Abstract: Nature is capable of storing solar energy in chemical bonds via photosynthesis through a series of C—C, C—O and C—N bond-forming reactions starting from CO2 and light. Direct capture of solar energy for organic synthesis is a promising approach. Lead (Pb)-halide perovskite solar cells reach 24.2% power conversion efficiency, rendering perovskite a unique type material for solar energy capture. We show that photophysical properties of perovskites is useful in photoredox organic synthesis. Because the key aspects of these two applications are both relying on charge separation and transfer. Here we demonstrated that perovskites nanocrystals are exceptional candidates as photocatalysts for fundamental organic reactions, i.e. C—C, C—N and C—O bond-formations. Stability of CsPbBr3 in organic solvents and ease-of-tuning their bandedges garner perovskite a wider scope of organic substrate activations.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a coupled polymer product comprising polymer with up to four polymer chains bonded to a functionalizing compound of formula II, wherein the polymer chains are comprised of conjugated diene-containing monomers optionally in combination with vinyl aromatic monomers and further include vinyl group-functionalized silane compound of formula I bonded within the polymer chain. Also disclosed are processes for producing the coupled polymer product as well as a rubber composition containing the coupled polymer product and tire components comprising the rubber composition.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for determining flow measurement values of a Coriolis mass flowmeter in the presence of a two-phase flow of a two-phase medium having a gas phase and the subsequent presence of a single-phase flow of a single-phase medium not having a gas phase. The method includes: detecting a start time of a two-phase measurement interval at an onset of the two-phase flow; detecting an end time of the two-phase measurement interval at an end of the presence of the two-phase flow; determining and at least partially storing two-phase flow measurement values of the two-phase flow; determining at least one state variable of the single-phase medium; determining subsequently corrected two-phase flow measurement values as at least indirect input variables of a correction calculation; and outputting the corrected two-phase flow measurement values as individual values or as part of a cumulative flow measurement value.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a functionalized diene monomer-containing polymer containing first and second functionalizing groups, processes for preparing the functionalized polymer, and rubber compositions containing the functionalized polymer. The functionalized polymer contains polymer chains comprises of at least one conjugated diene monomer optionally in combination with at least one vinyl aromatic monomer wherein each polymer chain is functionalized at its chain end with at least the first functionalizing group and is coupled via the first functionalizing group to the second functionalizing group.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus comprises a first fixing device and a second fixing device. The first fixing device is adapted to position and fix a circuit board having at least one pad. The first fixing device has a first positioning groove adapted to position the circuit board. The second fixing device is adapted to position and fix at least one wire. The second fixing device has at least one second positioning groove adapted to position the at least one wire. Each second positioning groove is aligned with a corresponding pad on the circuit board so that the wire in the second positioning groove is aligned with the corresponding pad on the circuit board.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a terminal-functionalized polymer, rubber compositions containing the polymer, and related processes for preparing the polymer. The functionalizing compound used to prepare the terminal-functionalized polymer has a specified formula which includes a silicon atom and a moiety containing at least two carbon-carbon double bonds in a conjugated configuration.

Abstract: Vulcanizates with desirable properties can be obtained from compounds incorporating polymers that include hydroxyl group-containing aryl functionalities. The functionalities can be incorporated by using any or all of appropriate initiators, monomers and optional terminating compounds. Such polymers exhibit excellent interactivity with both conventional and non-conventional fillers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are terminal-functionalized polymers functionalized with silicon-containing functionalizing agents, rubber compositions including the polymers, methods for improving the cold flow resistance of a polymer, methods for improving the filler dispersion of a silica-filled rubber composition, and processes for preparing the terminal-functionalized polymer.

Abstract: A fixing device adapted to fix at least one needle-shaped member comprises a fixing base and a fixing mechanism. The fixing base has at least one positioning groove disposed at a front end of the fixing base. The needle-shaped member is adapted to be positioned in the positioning groove. The fixing mechanism has at least one pressing protrusion at a front end of the fixing mechanism. The pressing protrusion is adapted to press and hold the needle-shaped member in the positioning groove.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a functionalized diene monomer-containing polymer containing first and second functionalizing groups, processes for preparing the functionalized polymer, and rubber compositions containing the functionalized polymer. The functionalized polymer contains polymer chains comprises of at least one conjugated diene monomer optionally in combination with at least one vinyl aromatic monomer wherein each polymer chain is functionalized at its chain end with at least the first functionalizing group and is coupled via the first functionalizing group to the second functionalizing group.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a terminal-functionalized polymer, rubber compositions containing the polymer, and related processes for preparing the polymer. The functionalizing compound used to prepare the terminal-functionalized polymer has a specified formula which includes a silicon atom and a moiety containing at least two carbon-carbon double bonds in a conjugated configuration.

Abstract: Vulcanizates with desirable properties can be obtained from compounds incorporating polymers that include hydroxyl group-containing aryl functionalities. The functionalities can be incorporated by using any or all of appropriate initiators, monomers and terminating compounds. Such polymers exhibit excellent interactivity with both conventional and non-conventional fillers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are coupled polymer products comprising polymer with up to five polymer chains bonded to a functionalizing compound of either formula (II) or formula (III), wherein the polymer chains are comprised of conjugated diene-containing monomers optionally in combination with vinyl aromatic monomers and further include vinyl group-functionalized aminosilane compound of formula (I) bonded within the polymer chain. Also disclosed are processes for producing the coupled polymer products as well as a rubber composition containing the coupled polymer product and tire components comprising the rubber composition.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a fin structure and an isolation layer formed on the substrate and adjacent to the fin structure. The semiconductor device includes a gate structure formed on at least a portion of the fin structure and the isolation layer. The semiconductor device includes an epitaxial layer including a strained material that provides stress to a channel region of the fin structure. The epitaxial layer has a first region and a second region, in which the first region has a first doping concentration of a first doping agent and the second region has a second doping concentration of a second doping agent. The first doping concentration is greater than the second doping concentration. The epitaxial layer is doped by ion implantation using phosphorous dimer.

Abstract: An ethylenically unsaturated polymer includes at a terminus the radical of an allylic compound that includes a functional group free of active hydrogen atoms that is bonded to the allylic C atom through a S, P, Si or Sn atom and a vinyl aromatic compound. The polymer can be used as a component of a variety of elastomeric compounds used in the production of vulcanizates.

Abstract: An adapter module includes a bottom housing segment, a top housing segment and a circuit board. The bottom housing segment is structured to mount to a topside of an external circuit board as a first type of component. The circuit board is structured to mount to an interior region of the bottom housing segment. The top housing segment is pivotably connected to the bottom housing segment to move between a closed position and an open position, where in the open position, the interior region can be exposed to allow for the one or multiple components to be accessed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a gate disposed over the substrate, a source/drain disposed in the substrate at two sides of the gate, and an insulating layer disposed over sidewalls of the gate and at least a portion of a surface of the source/drain. In some embodiments, the insulating layer includes a first side facing the gate or the source, and includes a second side opposite to the first side. The insulating layer includes dopants, and a concentration of the dopants is reduced from the second side to the first side of the insulating layer.

Abstract: Embodiments include Multiple Gate Field-Effect Transistors (MuGFETs) and methods of forming them. In an embodiment, a structure includes a substrate, a fin, masking dielectric layer portions, and a raised epitaxial lightly doped source/drain (LDD) region. The substrate includes the fin. The masking dielectric layer portions are along sidewalls of the fin. An upper portion of the fin protrudes from the masking dielectric layer portions. A first spacer is along a sidewall of a gate structure over a channel region of the fin. A second spacer is along the first spacer. The raised epitaxial LDD region is on the upper portion of the fin, and the raised epitaxial LDD region adjoins a sidewall of the first spacer and is disposed under the second spacer. The raised epitaxial LDD region extends from the upper portion of the fin in at least two laterally opposed directions and a vertical direction.

Abstract: A wire processing apparatus comprises a frame, a clamping device mounted on the frame and adapted to clamp a wire to be processed, and a straightening and cutting device mounted on the frame. The straightening and cutting device is adapted to press a conductor of the wire into a straight shape and cut the conductor to a predetermined length after pressing.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a fin structure and an isolation layer formed on the substrate and adjacent to the fin structure. The semiconductor device includes a gate structure formed on at least a portion of the fin structure and the isolation layer. The semiconductor device includes an epitaxial layer including a strained material that provides stress to a channel region of the fin structure. The epitaxial layer has a first region and a second region, in which the first region has a first doping concentration of a first doping agent and the second region has a second doping concentration of a second doping agent. The first doping concentration is greater than the second doping concentration. The epitaxial layer is doped by ion implantation using phosphorous dimer.