Abstract: The present disclosure relates to substituted phenyl sulfonyl phenyl triazole thiones, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and methods of using them.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions methods of using liposomally encapsulated therapeutic drugs, such as staurosporine. Further provided herein are methods of using the liposome compositions to treat a cancer.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions methods of using liposomally encapsulated therapeutic drugs, such as staurosporine. Further provided herein are methods of using the liposome compositions to treat a cancer.

Abstract: There are provided, inter alia, compositions including a scintillator nanocrystal linked to a chemical agent moiety through a scintillator-activated photocleavable linker, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of preparing conjugates of bioactive compounds and site-specific compounds in which covalent bonding between the compounds is effected by interfacial condensation while protecting the active binding sites from the condensation reaction. This provides very high yields of the bioactive, site-specific conjugate, the products are homogeneous and it provides novel conjugate products. It is of particular advantage for monoclonal antibodies conjugated with cytotoxic agents.

Abstract: Mono-layer thin film membranes are provided which are ultraporous. Such mono-layers are formed having a thickness on the order of about 1.2 to 150 nanometers, by a variety of polymerization, cross-linking, and film treatment processes to achieve the development of controlled pore sizes in the ultraporous size range corresponding to molecular weight cutoff values of from 500 to about 1,000,000. Such thin film mono-layer membranes are ordinarily supported on a microporous support material, desirably a microporous polymer membrane having a smooth, microporous skin with pore sizes in the range of from about 0.1 microns to about 3 microns, preferably from about 0.1 microns to about 0.5 microns, in diameter. There may be an intermediate gel layer. These membranes are useful for ultraporous, dialysis, and molecular separations.

Abstract: An enzyme reactor system is provided based on the entrapment of a coenzyme-requiring enzyme, a coenzyme, and a regeneration enzyme in a hydrogel layer coated on a support, and confined by an ultraporous thin film semipermeable membrane. The diffusion barrier confines the coenzyme-requiring enzyme, coenzyme, and regeneration enzyme but lets substrate and reaction products, exclusive of coenzyme, diffuse freely into and out of the hydrogel layer. In an alternate embodiment, the support is formed of an ultraporous thin film semipermeable membrane on a microporous or macroporous support, through which the reaction products, exclusive of coenzyme, can diffuse freely, but through which neither coenzyme-requiring enzyme, coenzyme, regeneration enzyme, nor substrate can pass. In this embodiment, the product is recovered in high purity, free of substrate, coenzyme-requiring enzyme, coenzyme, and regeneration enzyme.

Abstract: An enzyme reactor system is provided based on the entrapment of an enzyme in a hydrogel layer coated on a support, and confined by an ultraporous thin film membrane diffusion barrier. The diffusion barrier confines the enzyme, but lets substrate and reaction products diffuse feeely into and out of the hydrogel layer. In an alternate embodiment, the support is formed of an ultraporous thin film membrane diffusion barrier on a microporous or macroporous support, through which the reaction products can diffuse freely, but through which neither enzyme nor substrate can pass. In this embodiment, the product is recovered in high purity, free of substrate and enzyme.

Abstract: A bioreactor is disclosed in which cells are confined to a compartment formed by porous hydrophyllic sheet membranes through which a nutrient solution diffuses in and exocellular products and metabolic waste diffuse out. Adjacent gas compartments allow the flow of free oxygen into the cell compartment. Each cell compartment is configured to place cells within about 100-200 micrometers of the oxygen transport membrane.

Abstract: Mono-layer thin film membranes are provided which are ultraporous. Such mono-layers are formed having a thickness on the order of about 1.2 to 150 nanometers, by a variety of polymerization, cross-linking, and film treatment processes to achieve the development of controlled pore sizes in the ultraporous size range corresponding to a molecular weight cutoff values of from about 500 to about 1,000,000. Such thin film mono-layer membranes are ordinarily supported on a microporous support material, desirably a microporous polymer membrane having a smooth, microporous skin with pore sizes in the range of from about 0.1 microns to about 3 microns, preferably from about 0.1 microns to about 0.5 microns, in diameter. There may be an intermediate gel layer. These membranes are useful for ultrafiltration, dialysis, and molecular separations.

Abstract: Fully aromatic polyamide (aramid) resins can be cast into ultraporous and microporous membranes by forming a solution of the resin in an amount sufficient to cast a coherent membrane, diluting the solution with a liquid pore modifier which is a nonsolvent for the resin so as to produce a metastable dispersion of the resin, adding a precipitant to form a turbid casting dope, casting the dope onto a surface, and gelling the so-cast film.

Abstract: Adherent, PTFE coatings on polymer surfaces can be produced at temperatures well below the sintering temperature of PTFE, by contacting the surface with a dilute dispersion of PTFE particles and heating the surface to its softening point (in the vicinity of its glass transition temperature) to dry it and to cause the individual particles to become embedded in and surrounded by the polymer.

Abstract: In applications involving interleaving membranes with separators, for bioreactors, dialyzers, and membrane filters and the like, shrinkage of the separator, preferably made of polypropylene, polyamides, or polyethylene terephthlate fiber web, is avoided, and the need for the use of exotic and expensive fluorinated hydrocarbon polymer materials for such separators is avoided by subjecting the separator to untensioned heating at temperatures of from about b 120 l degrees C., up to a temperature less than the glass transition or melting temperature of the polymer web under wet steam at a pressure of from about 1.0 to about 2.0 atmospheres for a time of at least about 20 minutes.

Abstract: Mono-layer thin film membranes are provided which are ultraporous. Such mono-layers are formed having a thickness on the order of about 1.2 to 150 nanometers, by a variety of polymerization, cross-linking, and film treatment processes to achieve the development of controlled pore sizes in the ultraporous size range corresponding to a molecular weight cutoff values of from about 500 to about 1,000,000. Such thin film mono-layer membranes are ordinarily supported on a microporous support material, desirably a microporous polymer membrane having a smooth, microporous skin with pore sizes in the range of from about 0.1 microns to about 3 microns, preferably from about 0.1 microns to about 0.5 microns, in diameter. There may be an intermediate gel layer. These membranes are useful for ultrafiltration, dialysis, and molecular separations.

Abstract: There is disclosed, in one aspect, an improved highly asymmetric membrane comprising a skin and a porous asymmetric support. The skin contains pores which have an mean pore diameter of from about 0.005 to about 3.0 microns and the asymmetric support comprises a reticulated structure which contains pores which have pore diameters of from about 10 to about 20,000 times as large as the pore diameter of the pores of the skin. The membrane has a bulk porosity greater than about 70%. In another aspect, there is disclosed a process for preparing these membranes. This process comprises casting a polymer dope while the dope is in an unstable liquid dispersion condition. The concentration of polymer in the polymer dope should be high enough to produce a coherent membrane yet low enough to form a substantially all-reticulated structure within the asymmetric support. The membranes are characterized by high flow rates, excellent retention properties, and improved resistance to fouling.

Abstract: Improved ultraporous and microporous membranes are provided with an entirely reticulated structure free of large finger voids. The reticulated support structure has gradually increasing pore size which reaches a maximum of from about 10 to about 20,000 times the diameter of the skin pores at the opposite face. The skin is very thin and has controllable highly uniform skin pores of from about 0.003 to about 3.0 microns in diameter. The structure offers highly desirable properties to such membranes.

Abstract: Semi-permeable, porous membranes useful as filtration and reverse osmosis membranes can have or can consist of a porous layer of a hydrophobic polymer rendered hydrophilic at its surface by the presence of a surfactant containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups, the surfactant being bonded to the polymer. Such a membrane may be made by quenching a previously made dry membrane in a solution of the surfactant and then banking the membrane. Such a membrane may also be made by contacting a membrane manufactured by quenching a dope of the hydrophobic polymer with such a solution of the surfactant prior to the membrance being dried after being formed by quenching. Such a membrane can also be made by forming a dope of the hydrophobic polymer and the surfactant and then quenching the dope to form the membrane, this quenching serving to contact the membrane with the surfactant as it is being formed.

Abstract: A hydrophilic surface can be provided on a hydrophobic polymer surface by contacting the hydrophobic surface with a solution of a hydroxyalkyl cellulose and a perfluorocarbon surfactant in water or a mixture of water and one or more aliphatic alcohols so as to form a layer of the solution on the hydrophobic surface and then heating the surface coated with the layer so as to remove the solvent, so as to form a bond between the cellulose and the hydrophobic surface. This results in the formation of a hydrophilic surface coating a layer on the hydrophobic surface. Hydrophilic surfaces as are created in this manner are primarily intended to be utilized on polysulfone surfaces in semipermeable membranes such as are utilized in micro- and ultra-filtration.

Abstract: Membranes which are useful in ultrafiltration processes are prepared by casting films from solutions of heteroaromatic polymers and subsequently quenching these films into solvents which cause gelation of the polymers. Examples of polymers employed in the preparation of microporous membranes are: poly-as-triazines, polyquinoxalines, poly (pyrazinoquinoxalines), polyquinolines and poly (anthrazolines). Membrane properties such as solvent flux, specific water content and pore size are readily controlled by proper choice of polymer concentration, solvents, and the addition of nonsolvents, salts and/or surfactants to the casting solutions.

Abstract: Semipermeable membranes which are useful in reverse osmosis processes are prepared by forming a polymeric ultra-thin film which possesses semipermeable properties on a microporous support. An example of the composite semipermeable membrane comprising an ultra-thin film formed by contacting an amine modified polyepihalohydrin with a polyfunctional agent and depositing this film on one surface of a microporous substrate.