the base 11 in an arrow B direction and which eject droplets to the substrate 10 mounted on the mounting surface 11a, image pickup parts 90 for detecting alignment marks 110 of the substrate 10 mounted on the mounting surface 11a, and a attitude adjustment member 12 for adjusting an attitude of the substrate 10 mounted on the mounting surface 11a based on a detection result of the image pickup parts 90.

Abstract: A defect repairing apparatus (1), based on an ink-jet method, which can efficiently discharge droplets to desired parts scattered about on a large-area substrate, includes: droplet discharge units (3) for discharging droplets to the target substrate; a head gantry unit (4) for holding the droplet discharging units (3); a gantry sliding mechanism (5) for relatively moving the head gantry unit (4) and the target substrate; and a movement direction inversion section (6) for inverting a movement direction of the gantry sliding mechanism (5).

Abstract: A defect repairing apparatus (1) capable of efficiently repairing defects includes: a substrate-mounting plate (3) for securing a substrate conveyed; a plurality of droplet discharge units (11) disposed along a direction different from the direction of conveyance of the substrate as seen from a direction perpendicular to the substrate secured by the substrate-mounting plate (3), which discharge droplets onto defects scattered about on the substrate; a head gantry unit (7) on which the plurality of droplet discharge units (11) have been mounted; and a gantry sliding mechanism (4) for moving the head gantry unit (7) relatively at a constant velocity along the direction of conveyance of the substrate, the droplet discharge units (11) moving each independently along a direction different from the direction of conveyance in accordance with data indicative of the positions of the defects scattered about on the substrate, while the head gantry unit (7) is moving along the direction of conveyance of the substrate.

Abstract: The droplet applying apparatus includes a base 11 having a mounting surface 11a on which a substrate 10 is to be mounted, beam members 41, 42 which are fitted to the base 11 so as to be movable relative to the base 11 in an arrow A direction, a plurality of droplet ejecting sections 6 which are fitted to the beam members 41, 42 so as to be movable in an arrow B direction and which eject droplets to the substrate 10, and a control section 13 for controlling movement or stop of the plurality of droplet ejecting sections 6. The control section 13, during ejection operation of one of the droplet ejecting sections 6, performs such control as to effectuate gentle acceleration changes in speed changes of the other droplet moving ejecting section proximate to the one droplet ejecting section 6 while the movable other droplet ejecting section.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ?-electron-conjugated organice silane compound that give an organic thin film superior in peeling restance, orientation, crystallinity and eletroconductive properties, and a production method thereof. A ?-electron-conjugated organice silane compound represented by General Formula: R1-SiX1X2X3 (R1 represents an organic group having a particular monocyclic heterocyclic unit; and X1 to X3 are a group giving a hydroxyl group by hydrolysis). A method of producing the organic silane compound, comprising allowing a compound represented by General Formula: R1-Li (R1 is the same as above) or a compound represented by General Formula: R1-MgX5 (R1 is the same as above; and X5 represents a halogen atom) with a compound represented by General Formula: X4-SiX1X2X3 (X1 to X3 are the same as above; and X4 represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a lower alkoxy group).

Abstract: The present invention provides a highly ordered, crystallized organic thin film superior in electroconductive properties that is resistant to exfoliation, a compound for preparation of the thin film, and a method of producing the same. An organic silane compound, characterized in that a molecule represented by General Formula (I) is substituted with a silyl group. A method of producing the organic silane compound, comprising halogenating a molecule (I) and allowing it to react with a silane derivative. An organic thin film, wherein the organic silane compound molecule is oriented with its silyl group located in the substrate side and the molecule (I) region in the film surface side. (wherein, x1 and x2 are integers satisfying 1?x1, 1?x2, and 2?x1+x2?8; each of y1 and z1 is independently an integer of 2 to 8; each of y2 and z2 is independently an integer of 0 to 8; and the skeleton may be substituted with a hydrophobic group).

Abstract: A side chain-containing type organic silane compound represented by the formula (I) R—SiX1X2X3 wherein R represents a ?-electron conjugate type organic residue composed of 3 to 10 units whose units are a group derived from a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, a group derived from a monocyclic heterocyclic compound or the combination thereof, or an organic residue composed of 2 to 10 five-membered or six-membered rings, both of the residues having at least one side chain and X1, X2 and X3, the same or different represent a group affording a hydroxyl group upon hydrolysis.

Abstract: An optical communication link has a plurality of light emitting elements and a plurality of light receiving elements associated with the respective light emitting elements, and a plurality of optical fibers each for conveying an optical signal emitted from one light emitting element to an associated light receiving element. The optical fibers have respective lengths that include at least two different lengths, and respective transmission losses per unit length that vary according the lengths of the optical fibers, so that variation of the transmission losses among the optical fibers due to difference in optical fiber length is prevented.

Abstract: An organic silane compound represented by the general formula (a); (T)k-SiX1X2X3 (a) wherein T is an organic group derived from a fused polycyclic hydrocarbon compound of a fusion number of 2 to 10 composed of a 5-membered and/or 6-membered monocyclic hydrocarbon; k is an integer of 1 to 10; at least one group of X1 to X3 is a group which gives a hydroxy group by hydrolysis, or a halogen atom, and other groups are a group which does not react with an adjacent molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a highly orientated (crystallized) and highly-densely packed functional organic thin film that can be formed in a simple production method by solution method and adsorb tightly to a surface of a substrate, an organic silane compound for preparation of the thin film, and methods of preparing the same. An organic silane compound represented by General Formula; A-B—C—SiX1X2X3 (wherein, A represents a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; B represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; C represents a ?-electron-conjugated bivalent organic group; and each of X1 to X3 represents a group giving a hydroxyl group by hydrolysis). A functional organic thin film obtained by using the organic silane compound.

Abstract: An organic TFT comprising an organic thin film, a gate electrode formed on one surface of the organic thin film through a gate insulating film, source/drain electrodes formed on both sides of the gate electrode and on one surface of the organic thin film or on the other surface, and a film of an organic silane compound positioned between the organic thin film and the gate insulating film and/or between the organic thin film and the source/drain electrodes.

Abstract: A position of a first module (12a) with respect to an optical fiber (11) is determined in accordance with a receiving efficiency at the first module (12a) with respect to light emitted from the optical fiber (11). Power of light coupled into the optical fiber (11) from the first module (12a) is set in accordance with a value of a far-end reflectivity on a side of the first module (12a) in the position so as to satisfy a predetermined formula. By giving priority to determining a condition that significantly influences an improvement of an eye opening ratio, it is possible to manufacture an optical communication system at a low cost and with more freedom in manufacturing. Thus provided is a method of manufacturing an optical communication system, the method allowing for manufacturing an optical communication system at a low cost and with more freedom in manufacturing.

Abstract: Provided are a single monomolecular film uniform in film thickness and highly ordered in molecule alignment and its multilayer film, an organic compound allowing production of such films at high reproducibility, an organic device superior in electroconductive properties and a method of producing the same.

Abstract: In a bidirectional optical communications module capable of all-dual-mode communications using a single optical fiber, interference due to internally scattered light is reduced by forming a diverging area on a periphery of a transmission lens and providing a thin film reflection mirror which collects incoming light. A inexpensive, compact bidirectional optical communications module can be offered with reduced interference between outgoing and incoming light, especially, interference due to internally scattered light.

Abstract: An optical communication system has a plastic optical fiber (POF) and an optical communication module. The POF has a spherical end surface, and light emitted from the spherical end surface has an NA of 0.35 or lower. The POF is installed in the module such that a light receiving surface of a light receiving element (PD) is at a distance, d, from an apex of the spherical end surface. The distance, d, is within a range of 0<d?r*D/(n?n1) when a PD diameter is not larger than D, and within a range of D?d?r*D/(n?n1) when the PD diameter is larger than D, where D is a diameter of the POF, r*D is a radius of curvature of the spherical end surface, n is a refractive index of a core of the POF, and n1 is a refractive index of a substance between the spherical end surface and the PD.