Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to a photonic apparatus including integrated phase measurement. The photonic apparatus includes a phase shifter operably connected with a source optical waveguide to receive a source light wave and to shift a source phase of the source light wave to produce a shifted light wave with a shifted phase that is different from the source phase. The photonic apparatus includes an output optical waveguide connected with the phase shifter to provide the shifted wave and a reference optical waveguide operably connected with the source optical waveguide to provide the source light wave. The photonic apparatus includes a combiner to combine the shifted light wave with the source light wave to produce a combined light wave. The photonic apparatus includes a detector to determine a difference in phases between the shifted phase and the source phase as embodied in the combined wave.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to a photonic apparatus. The photonic apparatus including a phase shifter that modulates a light wave propagated within the phase shifter by progressively shifting a phase of the light wave along a length of the phase shifter. The photonic apparatus includes optical outputs operably connected with the phase shifter at intervals along the length of the phase shifter. The optical outputs provide the light wave with different phases according to the intervals at which the optical outputs are spaced on the phase shifter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a monoclonal antibody reacting with a glycopeptide, wherein the glycopeptide contains a core fucose moiety and at least 4 contiguous amino acid residues that are located on the C-terminal side of a glycosylated asparagine moiety, and both of the core fucose moiety in the glycopeptide and an amino acid residue that is located apart by at least three amino acid residues from the C-terminal of the glycosylated asparagine moiety in the glycopeptide are epitopes for the antibody.

Abstract: An occupant protection device including a seat belt including a shoulder belt and a lap belt, a locking tongue that is detachably joined to a buckle, that allows the seat belt to pass therethrough, and that is capable of switching between an unlock state in which the seat belt is allowed to move with the locking tongue being between the shoulder belt and the lap belt and a lock state in which movement thereof is restricted, a shoulder-belt puller that is capable of pulling the shoulder belt to apply a tensile force thereto, a side-collision detector that detects a side collision or a precursor thereof, and a control unit that changes a state of the locking tongue into the lock state and causes the shoulder-belt puller to pull the shoulder belt when the side-collision detector detects the side collision that occurs opposite an occupant or the precursor thereof.

Abstract: An occupant protection device including a seat belt that includes a shoulder belt and a lap belt, a locking tongue that is capable of switching between an unlock state and a lock state, a shoulder-belt puller that is capable of pulling the shoulder belt, a lap-belt puller that is capable of pulling the lap belt, a side-collision detector that detects a side collision or a precursor thereof, and a control unit that changes a state of the locking tongue into the lock state and a state of the lap-belt puller into a first pulling state in which the lap-belt puller pulls the lap belt and that subsequently changes a state of the shoulder-belt puller into a second pulling state in which the shoulder-belt puller pulls the shoulder belt when the side-collision detector detects the side collision that occurs opposite an occupant or the precursor thereof.

Abstract: Constraint-based methods for determining orientations of material physical properties using an isoparametric shape function are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of defining an orientation of an material physical property includes defining nonlinear and/or discontinuous design constraints of design values in a geometric domain associated with one or more physical attributes of the material physical property, and translating the nonlinear and/or discontinuous design constraints into continuous, first order design constraints of the design values by applying an isoparametric shape function. The method further includes performing a topology optimization using the continuous, first order design constraints of the design values, and reverse-translating results of the topology optimization back into the geometric domain using the isoparametric shape function. The results of the topology optimization in the geometric domain are indicative of the orientation of the material physical property.

Abstract: Methods for multi-component topology optimization for composite structures are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of designing a structure by computer-implemented topology optimization includes establishing a plurality of design points within a design domain and establishing at least a first orientation field and a second orientation field. The method further includes assigning values for the one or more membership fields, the one or more density fields, the first orientation field and the second orientation field, and projecting the values onto a simulation model. The method includes achieving convergence of an objective function for a design variable by iteratively executing a topology optimization of the simulation model using the values. Each design point of the plurality of design points is a member of no component or a member of one of the first component and the second component.

Abstract: Methods for combinatorial choice in topology optimization are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of performing combinatorial choice in a non-linear programming problem for designing a structure includes establishing, by one or more processors, a set of K variables, wherein the set of K variables defines an K-dimensional unit cube in a normal coordinate system. The K-dimensional unit cube includes a plurality of desired vertices representing a plurality of desired combinations that satisfy a constraint and a plurality of undesired vertices representing a plurality of undesired combinations that do not satisfy the constraint. The method further includes transforming the K-dimensional unit cube into a transformed shape in a transformed coordinate system using a shape function. Values of the set of K variables cannot have a combination represented by the plurality of undesired combinations.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to a photonic apparatus. The photonic apparatus including a phase shifter that modulates a light wave propagated within the phase shifter by progressively shifting a phase of the light wave along a length of the phase shifter. The photonic apparatus includes optical outputs operably connected with the phase shifter at intervals along the length of the phase shifter. The optical outputs provide the light wave with different phases according to the intervals at which the optical outputs are spaced on the phase shifter.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to a photonic apparatus. The photonic apparatus including a phase alignment waveguide including waveguide inputs and waveguide outputs. The waveguide inputs being operably connected with a light source to provide a light wave into the phase alignment waveguide and the waveguide outputs providing a plurality of light waves from the optical waveguide. The phase alignment waveguide modulates the light wave to generate the plurality of light waves with different phases. The photonic apparatus includes a transmit switch operably connected with the waveguide inputs to selectively connect at least one of the waveguide inputs with the light source to provide the light wave into the phase alignment waveguide. The photonic apparatus includes control circuitry operably connected with the transmit switch, the control circuitry dynamically activating the at least one of the waveguide inputs according to an electronic control signal.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to a photonic apparatus including integrated phase measurement. The photonic apparatus includes a phase shifter operably connected with a source optical waveguide to receive a source light wave and to shift a source phase of the source light wave to produce a shifted light wave with a shifted phase that is different from the source phase. The photonic apparatus includes an output optical waveguide connected with the phase shifter to provide the shifted wave and a reference optical waveguide operably connected with the source optical waveguide to provide the source light wave. The photonic apparatus includes a combiner to combine the shifted light wave with the source light wave to produce a combined light wave. The photonic apparatus includes a detector to determine a difference in phases between the shifted phase and the source phase as embodied in the combined wave.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to directing thermal energy within a photonic device. In one embodiment, the photonic device includes an optical component that is temperature sensitive and that provides a different response to light propagated within the optical component according to a present temperature of the optical component. The photonic device includes a heat source disposed at a separating distance from the optical component and that produces thermal energy within the photonic device. The photonic device includes a first thermal guide disposed proximate to the optical component and the heat source and spanning the separating distance. The first thermal guide concentrating the thermal energy from the heat source to the optical component.

Abstract: Thermal energy guiding systems and methods for fabricating thermal energy guiding systems are provided. A thermal energy guiding system includes a thermal energy source and an anisotropic thermal guiding coating in thermal communication with a surface of the thermal energy source. The anisotropic thermal guiding coating includes a plurality of layers including a first layer and a second layer. The first layer has a first thermal conductivity and the second layer has a second thermal conductivity. The plurality of layers are non-uniformly arranged on the surface of the thermal energy source in order to guide thermal energy from the thermal energy source according to a thermal energy management objective.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to an antenna formed by a silicon photonic two-dimensional grating. In one embodiment, a phased-array light detection and ranging (LIDAR) device includes a phase shifting array that separately shifts a phase of a source light wave to produce separate light waves with distinct phases. The LIDAR device includes optical inputs operably connected with the phase shifting array to receive the separate light waves. The LIDAR device includes a photonic grating operably connected with the optical inputs to receive the separate light waves and having a body that is disposed within a substrate with a face of the body exposed within the substrate. The photonic grating including grating structures exposed within the face. The grating structures redirect the separate light waves to emit the light waves from the photonic grating to form the beam of light.

Abstract: Heat transfer management apparatuses are disclosed. In one embodiment, a heat transfer management apparatus includes a composite lamina having an insulator substrate and a plurality of thermal conductor traces coupled to the insulator substrate. The plurality of thermal conductor traces are arranged into a first enhanced thermal conduction region and a second enhanced thermal conduction region. The heat transfer management apparatus also includes a heat generating component mount and a temperature sensitive component mount in electrical continuity with the heat generating component mount, where a shielding path projection extends from the heat generating component mount towards the temperature sensitive component mount, and at least one of the thermal conductor traces is transverse to the shielding path projection between the heat generating component mount and the temperature sensitive component mount to steer heat flux away from the temperature sensitive component mount.

Abstract: Heat transfer management apparatuses are disclosed. In one embodiment, a heat transfer management apparatus includes a composite lamina having an insulator substrate and a plurality of thermal conductor traces coupled to the insulator substrate, where the plurality of thermal conductor traces are arranged into a first enhanced thermal conduction region and a second enhanced thermal conduction region. The heat transfer management apparatus also includes a heat generating component mount coupled to the composite lamina and a temperature sensitive component mount coupled to the composite lamina and positioned distally from the heat generating component mount.

Abstract: Disclosed is a monoclonal antibody reacting with a glycopeptide, wherein the glycopeptide contains a core fucose moiety and at least 4 contiguous amino acid residues that are located on the C-terminal side of a glycosylated asparagine moiety, and both of the core fucose moiety in the glycopeptide and an amino acid residue that is located apart by at least three amino acid residues from the C-terminal of the glycosylated asparagine moiety in the glycopeptide are epitopes for the antibody.

Abstract: Circuit boards and computer-implemented methods for designing circuit boards are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of designing a circuit board having an insulator substrate includes determining, by a computer, a plurality of thermal conductor traces that is arranged to direct heat flux generated by a heat generating component away from a temperature sensitive component, and determining a plurality of electrical connection traces based on an input schematic. At least a portion of the plurality of electrical connection traces incorporate at least a portion of the plurality of thermal conductor traces to define a conductive trace pattern that electrically connects pins of two or more components located on the substrate. The conductive trace pattern includes the plurality of thermal conductor traces and the plurality of electrical connection traces. Disruption of the plurality of thermal conductor traces is avoided while determining the plurality of electrical connection traces.

Abstract: Constraint-based methods for determining orientations of material physical properties using an isoparametric shape function are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of defining an orientation of an material physical property includes defining nonlinear and/or discontinuous design constraints of design values in a geometric domain associated with one or more physical attributes of the material physical property, and translating the nonlinear and/or discontinuous design constraints into continuous, first order design constraints of the design values by applying an isoparametric shape function. The method further includes performing a topology optimization using the continuous, first order design constraints of the design values, and reverse-translating results of the topology optimization back into the geometric domain using the isoparametric shape function. The results of the topology optimization in the geometric domain are indicative of the orientation of the material physical property.

Abstract: Constraint-based methods for determining orientations of material physical properties using an isoparametric shape function are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of defining an orientation of an material physical property includes defining nonlinear and/or discontinuous design constraints of design values in a geometric domain associated with one or more physical attributes of the material physical property, and translating the nonlinear and/or discontinuous design constraints into continuous, first order design constraints of the design values by applying an isoparametric shape function. The method further includes performing a topology optimization using the continuous, first order design constraints of the design values, and reverse-translating results of the topology optimization back into the geometric domain using the isoparametric shape function. The results of the topology optimization in the geometric domain are indicative of the orientation of the material physical property.