Abstract: A process for reduction clearing dyed or printed polyester textiles, which comprises adding, to an acidic dyeing liquor or a wash bath, an aftertreatment composition comprising as components a) at least one compound of the formula (I) Am[(CR1R2)mSO2M]p,q  (I)  where A is NR33−q or OR42−p; p,q means q when A is NR33−q, and p when A is OR42−p; R1, R2, R4 are each hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl; R3 represents identical or different radicals selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl opt.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula where R1, R2, R3 and R4 have the meaning stated in the description, and a process for preparing them are described. The compounds are suitable as starting material for synthesizing substances which are active against tumors.

Abstract: A process for preparing N-protected N-alkylated amino acids of the formula I: in which the substituents have the meanings stated in the description, comprises mixing a compound of the formula II with a solution of potassium tert-butanolate in a non-protic organic solvent, and subsequently adding a C1-2-alkyl halide.

Abstract: A process for preparing pentapeptides of the formula I ##STR1## where A and R.sup.1 -R.sup.3 have the stated meanings, comprises assembling the pentapeptide stepwise starting from a prolinamide of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the abovementioned meanings, and eliminating the group --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 by hydrolysis where appropriate the peptide obtained in this way.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 have the meaning stated in the description, and a process for preparing them are described. The compounds are suitable as starting material for synthesizing substances which are active against tumors.

Abstract: The compound Me.sub.2 Val--Val--MeVal--Pro--Pro--NHBzl.multidot.HCl is described. It is prepared from Z--Val--Val--MeVal--Pro--OR.sup.1 where Z and R.sup.1 have the meanings stated in the description. The compound shows antineoplastic activity.

Abstract: A process for resolving the racemates of phenylacetonitriles of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and m have the meanings stated in the description is described. The process comprises dissolving the racemates I in a polar solvent, adding from 0.5 to 1.0 mol of optically active camphorsulfonic acid per mol of compound I, heating to 40.degree.-100.degree. C., allowing to cool and liberating the optically active phenylacetonitrile I from the salt obtained in this way.

Abstract: A process for preparing N-protected N-alkylated amino acids of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.s and R.sup.1 -R.sup.3 have the meanings indicated in the description comprises adding a compound of the abovementioned formula where R.sup.3 is hydrogen to a solution of a base in a non-protic solvent and subsequently adding an alkylating agent.

Abstract: Arylalkoxythiocoumarins of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, trifluoromethyl, phenyl or halogen, or together are a C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -alkylene chain, andX is oxygen or sulfur,R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl or halogen,n is an integer from 0 to 3,R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl andAr is phenyl, which can be mono- or disubstituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl or a combination of these substituents or is a heteraromatic ring which has from one to three heteroatoms which can, independently of one another, be N, O or S, and which can be substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, 5-6-membered oxacycloalkyl, benzyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkoxycarbonyl, perfluoro-C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for preparing 3,7-dialkylxanthines of the formula I ##STR1## (R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl) by the reaction of 4-amino-imidazolecarboxamide-(5) of the formula II ##STR2## with an alkali cyanate in aqueous solution at a pH of from 3 to 5 followed by cyclization of the resulting urea derivative at a pH of from 8 to 14.