Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to three-dimensional printing kits, methods of making magnetic three-dimensional printed articles, and systems for three-dimensional printing. In one example, a three-dimensional printing kit can include a powder bed material, a fusing agent, and a magnetic agent. The powder bed material can include polymer particles. The fusing agent can include water and a non-magnetic radiation absorber. The non-magnetic radiation absorber can absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat. The magnetic agent can include a dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles.

Abstract: In an example of a method for three-dimensional (3D) printing, a polymeric or polymeric composite build material is applied. A dielectric agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material. The dielectric agent includes a dielectric material having an effective relative permittivity (?r) value ranging from 1.1 to about 10,000. A fusing agent is selectively applied on the at least the portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material, and the polymeric or polymeric composite build material is exposed to radiation to fuse the at least the portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material to form a region of a layer of a 3D part. The region exhibits a dielectric property, a piezoelectric property, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In an example implementation, a method of determining liquid agent amounts in 3D printing includes measuring density levels of a build material at locations across a build material layer and determining if the measured density levels vary from expected density levels. For locations where measured density levels vary from expected density levels, an adjusted liquid agent dose is determined, and for locations where measured density levels do not vary from expected density levels, an expected liquid agent dose is determined. The adjusted and expected liquid agent doses are deposited onto the layer at locations corresponding with the adjusted and expected liquid agent doses.

Abstract: A method for additive manufacturing includes: forming a three-dimensional object by: depositing a layer of a powdered build material onto a surface; selectively depositing a liquid comprising a susceptor onto the layer of the powdered build material in a pattern; and heating the object by electromagnetic radiation with a microwave or radio wave frequency, in an atmosphere including oxygen, to a temperature sufficient to sinter the powdered build material.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions, kits, methods, and systems for printing metal three-dimensional objects. In an example, described is a binding fluid composition for three-dimensional printing, the composition comprising: an aqueous liquid vehicle comprising at least one diol; and latex polymer particles dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle.

Abstract: Described herein are kits, methods, and systems for printing metal three-dimensional objects. In an example, described is a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing comprising: a first fluid comprising a first liquid vehicle comprising metal or metal precursor particles; and a second fluid comprising a second liquid vehicle comprising latex polymer particles dispersed therein, wherein the latex polymer particles have an average particle size of from about 10 nm to about 300 nm, and wherein the metal or metal precursor particles comprise metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles and a reducing agent, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Described herein are kits, methods, and systems for printing metal three-dimensional objects. In an example, described is a kit for three-dimensional printing comprising: powdered metal build material; and a binding fluid comprising a liquid vehicle, metal or metal precursor particles, and latex polymer particles dispersed in the liquid vehicle, wherein the latex polymer particles have an average particle size of from about 10 nm to about 300 nm, and wherein the metal or metal precursor particles comprise metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles and a reducing agent, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: In a three-dimensional printing method example, a polymeric or polymeric composite build material is applied. A fusing agent is applied on at least a portion of the build material. The fusing agent includes an aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle and an inorganic pigment dispersed in the aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle, wherein the inorganic pigment is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum hexaboride, tungsten bronzes, indium tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, ruthenium oxide, silver, gold, platinum, iron pyroxenes, modified iron phosphates (AxFeyPO4), modified copper pyrophosphates (AxCuyP2O7), and combinations thereof. The build material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, thereby fusing the portion of the build material in contact with the fusing agent to form a layer.

Abstract: In an example of a method for three-dimensional (3D) printing, metallic build material layers are patterned to form an intermediate structure. During patterning, a binding agent is selectively applied to define: a build material support structure and a patterned intermediate part. Also during patterning, i) the binding agent and a separate agent including an etch sensitizer or ii) a combined agent including a binder and the etch sensitizer are selectively applied to define a patterned etchable connection between at least a portion of the build material support structure and at least a portion patterned intermediate part. The intermediate structure is heated.

Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to material sets, methods and printed articles and container supports. In one example, a material set can include a particulate fusible build material a particulate fusible build material having an average particle size ranging from about 0.01 ?m to about 200 ?m. The material set can also include a fusing ink including a fusing agent in a first liquid vehicle, wherein the fusing agent fuses the particulate fusible build material when exposed to electromagnetic energy or thermal energy. The material set can also include a binding ink including a binding agent in a second liquid vehicle, wherein the binding agent temporarily binds the particulate fusible build material when exposed to moderate temperatures ranging from ambient to 150° C.

Abstract: In an example of a method for three-dimensional (3D) printing, build material layers are patterned to form an intermediate structure. During patterning, a binding agent is selectively applied to define: a build material support structure and a patterned intermediate part. Also during patterning, i) the binding agent and a separate agent including a gas precursor or ii) a combined agent including a binder and the gas precursor are selectively applied to define a patterned breakable connection between at least a portion of the build material support structure and at least a portion patterned intermediate part. The intermediate structure is heated to a temperature that activates the gas precursor to create gas pockets in the patterned breakable connection.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing kit can include a binder fluid, a gas-precursor fluid, and a particulate build material including metal particles. The binder fluid can include latex particles and an aqueous liquid vehicle. The gas-precursor fluid can include carbon black pigment dispersed in a second aqueous liquid vehicle.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing kit can include a particulate build material including from about 80 wt % to 100 wt % metal particles based on the total weight of the particulate build material, and a binder fluid. The binder fluid can include water, latex particles in an amount of from about 1 wt % to about 40 wt % based on the total weight of the binder fluid, and a multihydrazide adhesion promoter in an amount of from about 0.05 wt % to about 3 wt % based on the total weight of the binder fluid.

Abstract: An example inkjet primer fluid includes an alkoxysilane, a surfactant, a co-solvent, and a balance of water; and is at least substantially colorless. In an example method, a primer fluid, including an alkoxysilane, a surfactant, a co-solvent, and a balance of water, is thermal inkjet printed from a thermal inkjet printhead to form a silicon dioxide film on a resistor. Then, a jettable composition, including suspended nanoparticles, is thermal inkjet printed from the thermal inkjet printhead. In another example method, suspended nanoparticles, an alkoxysilane, and a growth mediator are combined to form a mixture. The mixture is heated to a temperature ranging from about 60° C. to about 80° C. and stirred for about 12 hours to about 36 hours to form silicon dioxide coated, suspended nanoparticles. Then, a surfactant, a zwitterionic stabilizer, a co-solvent, and a balance of water are added to the mixture to form a stabilized, jettable composition.

Abstract: An example of a dispersion includes cesium tungsten oxide nanoparticles, a zwitterionic stabilizer, and a balance of water. An example of a jettable composition includes cesium tungsten oxide nanoparticles, a zwitterionic stabilizer, a surfactant, a co-solvent, and a balance of water. A method for improving the stabilization of a jettable composition includes incorporating a zwitterionic stabilizer in the jettable composition, which includes the cesium tungsten oxide nanoparticles, the surfactant, the co-solvent, and the balance of water.

Abstract: In an example of a method for three-dimensional (3D) printing, a polymeric or polymeric composite build material is applied. A dielectric agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material. The dielectric agent includes a dielectric material having an effective relative permittivity (?r) value ranging from 1.1 to about 10,000. A fusing agent is selectively applied on the at least the portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material, and the polymeric or polymeric composite build material is exposed to radiation to fuse the at least the portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material to form a region of a layer of a 3D part. The region exhibits a dielectric property, a piezoelectric property, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In a three-dimensional printing method example, a polymeric or polymeric composite build material is applied. A fusing agent is applied on at least a portion of the build material. The fusing agent includes an aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle and a plasmonic resonance absorber having absorption at wavelengths ranging from 800 nm to 4000 nm and having transparency at wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 780 nm dispersed in the aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle. The build material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, thereby fusing the portion of the build material in contact with the fusing agent to form a layer.

Abstract: In a three-dimensional printing method example, a build material is applied. A first liquid functional material is applied on at least a portion of the build material. The first liquid functional material includes ferromagnetic nanoparticles that are selected from the group consisting of an iron oxide, a ferrite, a combination of the iron oxide and a ferromagnetic metal oxide, and combinations thereof. The build material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation having a frequency ranging from about 5 kHz to about 300 GHz to sinter the portion of the build material in contact with the first liquid functional material.

Abstract: According to an example, in a method, a radiation source that is to output radiation at a preset energy level onto a surface of a three-dimensional (3D) printed object may be activated. In addition, the radiation source may be deactivated after a predefined period of time sufficient to cause an outer portion of about a predetermined thickness of the surface of the 3D printed object to begin to melt to finish the surface of the 3D printed object.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing kit can include a binder fluid and a particulate build material. The particulate build material can include metal particles in an amount from about 95 wt % to about 99.995 wt % and carbon black particles in an amount from about 0.005 wt % to about 2 wt %, wherein weight percentages are based on a total weight of the particulate build material.