Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method, a network element, and a system for determining a target RAT. The method includes: receiving, by an access network element, access control information of a UE that is sent by a mobility management network element, where the access control information includes an identity of a PLMN and a radio access technology RAT allowed and/or a RAT not allowed by the PLMN; and determining, by the access network element, a target RAT for the UE according to the access control information.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a flexible touch substrate and a method for fabricating the same, and a touch display device and relate to touch control technology. Deformation or crack of the touch electrode pattern when the flexible touch substrate is bent, and can realize large curvature bending. The flexible touch substrate includes a flexible base substrate, touch electrode patterns disposed on a first surface of the flexible base substrate, and at least one groove on at least one of the first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface of the flexible base substrate, wherein a projection of the groove on the base substrate is within a projection of a gap between the touch electrode patterns on the base substrate.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a local area network communication method, a device, and a system. The method includes: A session management network element obtains, in a session management process, an address or a virtual local area network identifier VID information of user equipment UE corresponding to each 5G local area network 5GLAN service accessed by a session, and obtains service area information of each 5GLAN service from a local area network controller LAN Controller. The SMF subscribes to, from a mobility management network element, a mobility event that is based on each 5GLAN service, and obtains a mobility event report that is based on a service area of the SMF, and a corresponding 5GLAN identifier. The SMF updates a rule of a corresponding session in a user plane network element based on the mobility event report.

Abstract: A local area network communication method, a device, and a system, to implement private communication across session management network elements for a local area network service. The method includes: determining, based on indication information of a local area network, first path information associated with a first address, where the first path information indicates routing data whose destination address is the first address to a first user plane network element, and where the first user plane network element provides access to the local area network for a terminal corresponding to the first address; and sending a first message to a second session management network element, for configuring a first routing rule on the second user plane network element, where the first routing rule includes the indication information of the local area network, the first address, and the first path information.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a charging management method, a user plane function entity, and a control plane function entity. The method includes: receiving, by a UP, a first usage reporting rule (URR) and a second URR sent by a CP, where the first URR is correlated with the second URR; when usage information on the UP reaches a threshold of the first URR, obtaining, by the UP, usage information corresponding to the first URR and usage information corresponding to a third URR correlated with the first URR; and sending, by the UP to the CP, the usage information corresponding to the first URR and the usage information corresponding to the third URR, so that the CP generates a charging data record based on the usage information corresponding to the first URR and the usage information corresponding to the third URR.

Abstract: A local area network (LAN) communication management method includes obtaining, by an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element, registration area information of the terminal, the LAN identifier (ID) of the terminal, and the service area information corresponding to the LAN ID, determining, by the AMF network element, LAN communication area information of the terminal based on the registration area information of the terminal and the service area information corresponding to the LAN ID, sending, by the AMF network element, LAN information of the terminal to the terminal, where the LAN information of the terminal includes the LAN ID and the LAN communication area information of the terminal, and managing, by the terminal, LAN communication of the terminal based on the LAN information.

Abstract: A downlink data notification message sending method and apparatus are disclosed. In an embodiment a method includes receiving, a delay instruction from a mobility management network element, which is used to instruct a control plane network element to delay sending a DDN message, receiving, an event report message includes a reported event from a user plane network element, and the reported event is used to notify the control plane network element that a downlink data packet sent to UE matches no bearer, determining, that the UE is registered in the mobility management network element, and if the control plane network element has not received, within a first time period, routing information of a base station, sending, the DDN message to the mobility management network element when the first time period expires.

Abstract: The embodiment of the present application relates a user plane resource management method, a user plane network element, and a control plane network. The method carried out by a user plane network element includes: receiving a data transmission channel establishment request message sent by a control plane network element, where the data transmission channel establishment request message is used to instruct the user plane network element to establish a data transmission channel; establishing the data transmission channel based on current user plane resource status information, and assigning a channel identifier marking the data transmission channel; and sending, the channel identifier to the control plane network element.

Abstract: An Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation method and a device to resolve a technical problem that an IP address conflict occurs when a control plane device and a user plane device allocate an IP address for one user equipment (UE) at the same time. When receiving a session establishment request message, a control plane network device may determine whether a first user plane network device is capable of allocating an IP address for a terminal device. If the first user plane network device is capable of allocating the IP address for the terminal device, the control plane network device may send an address allocation indication to the first user plane network device.

Abstract: A mixer assembly for an exhaust aftertreatment system includes a first support ring. The first support ring defines a plurality of first slots angularly spaced apart from each other. A second support ring spaced apart from the first support ring defines a plurality of second slots angularly spaced apart from each other. A plurality of blades extends between the first support ring and the second support ring. Each of the plurality of blades is coupled to each of the first support ring and the second support ring. Each of the plurality of blades includes a base. The base includes a first connecting portion engaged with a corresponding first slot from the plurality of first slots and a second connecting portion engaged with a corresponding second slot from the plurality of second slots. At least one tab extends outwardly from the base at an angle relative to the base.

Abstract: A service continuity ensuring method, a control plane gateway, and a mobility management network element, where the method includes: receiving, by a control plane gateway (C-GW), current location information of a user equipment (UE) sent by a mobility management network element; selecting, by the C-GW, at least one forwarding distributed gateway (D-GW) for the UE according to the current location information of the UE; establishing, by the C-GW for the UE, a data forwarding tunnel between a source D-GW of the UE and the forwarding D-GW; and establishing a data forwarding tunnel between the forwarding D-GW and a target base station of the UE, where the data forwarding tunnels are used to transmit uplink user plane data and/or downlink user plane data of the UE in a moving process of the UE.

Abstract: The embodiment of the present application relates a user plane resource management method, a user plane network element, and a control plane network. The method carried out by a user plane network element includes: receiving a data transmission channel establishment request message sent by a control plane network element, where the data transmission channel establishment request message is used to instruct the user plane network element to establish a data transmission channel; establishing the data transmission channel based on current user plane resource status information, and assigning a channel identifier marking the data transmission channel; and sending, the channel identifier to the control plane network element.

Abstract: An IP address allocation method and a device are provided, so as to resolve a technical problem that an IP address conflict occurs when a control plane device and a user plane device allocate an IP address for one UE at the same time. When receiving a session establishment request message, a control plane network device may determine whether a first user plane network device is capable of allocating an IP address for a terminal device. If the first user plane network device is capable of allocating the IP address for the terminal device, the control plane network device may send an address allocation indication to the first user plane network device.

Abstract: A downlink data notification message sending method and apparatus are disclosed. In an embodiment a method includes receiving, a delay instruction from a mobility management network element, which is used to instruct a control plane network element to delay sending a DDN message, receiving, an event report message includes a reported event from a user plane network element, and the reported event is used to notify the control plane network element that a downlink data packet sent to UE matches no bearer, determining, that the UE is registered in the mobility management network element, and if the control plane network element has not received, within a first time period, routing information of a base station, sending, the DDN message to the mobility management network element when the first time period expires.

Abstract: Provided is a no-liquid cell-core for a lithium slurry battery. The no-liquid cell-core comprises multiple positive electrode pieces and negative electrode pieces overlapping alternately. The positive electrode piece comprises an electric-conductive cathode layer and a cathode surface current-collecting layer, wherein the electric-conductive cathode layer contains a part or all of the electric-conductive cathode particles in accumulated state without adhesive bonding, and the cathode surface current-collecting layer is set on the surface of the electric-conductive cathode layer and contacted with it tightly. The negative electrode piece comprises an electric-conductive lithium-intercalatable anode layer which is a lithium-containing metal body and/or a layer containing a part or all of electric-conductive lithium-intercalatable anode particles in accumulated state without adhesive bonding. The peripheral edges of the positive electrode piece and/or the negative electrode piece are insulated and sealed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and system for evaluating the macro resilience of offshore oil well control equipment. The method for evaluating the macro resilience of offshore oil well control equipment comprises six steps: determining the type and strength of external disaster; calculating the failure rate of components; calculating the recovery rate of the components; modeling the BN for a degradation process; modeling the BN for a maintenance process; and calculating the resilience of the offshore oil well control equipment. A system for evaluating the macro resilience of offshore oil well control equipment comprises an external disaster evaluation module, a component failure rate calculation subsystem, a reliability degradation process simulation module, a fault identification module, a component recovery rate calculation module, a reliability recovery process simulation module, a reliability change curve derivation unit and an resilience calculation unit.

Abstract: A service continuity ensuring method, a control plane gateway, and a mobility management network element, where the method includes: receiving, by a control plane gateway (C-GW), current location information of a user equipment (UE) sent by a mobility management network element; selecting, by the C-GW, at least one forwarding distributed gateway (D-GW) for the UE according to the current location information of the UE; establishing, by the C-GW for the UE, a data forwarding tunnel between a source D-GW of the UE and the forwarding D-GW, and a data forwarding tunnel between the forwarding D-GW and a target base station of the UE, where the data forwarding tunnels are used to transmit uplink user plane data and/or downlink user plane data of the UE in a moving process of the UE.

Abstract: A lithium slurry battery system is provided. The system includes a lithium slurry battery and a maintenance and regeneration equipment for the battery. The battery includes: a case, a cell core accommodated in the case, and a cover butting device. The case is provided with a cover and a case body. The cover butting device is arranged on the cover and is provided with a first cover port and a second cover port. The maintenance and regeneration equipment includes: a gas storage tank for storing gas, a liquid storage tank for storing liquid; a gas recovery storage tank for storing gas recovered from the lithium slurry battery; a liquid recovery storage tank for storing liquid recovered from the lithium slurry battery; and an equipment butting device provided with a first equipment port and a second equipment port.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a charging management method, a user plane function entity, and a control plane function entity. The method includes: receiving, by a UP, a first usage reporting rule (URR) and a second URR sent by a CP, where the first URR is correlated with the second URR; when usage information on the UP reaches a threshold of the first URR, obtaining, by the UP, usage information corresponding to the first URR and usage information corresponding to a third URR correlated with the first URR; and sending, by the UP to the CP, the usage information corresponding to the first URR and the usage information corresponding to the third URR, so that the CP generates a charging data record based on the usage information corresponding to the first URR and the usage information corresponding to the third URR.

Abstract: A downlink data notification message sending method and apparatus are disclosed. In an embodiment a method includes receiving, by a user plane network element, a downlink data packet to be sent to a user equipment (UE) and sending, by the user plane network element, an event report message to a control plane network element, wherein the event report message includes a reported event, and wherein the reported event notifies the control plane network element that the downlink data packet matches no bearer.