Abstract: A data processing apparatus includes N apparatus input ends, an input switch, K cache areas, a first output switch, a second output switch, and M apparatus output ends. N input ends of the input switch are coupled to the N apparatus input ends, and K output ends of the input switch correspond to the K cache areas. K1 input ends of the first output switch correspond to K1 cache areas in the K cache areas, and M output ends of the first output switch are coupled to the M apparatus output ends. K2 input ends of the second output switch correspond to K2 cache areas in the K cache areas except the K1 cache areas, and M output ends of the second output switch are coupled to the M apparatus output ends.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a switch fabric system, the system including M first crossbar units (CUs) and N second CUs, where each first CU includes L first input ports, a first arbiter, a first crossbar, and N first output ports. Each second CU includes M second input ports, a second arbiter, a second crossbar, and one second output port. M×N first output ports of the M first CUs are respectively coupled to N×M second input ports of the N second CUs, where N first output ports of each first CU are respectively coupled to and in a one-to-one correspondence with one second input port of each second CU in the N second CUs. In the example system, N equals M×L, and M, N, and L are all positive integers.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to the communications field, and provide a multi-chassis cascading apparatus. The apparatus includes a line card chassis LCC, where a fabric interface chip FIC and a switch element SE 1/3 are deployed in each line card chassis LCC; the fabric interface chip FIC is connected to the switch element SE 1/3 that is located in the same line card chassis LCC as the fabric interface chip FIC is; and a switch element SE 2 is deployed in each line card chassis LCC; the switch element SE 1/3 is connected to the switch element SE 2 that is located in the same line card chassis LCC as the switch element SE 1/3 is; and the switch element SE 1/3 is connected to the switch element SE 2 that is located in another line card chassis LCC.

Abstract: Methods of diagnosis and/or prognosis of malignant disease from pleural effusion samples are disclosed. The methods typically include determining the normalized intensity of one or more biomarkers, such as acetone and 3-hydroxybutyate, in pleural effusion samples using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), such as proton NMR (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Reference values for malignant disease diagnosis using the disclosed biomarkers are provided. Reference values for prognosis of median survival time based on the disclosed biomarkers are also provided.

Abstract: A cell processing method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: obtaining, by a first sending end, a first timestamp compensation time; adding, by the first sending end, the first timestamp compensation time to a first timestamp carried in a first cell, where the first timestamp is a sending time of the first cell; and sending, by the first sending end to a receiving end, the first cell that is added with the first timestamp compensation time, so that the receiving end forwards the first cell according to the first timestamp that is added with the first timestamp compensation time. In the present invention, a first timestamp compensation time is added to a first timestamp carried in a first cell, which improves cell forwarding efficiency of the receiving end and prevents the occurrence of cell accumulation in a link.

Abstract: Methods of classifying pleural fluid are disclosed. The methods typically include determining the level of indicator nanoparticles, such as lipids, particularly large lipids, in the pleural fluid of a subject. The level of lipids can be determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), such as proton NMR (1H-NMR) by measuring the NMR signal corresponding to methyl protons, methylene protons, methene protons, or combinations thereof. The level of large lipids in pleural fluid can be carried out in vitro on a sample of pleural fluid obtained from the subject or in vivo using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The pleural fluid can be classified as exudate or transudate with a sensitivity, selectivity, or combination thereof of 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or higher, a selectivity of 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%. The method can be coupled with diagnosing and/or treating the subject with a disease, disorder, or condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a data transmission method including: sending, by a transmitter, a source data frame to a receiver, and saving the source data frame; sending, by the transmitter, other data frames to the receiver, and saving the other data frames; receiving, by the transmitter, a data retransmission notification which is related to the source data frame and sent by the receiver; and retrieving, by the transmitter, the source data frame and other data frames from a storage space, where the other data frames are sent by the transmitter to the receiver in a time period from sending the source data frame by the transmitter to receiving the data retransmission notification by the transmitter, and retransmitting the source data frame and the other data frames to the receiver.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for forwarding traffic of a switching system. The switching system includes a first LCC, at least one second LCC, and at least one third LCC that are interconnected according to a mesh form topology; and the method includes: receiving, by the first LCC, a packet, and parsing the packet to acquire a destination address of the packet; and when the destination address indicates that the packet is to be sent to the third LCC, if a currently preset configuration mode of the switching system is a first configuration mode, bearing, by the first LCC, the packet on a third link, and forwarding the packet to the third LCC, where the first configuration mode indicates that an N-hop mode is currently applied to the switching system, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 3.

Abstract: Methods of diagnosis and/or prognosis of malignant disease from pleural effusion samples are disclosed. The methods typically include determining the normalized intensity of one or more biomarkers, such as acetone and 3-hydroxybutyate, in pleural effusion samples using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), such as proton NMR (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Reference values for malignant disease diagnosis using the disclosed biomarkers are provided. Reference values for prognosis of median survival time based on the disclosed biomarkers are also provided.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for forwarding traffic of a switching system. The switching system includes a first LCC, at least one second LCC, and at least one third LCC that are interconnected according to a mesh form topology; and the method includes: receiving, by the first LCC, a packet, and parsing the packet to acquire a destination address of the packet; and when the destination address indicates that the packet is to be sent to the third LCC, if a currently preset configuration mode of the switching system is a first configuration mode, bearing, by the first LCC, the packet on a third link, and forwarding the packet to the third LCC, where the first configuration mode indicates that an N-hop mode is currently applied to the switching system, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 3.

Abstract: A cell processing method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: obtaining, by a first sending end, a first timestamp compensation time; adding, by the first sending end, the first timestamp compensation time to a first timestamp carried in a first cell, where the first timestamp is a sending time of the first cell; and sending, by the first sending end to a receiving end, the first cell that is added with the first timestamp compensation time, so that the receiving end forwards the first cell according to the first timestamp that is added with the first timestamp compensation time. In the present invention, a first timestamp compensation time is added to a first timestamp carried in a first cell, which improves cell forwarding efficiency of the receiving end and prevents the occurrence of cell accumulation in a link.

Abstract: Methods of classifying pleural fluid are disclosed. The methods typically include determining the level of indicator nanoparticles, such as lipids, particularly large lipids, in the pleural fluid of a subject. The level of lipids can be determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), such as proton NMR (1H-NMR) by measuring the NMR signal corresponding to methyl protons, methylene protons, methene protons, or combinations thereof. The level of large lipids in pleural fluid can be carried out in vitro on a sample of pleural fluid obtained from the subject or in vivo using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The pleural fluid can be classified as exudate or transudate with a sensitivity, selectivity, or combination thereof of 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or higher, a selectivity of 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%. The method can be coupled with diagnosing and/or treating the subject with a disease, disorder, or condition.

Abstract: A data communication method and a data communication apparatus are provided. The method mainly includes: receiving, by an adapter card, information elements sent by a first switching network board, in which a format of the information element is an information element format capable of being identified by the first switching network board; and performing, by the adapter card, format conversion on the information elements according to an information element format capable of being identified by a second switching network board, and sending the converted information elements to the second switching network board. In this manner, different types of switching network boards can be interconnected and communicate with each other, so as to implement data transmission between network devices having different structures.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention discloses a data switching method and a switching device, which relates to network technologies. The method is easy to implement, and saves system resources. In unicast switching, resource used for cells reordering at the egress is greatly reduced; in multicast switching, the scheduling is easy and the data pass rate is high. The data switching method includes: receiving a switching request for switching a cell; arbitrating the switching request and obtaining an arbitration result; and performing corresponding switching for the cell, where the switching includes unicast switching and multicast switching, according to the arbitration result.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to the communications field, and provide a multi-chassis cascading apparatus. The apparatus includes a line card chassis LCC, where a fabric interface chip FIC and a switch element SE 1/3 are deployed in each line card chassis LCC; the fabric interface chip FIC is connected to the switch element SE 1/3 that is located in the same line card chassis LCC as the fabric interface chip FIC is; and a switch element SE 2 is deployed in each line card chassis LCC; the switch element SE 1/3 is connected to the switch element SE 2 that is located in the same line card chassis LCC as the switch element SE 1/3 is; and the switch element SE 1/3 is connected to the switch element SE 2 that is located in another line card chassis LCC.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for buffering a cell by a crossbar switching matrix, which includes: sending a jitter timestamp to a switching port connected to the crossbar switching matrix through a link, and receiving a cell that is sent by the switching port and carries the jitter timestamp, in which the jitter timestamp indicates a jitter of the link itself; and using a sum of the jitter timestamp carried in the cell and a relative delay timestamp of the corresponding link as a total timestamp, and storing the cell in a buffering unit corresponding to the total timestamp in a cell buffer of the link, in which the relative delay timestamp indicates a difference of a delay of the link relative to a delay of a lowest link.

Abstract: The present invention provides a data transmission method including: sending, by a transmitter, a source data frame to a receiver, and saving, the source data frame; sending, by the transmitter, other data frames to the receiver, and saving the other data frames; receiving, by the transmitter, a data retransmission notification which is related to the source data frame and sent by the receiver; and retrieving, by the transmitter, the source data frame and other data frames from a storage space, where the other data frames are sent by the transmitter to the receiver in a time period from sending the source data frame by the transmitter to receiving the data retransmission notification by the transmitter, and retransmitting the source data frame and the other data frames to the receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for allocating storage addresses are disclosed. The method includes: receiving a storage address allocation request; searching a level-2 bitmap in a hierarchical bitmap in bidirectional mode; outputting an idle bit according to the result of searching in the level-2 bitmap; obtaining a storage address according to the output idle bit, and allocating the storage address. The apparatus includes: a first receiving module, configured to receive a storage address allocation request; a first searching module, configured to search a level-2 bitmap in a hierarchical bitmap in bidirectional mode for an idle bit, wherein the hierarchical bitmap includes N level-1 bitmaps and the level-2 bitmap; and an allocating module, configured to: obtain a storage address according to the output idle bit in the level-2 bitmap, and allocate the obtained storage address.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for buffering a cell by a crossbar switching matrix, which includes: sending a jitter timestamp to a switching port connected to the crossbar switching matrix through a link, and receiving a cell that is sent by the switching port and carries the jitter timestamp, in which the jitter timestamp indicates a jitter of the link itself; and using a sum of the jitter timestamp carried in the cell and a relative delay timestamp of the corresponding link as a total timestamp, and storing the cell in a buffering unit corresponding to the total timestamp in a cell buffer of the link, in which the relative delay timestamp indicates a difference of a delay of the link relative to a delay of a lowest link.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and materials for prognosing survival of lung cancer patients, the methods comprising the detection of gains and losses of minimal common regions and/or genes associated with prognosis and benefit of chemotherapy.