Abstract: Compositions are described that include a betacryptoxanthin extract, rich in trans-betacryptoxanthin, which are prepared by a cost and time effective process and are for use in methods of enhancing cardio-respiratory fitness for physical performance and exercise endurance and to maintain healthy lung function. Betacryptoxanthin extract is prepared by a cost and time effective process of saponification and column chromatography, in which saponification cycle time, solvent amount, column separation time and silica amount are reduced, thus making it industrially viable. Betacryptoxanthin compositions increase exercise time, endurance performance, and lung capacity and maintain healthy lung and cardiovascular function during such physical activities. The compositions also improve physical performance, attenuate muscle fatigue, and enhance aerobic respiration utilization capacity.

Abstract: Capsicum compositions are described that include biologically active constituents non-capsaicinoids and capsaicinoids in a specific ratio are useful for the treatment and management of cardiometabolic syndrome and associated risk factors, in a subject in need thereof. The capsicum compositions include a capsicum extract which is prepared by extracting capsicum pods by using suitable polar and non-polar solvents. Capsicum compositions include non-capsaicinoid components like saponins and polyphenols such as flavonoids, which along with capsaicinoids effectively reduce risk factors of cardiometabolic syndrome and also reduce oxidative stress on vital body organs by reducing inflammatory and/or oxidative markers. The capsicum compositions inhibit pancreatic lipase enzyme and enhance lipolysis, when administered in an effective amount to a subject in need thereof. Capsicum compositions as described herein are prepared by human intervention and are safe for consumption.

Abstract: Beta-cryptoxanthin compositions and methods are described for the management of cardiometabolic syndrome and associated risk factors, in a subject, in need thereof. Methods herein are directed to identifying such subject at risk of developing cardiometabolic syndrome and administering beta-cryptoxanthin composition to assess the condition of an organ. Compositions and methods herein can effectively reduce risk factors of cardiometabolic syndrome, such as hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and/or related cardiovascular disorders. Beta-cryptoxanthin compositions and methods herein can reduce body weight, body fat, glucose levels, and free fatty acids, when administered in effective amounts. The compositions and methods herein can also reduce oxidative stress on organs such as the eye and liver and/or reduce inflammatory and/or oxidative markers, when administered to subjects in need thereof.

Abstract: Methods herein are described for improvement in visual function by administering macular carotenoid compositions containing an effective daily dose, to a subject in need thereof. More particularly, methods herein are described and include use of the compositions herein by identifying a subject in need thereof, administering a daily dose of lutein and/or zeaxanthin isomers, comprised of meso-zeaxanthin and R,R zeaxanthin, alone or in combination thereof, the composition also including at least one food grade excipient, and evaluating visual performance. The subject is exposed to light of variable wavelengths and intensity and is suffering from visual fatigue. The composition improves contrast sensitivity, glare performance, photo stress recovery, and/or macular pigment optical density, and thus alleviates visual fatigue. The composition is safe for human and other animals for consumption and can be used for improvement in visual health in the subject, when administered in an effective amount.

Abstract: Carotenoid compositions are described for management, treatment, and/or prevention of stress by reducing cortisol levels and/or improving distribution and/or density of macular pigment and thus improving overall health status. More particularly, a subject in need thereof for the method has disturbed macular pigment optical density or increased levels of cortisol as markers of psychological and physiological stress. Methods are also described of administering macular carotenoid compositions in daily doses of at least or about 0.005 mg/kg body weight of lutein, and at least or about 0.001 mg/kg body weight of meso-zeaxanthin and zeaxanthin isomer along with at least one food grade excipient and evaluating overall health status. The composition may be derived from plant extract containing xanthophylls and/or xanthophylls esters. The composition also reduces cortisol levels in the blood and relieves physiological stress, thus improving overall health status of a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: A method for protection, treatment and improvement of liver health includes administering a meso-zeaxanthin composition in an effective amount to a subject in need thereof. In particular, methods are described of administering a meso-zexanthin composition to a subject fed with high fat diet (HFD), and studying the effect of meso-zeaxanthin for treatment of fatty liver condition, through evaluation of various parameters such as biochemical indicators, anti-inflammatory markers, and nutritional markers.

Abstract: Curcumin compositions herein are described for improving muscle performance, endurance capacity and resistance to fatigue, when administered in effective amounts to a subject in need of such improvement. The compositions are comprised of curcumin and at least one pharmaceutically and/or nutraceutically acceptable excipient such as a hydrophilic carrier and exhibit enhanced bioavailability. More particularly methods are described and include use of curcumin compositions to increase exercise time, performance and capacity and to prevent muscle soreness, fatigue and injury. The compositions enhance mitochondrial biogenesis by modulating mitochondrial function, increasing mitochondrial mass and oxygen consumption, thus increasing mitochondrial aerobic capacity. The compositions reduce oxidative muscle stress, by decreasing inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory markers.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating, preventing, and improving conditions associated with cardiometabolic syndrome, by identifying a subject in need of treatment, prevention, or improvement of a condition associated with cardiometabolic syndrome, and providing a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising chromium and histidine, chromium histidinate complexes, or combinations thereof, to the individual.

Abstract: A Salacia composition described herein significantly reduces appetite, activates Hormone Sensitive Lipase, and manages a healthy lipid profile through inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase enzyme. Salacia compositions described herein include of at least 12% of polyphenols, 2% of mangiferin and 1% of 25,26-oxidofriedelane-1,3-dione by weight of the composition in the form of extract. The composition is obtained by continuous solvent extraction, employing non-aqueous food grade solvents. Salacia compositions herein reduce appetite by about 18% of routine diet, when effective amounts are administered to a subject in need thereof. Effective management of a healthy lipid profile is thus possible with synergistic combination of reduction in energy intake, activation of Hormone Sensitive Lipase, and inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase enzyme responsible for cholesterol metabolism.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating, preventing, and improving conditions associated with cardiometabolic syndrome, by identifying a subject in need of treatment, prevention, or improvement of a condition associated with cardiometabolic syndrome, and providing a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising chromium and histidine, chromium histidinate complexes, or combinations thereof, to the individual.

Abstract: A method of treating impaired memory and/or cognitive function by administering one or more chromium complexes, for example chromium picolinate, to an individual in need of improved memory and/or cognitive function. This method is used to improve memory and/or cognitive function associated with various disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Chromium complexes for treating memory or cognitive impairment are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating, preventing, and improving conditions associated with cardiometabolic syndrome, by identifying a subject in need of treatment, prevention, or improvement of a condition associated with cardiometabolic syndrome, and providing a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising chromium and histidine, chromium histidinate complexes, or combinations thereof, to the individual.

Abstract: A method for preventing and treating a variety of disease states and disorders is provided, comprising the administration of an arginine silicate inositol complex to an individual in the presence of medical therapy or absence of medical therapy. Examples of said disease states and disorders include bone and cartilage disorders and cardiovascular disease and its associated micro and macro vascular complications including infections and inflammation of all these diseases in combination or without. Advantageously, the amount of arginine silicate inositol complex administered per day is between about 2 mg/Kg body weight to 2,500 mg/Kg body weight or from a low dose to a higher dose to observe normal metabolic functions and healthy and the delivery is parenteral, oral or intravenous or topical by solid or liquid or both.

Abstract: A method for preventing and treating a variety of disease states and disorders is provided, comprising the administration of an arginine silicate inositol complex to an individual in the presence of medical therapy or absence of medical therapy. Examples of said disease states and disorders include bone and cartilage disorders and cardiovascular disease and its associated micro and macro vascular complications including infections and inflammation of all these diseases in combination or without. Advantageously, the amount of arginine silicate inositol complex administered per day is between about 2 mg/Kg body weight to 2,500 mg/Kg body weight or from a low dose to a higher dose to observe normal metabolic functions and healthy and the delivery is parenteral, oral or intravenous or topical by solid or liquid or both.

Abstract: A method for treating dyslipidemia and/or post prandial hyperglycemia by administering a combination of a chromium complex and biotin to an individual in need thereof is disclosed. The two compounds are administered orally or parenterally in daily dosages which provide between 25 ?g and 1,000 ?g of chromium and between 25 ?g and 20 mg biotin. A method for reducing the glycemic index of food is similarly provided.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting drug-induced insulin resistance is provided which includes administering a dietary chromium complex to an individual receiving a contemporaneous dose of a drug that induces insulin resistance, wherein the amount of chromium complex administered is an amount effective to inhibit the development of insulin resistance. Advantageously, the amount of chromium complex administered per day is between about 300 and 1,000 micrograms per day. Compositions including a drug which induces insulin resistance in combination with a chromium complex are similarly described.

Abstract: A method for preventing and treating a variety of disease states and disorders is provided, comprising the administration of an arginine silicate inositol complex to an individual in the presence of medical therapy or absence of medical therapy. Examples of said disease states and disorders include bone and cartilage disorders and cardiovascular disease and its associated micro and macro vascular complications including infections and inflammation of all these diseases in combination or without. Advantageously, the amount of arginine silicate inositol complex administered per day is between about 2 mg/Kg body weight to 2,500 mg/Kg body weight or from a low dose to a higher dose to observe normal metabolic functions and healthy and the delivery is parenteral, oral or intravenous or topical by solid or liquid or both.

Abstract: A method for treating dyslipidemia and/or post prandial hyperglycemia by administering a combination of a chromium complex and biotin to an individual in need thereof is disclosed. The two compounds are administered orally or parenterally in daily dosages which provide between 25 &mgr;g and 1,000 &mgr;g of chromium and between 25 &mgr;g and 20 mg biotin. A method for reducing the glycemic index of food is similarly provided.