Abstract: Current wireless networks do not allow machine type communication (MTC) devices to have long discontinuous reception (DRX) cycles or sleep lengths. A long DRX cycle may allow MTC systems and devices to operate with much longer DRX/Sleep cycles/periods. This may facilitate the MTC operations for infrequent system access or infrequent system reaching (e.g. paged once in a week) with no or low mobility and may allow MTC devices to sleep for a long time with low power consumption.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for priority handling for ProSe Communications. A relay wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may act as a relay between the network and the remote WTRU. The relay WTRU may receive a temporary mobile group identity (TMGI) request message from a remote WTRU. The TMGI request message may include a TMGI, a ProSe per packet priority level associated with the TMGI, etc. The relay WTRU may receive an evolved multimedia broadcast multicast service (eMBMS) data packet from a network. The eMBMS may be associated with the TMGI. The relay WTRU may apply the received ProSe per packet priority level associated with the TMGI to the received eMBMS data packet. The relay WTRU may relay the eMBMS data packet to the remote WTRU based on the ProSe per packet priority level. The relay WTRU may forward the eMBMS data packet to the remote WTRU via a PC5 interface.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) activating and/or deactivating user equipment (UE)/WTRU-provided data network (UPDN). The WTRU may advertise availability of UPDN a (e.g., 5G) network. A UPDN software application may be transferred onto and/or installed on a WTRU to implement a UPDN. A WTRU may be authenticated and/or authorized to a host for a given UPDN instance, UPDN installation and/or update may be configured if an authentication fails because a UPDN software application is not up-to-date and/or not installed. A WTRU may provide information to a service provider for installing UPDN and/or update UPDN software. Control connectivity and/or path selection for UPDN may be configured by one or more WTRU route selection policy (URSP) rules. A UPDN profile and/or UPDN subscription profile may be configured in a system (e.g., 5G system (5GS)). UPDN may be provisioned in a (e.g., 5G) network.

Abstract: A method implemented in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) of provisioning the WTRU for communication in a temporary local network includes transmitting, to an onboarding network, information regarding a capability of the WTRU to communicate with the temporary local network. Configuration information for temporary local network provisioning is received from the onboarding network. A message identifying a provisioning configuration for use by the WTRU with the temporary local network is received from the onboarding network, using the received configuration information. A message is sent to the temporary local network using the provisioning configuration.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, architectures and interfaces for a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) performing a client-side edge resolution function (cERF) are provided. A method may include any of: transmitting, to a network-side edge application resolver (nEAR), a signal requesting an IP address identifying (e.g.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, systems, etc., directed to support provisioning domains (PvDs) in 5G networks are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a network entity running a policy control function (PCF), may send to a wireless receive and transmit unit (WTRU) at least one WTRU route selection policy (URSP) rule associated with, for example, PvD descriptors. For example, URSP rules may be configured e.g., as part of the subscription profile and PvD descriptors may be configured e.g., as part of a network-wide configuration. An application function (AF) may use a network exposure function (NEF) application programming interface (API) to access and, for example, update, e.g. through any of NEF and PCF, any of URSP rules and PvD descriptors. According to embodiments, a WTRU may participate in a data network access identifier (DNAI) selection by including a PvD ID in, for example, PDU session establishment messages.

Abstract: Techniques may be used for restricted direct discovery in proximity services (ProSe). A ProSe function may receive from a discovery wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) a restricted ProSe Application identity (ID) of an application located at the discoverer WTRU requesting ProSe discovery. The ProSe function may derive a first and second ProSe codes for the discoveree WTRU and discoverer WTRU, and provide the ProSe codes to the discoverer and/or discoveree WTRUs. A ProSe application server may receive a revocation message from an announcing WTRU indicating a revoked WTRU. The ProSe application server may provide a ProSe discovery WTRU ID for the revoked WTRU to a ProSe Function. The ProSe function may instruct the announcing WTRU to stop announcing a ProSe code known by the revoked WTRU, and may provide a new ProSe code to at least one WTRU authorized to discover the announcing WTRU.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems for managing a connection state of a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) that is in Mobile Initiated Communication Only (MICO) mode are disclosed. One representative method may include the WTRU obtaining information indicating that the WTRU is to initiate registration prior to sending a Service Request (SR). The representative method may further include the WTRU sending a registration request in accordance with the obtained information and sending a SR after registering with a Network Entity.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for protocol data unit (PDU) session management over different access technologies (ATS) are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first message from a network over a first access technology. The first message may include an indication for the WTRU to reestablish resources for one or more protocol data unit (PDU) sessions over a second access technology. The WTRU may determine that a PDU session of the one or more PDU sessions is locally deactivated by the WTRU. The WTRU may send a second message via the first access technology. The second message may include a PDU session status information element (IE) indicating the PDU session is locally deactivated such that the network releases the PDU session.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described which perform bandwidth aggregation by simultaneously monitoring and processing a number of simultaneous, non-contiguous or contiguous component carriers in the downlink. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) can be configured by an evolved Node-B (eNodeB) to support additional component carriers. A pre-configured additional component carrier may be used. Various methods for activating and deactivating the additional component carrier are also described.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, architectures and interfaces for a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) performing a client-side edge resolution function (cERF) are provided. A method may include any of: determining a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) associated with a domain name server (DNS) request of an application associated with the WTRU; if the FQDN is associated with a valid edge instance (EI) record, selecting an EI for resolving the FQDN to an IP address; if the FQDN is not associated with a valid EI record: (1) transmitting a DNS query to a DNS server, (2) receiving an IP address associated with a selected EI to which the FQDN is resolved, and (3) updating the EI record with the IP address and the FQDN; and generating a traffic steering rule to re-direct uplink traffic associated with the application to the selected EI.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for protocol data unit (PDU) session management over different access technologies (ATS) are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first message from a network over a first access technology. The first message may include an indication for the WTRU to reestablish resources for one or more protocol data unit (PDU) sessions over a second access technology. The WTRU may determine that a PDU session of the one or more PDU sessions is locally deactivated by the WTRU. The WTRU may send a second message via the first access technology. The second message may include a PDU session status information element (IE) indicating the PDU session is locally deactivated such that the network releases the PDU session.

Abstract: Method, apparatus, and systems for transparent switching of service function identifiers in wireless communications are provided. In an example, a method for wireless communications comprises sending configuration information to one or more Service Function Endpoints (SFEs) using a programmable application programming interface (API), implementing the API as a programmable middleware, and registering each of the one or more SFEs with a respective identifier according to a service description at the programable middleware.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for reducing application instantiation delay and downtime are described herein. A method may comprise relocating an application function from a source Edge Data Network (EDN) component to a target EDN component. The method may comprise receiving an indication, and/or determining, based on at least one of a user mobility, resource optimization requirement, key performance indicator (KPI), or a failed relocation attempt, to relocate the application function. The method may further comprise performing a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session establishment procedure toward the target EDN component. The method may further comprise determining, based on one or more received parameters for edge usage and capabilities, to relocate the application function. The method may further comprise sending, to a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) orchestrator, an indication that the application function will be relocated.

Abstract: Method, apparatus, and systems for distribution of dynamic MAC addresses are provided. For example, a method implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for wireless communications includes receiving a message including port management information, determining configuration information from the port management information, where the configuration information indicates at least information related to a set of unicast or multicast addresses, and forwarding the configuration information to configure a Proxy using the information related to the set of unicast or multicast addresses.

Abstract: Procedures, mechanisms, methods, and techniques are provided that trigger power saving mode (PSM) functionality in the at least one wireless transmit receive units, group of WTRUs or subset of the group of WTRUs. The trigger may be in response to an application layer request to set one or more predetermined PSM settings, wherein the trigger originates from one or more application servers (APs) directed to a core network by way of an interface such as an SCEF that may be included on a device (e.g., a gateway, computing device, and/or the like) and may be configured for enabling the application server to request enabling and disabling PSM functionality.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for updating a sequence hopping (SH) pattern of an uplink channel during handover from a current cell having a current SH pattern. A method may include receiving, from a base station associated with current cell, a transmission including information indicating a handover command that instructs the WTRU to handover to a target cell. The handover command may include information indicating a SH enablement indication and a SH parameter. The SH enablement indication may indicate that SH is enabled for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission. A PUCCH transmission may be sent to a base station associated with the target cell, and the PUCCH transmission may include symbols derived from a sequence that is based on the SH parameter.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products are described herein for discovery, selection and optimal access to edge computing networks. A WTRU may identify relevant application servers, for example, based on application level procedures. A WTRU may derive a mapping, for example, from selected applications and an application function (AF) transaction ID. A WTRU may request access to an edge application server (EAS), for example, via a packet data unit PDU) session establishment or a PDU session modification procedure, e.g., based on an AF transaction ID. A WTRU may obtain a new EAS address, for example, based on receipt of a PDU session establishment and/or a modification accept message.

Abstract: A method addressing handover procedure failure or cancellation includes receiving, by a remote wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) connected to a source NodeB, a handover command to begin a handover procedure to establish a connection with a target NodeB on a network. A method may further include, on a condition that the handover procedure fails, transmitting, by a relay TRU, a handover failure/cancellation indication to the remote WTRU and cancelling, by the remote WTRU, the handover procedure. A method may also include initiating, by the remote WTRU, a radio resource control (RRC) re-establishment procedure to connect with the source NodeB or a new NodeB.

Abstract: Delivery mode switching between unicast and multicast/broadcast is described. A WTRU may move from a RAN node that supports multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS) session to one that does not support MBMS session, or vice versa. In order to avoid duplicated packet transmission, the unicast delivery mode may be deactivated when the WTRU decides to use multi-cast/broadcast session. When the multicast/broadcast session is not available, the WTRU may re-activate the unicast delivery mode for MBMS. For example, the PDU session for unicast delivery mode deactivation may be released and the PDU session for unicast delivery mode reactivation may be re-established. Such activity may necessitate additional signaling between WTRU and the network for PDU session establishment/release and all other services running in the PDU session may be interrupted.