Abstract: A frequency detector includes a multi-phase clock generation unit, a sampling unit connected to the multi-phase clock generation unit and a digital logic unit connected to the sampling unit. An inputted single-phase clock is received by the multi-phase clock generation unit and transformed into a multi-phase clock. Inputted random data are received by the sampling unit and sampled by the multi-phase clock. Each data bit of the random data is divided into several sampling intervals according to a phase number of the multi-phase clock. The digital logic unit analyses sampling values logically, judges the corresponding sampling interval of each sampling value and outputs signals for indicating that a frequency of the random data is higher or lower than the frequency of the single-phase clock based on differences in the corresponding sampling intervals of the sampling values at two adjacent times. A method for detecting frequencies is further provided.

Abstract: A high-speed latch circuit includes a latching unit for latching an inputted signal, a signal input unit connected to the latching unit and a clock control unit connected to the signal input unit. The clock control unit includes a first switch element, a second switch element connected to the first switch element and an inverter connected to the second switch element. The first switch element and the inverter are both connected to a clock signal input end. The high-speed latch circuit of the present invention has a simple circuit structure, shortens the triggering time of the signal and reduces chances of wrong triggering.

Abstract: A frequency multiplier system, for outputting a single phase clock of N multiplied frequency after processing an inputted clock, N?2, includes a frequency divider receiving the inputted clock, an interpolator connected with the frequency divider, a phase equalizer connected with the interpolator, and a combinational logic circuit connected with the phase equalizer, wherein the frequency divider outputs an orthogonal clock having a two-phases frequency that is a half of the inputted clock to the interpolator, the interpolator outputs a 2N-phases clock to the phase equalizer, the phase equalizer homogenizes a phase skew of the 2N-phases clock, the combinational logic circuit synthesizes the homogenized 2N-phases clock into a single phase clock of N multiplied frequency. And a method of multiplying frequency is provided. The present invention does not need feedback circuits, and therefore is stable and fast-speed , saves area, and reduces energy consumption.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a wafer stage is provided. First, a wafer stage with a wafer thereon is provided. Second, a leveling scanning step is carried out to examine the evenness of the wafer. The wafer is removed from the wafer stage once an abnormal evenness is detected. Afterwards, a vacuum cleaner device is used to in-situ clean the surface of the wafer stage after the wafer is removed.

Abstract: A duty cycle correction method comprises detecting independently a relative delay time of two input differential signals; equating the sum of two relative delay time with the cycle of the input differential signals; and adjusting the two delay time to the same value. A corresponding implementation circuit comprises two time delay units; two correlation phase detectors connecting simultaneously with each of the two time delay units; a charge pump connecting with the output of each of the two correlation phase detectors, with its output connecting to the two time delay units in order to form a loop; and a synthesis output unit connecting with both the time delay units, thereby generating output signals. The adjusting range of duty cycle becomes much wider. The implementation circuit is absolutely symmetrical, so a duty cycle with high accuracy can be obtain.

Abstract: A dynamic adaptive terminal load adjustment method includes comparing a voltage on an on-chip termination impedance driven by an on-chip current source with a voltage of a band gap reference circuit to get an optimal trimming parameter by an adaptive control mechanism, wherein the optimal trimming parameter is applied to a terminal by an output control circuit to have a feedback control. The present invention is on-chip so the cost is saved. The terminal is separated from the adjusting circuit, thus the present invention has a good dynamic performance. Compared with laser trimming, no expensive cost is needed in the present invention. The present invention saves an IO pin without an external device, has the good temperature characteristic and high resistance regulation accuracy. Furthermore, the adjusting circuit is separated from the terminal load circuit by high matching of relative resistance of CMOS process, thus reducing the adverse impact.

Abstract: A stage by stage delay current-summing slew rate controller includes a delay controller, a delay cell array, a current source array, a switch array, a load. The delay cell array includes N delay cells, the switch array includes N switches, and the switch includes N current sources, wherein N>1. The delay controller is connected with the control ports of the delay cells respectively, and the delay cells are connected with the control terminal of the switches respectively. One of the connecting terminals of the switch is connected with the output end of the current source, and the other end of the connecting terminals of the switch is connected with one end of the load, and the other end of the load is connected to the ground.

Abstract: A stage by stage delay current-summing slew rate controller includes a delay controller, a delay cell array, a current source array, a switch array, a load. The delay cell array includes N delay cells, the switch array includes N switches, and the switch includes N current sources, wherein N>1. The delay controller is connected with the control ports of the delay cells respectively, and the delay cells are connected with the control terminal of the switches respectively. One of the connecting terminals of the switch is connected with the output end of the current source, and the other end of the connecting terminals of the switch is connected with one end of the load, and the other end of the load is connected to the ground.

Abstract: This invention provides isolated nucleic acids encoding mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, purified mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, vectors comprising nucleic acid encoding mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, cells comprising such vectors, antibodies directed to mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, nucleic acid probes useful for detecting nucleic acid encoding mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, antisense oligonucleotides complementary to unique sequences of nucleic acid encoding mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, transgenic, nonhuman animals which express DNA encoding normal or mutant mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, methods of isolating mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, methods of treating an abnormality that is linked to the activity of the mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, as well as methods of determining binding of compounds to mammalian SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors, methods of identifying agonists and antagonists of SNORF62 and SNORF72 receptors

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a load lock to be on standby after loading a plurality of substrates in cooperation with a transfer means adapted to transfer the substrates from process chambers in turn. The present invention provides the load lock which increases the transfer rate thereof to efficiently transfer the substrates to the process chambers or the exterior, and a load lock chamber using the load lock. According to the present invention, the load lock includes a plurality of substrate support panels which support the substrates thereon, are movable vertically, and are spaced apart from each other by a distance that is greater than the thickness of the substrate, and drive units for vertically moving at least one of the substrate support panels.

Abstract: This invention provides a recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid encoding a mammalian SNORF65 receptor, wherein the mammalian receptor-encoding nucleic acid hybridizes under high stringency conditions to a nucleic acid encoding a human SNORF65 receptor and having a sequence identical to the sequence of the human SNORF65 receptor-encoding nucleic acid contained in plasmid pEXJ.T3T7-hSNORF65-f (Patent Deposit Designation No. PTA 1226). This invention further provides a recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid encoding a human SNORF65 receptor, wherein the human SNORF65 receptor comprises an amino acid sequence identical to the sequence of the human SNORF65 receptor encoded by the shortest open reading frame indicated in FIGS. 1A-1B (SEQ ID NO: 1).

Abstract: This invention provides a method of treating a subject suffering from an abnormality which comprises administering to the subject an amount of a SNORF11 receptor agonist effective to treat the subject's abnormality. This invention further provides a method of treating pain, particularly chronic pain, chronic inflammatory pain and arthritic pain, which comprises administering to the subject an amount of a SNORF11 receptor agonist effective to treat the subject's pain.

Abstract: This invention provides a recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid encoding a mammalian SNORF9 receptor, wherein the mammalian receptor-encoding nucleic acid hybridizes under high stringency conditions to a nucleic acid encoding a human SNORF9 receptor and having a sequence identical to the sequence of the human SNORF9 receptor-encoding nucleic acid contained in plasmid pEXJ-hSNORF9-f (Patent Deposit Designation No. PTA ______). This invention further provides a recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid encoding a human SNORF9 receptor, wherein the human SNORF9 receptor comprises an amino acid sequence identical to the sequence of the human SNORF9 receptor encoded by the shortest open reading frame indicated in FIGS. 1A-1B (SEQ ID NO: 1).

Abstract: This invention provides a recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid encoding a mammalian SNORF49 receptor, wherein the mammalian receptor-encoding nucleic acid hybridizes under high stringency conditions to a nucleic acid encoding a human SNORF49 receptor and having a sequence identical to the sequence of the human SNORF49 receptor-encoding nucleic acid contained in plasmid pEXJ.T73BS-hSNORF49-f (Patent Deposit Designation PTA-659). This Invention further provides a recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid encoding a human SNORF49 receptor, wherein the human SNORF49 receptor comprises an amino acid sequence identical to the sequence of the human SNORF49 receptor encoded by the shortest open reading frame indicated in FIGS. 1A-1B (SEQ ID NO: 1).

Abstract: This invention provides a recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid encoding a mammalian SNORF11 receptor, wherein the mammalian receptor-encoding nucleic acid hybridizes under high stringency conditions to (a) a nucleic acid encoding a human SNORF11 receptor and having a sequence identical to the sequence of the human SNORF11 receptor-encoding nucleic acid contained in plasmid pEXJRHT3T7-hSNORF11-f (ATCC Accession No. ______ ) or (b) a nucleic acid encoding a rat SNORF11 receptor and having a sequence identical to the sequence of the rat SNORF11 receptor-encoding nucleic acid contained in plasmid pcDNA3.1-rSNORF11-f (ATCC Accession No. ______ ). This invention further provides a recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid encoding a human SNORF11 receptor, wherein the human SNORF11 receptor comprises an amino acid sequence identical to the sequence of the human SNORF11 receptor encoded by the shortest open reading frame indicated in FIGS. 1A-1B (Seq. I.D. No. 1).

Abstract: An in vitro method for screening Glycine max cells for resistance to a disease caused by Phialophora gregata, brown stem rot, is disclosed. The method is useful for identifying brown stem rot resistant soybean varieties. Means for selecting mutant soybean cells for resistance to a toxin produced by P. gregata is also provided, as are cells and plants selected by this process. The invention involves culture of soybean calli in the presence of a filtrate of used fungal growth medium.