Abstract: An individual article management system for managing an individual article distributed through a plurality of sites with a form thereof changed at least one of the plurality of sites. Each of the information processing apparatuses transmits read identification information and formed index data to a data center apparatus through a network, and the data center apparatus, receives the transmitted identification information and the transmitted index data, and stores each of the received index data into a storing apparatus so as to be associated with each other on the basis of the identification information for identifying the individual article.

Abstract: This provides a semiconductor laser device of a high light output efficiency, which is high in current confinement effect, small in leak current, and favorable in temperature property, and indicates a low threshold current, and can effectively confine laser light to a stripe region, and is favorable in beam profile. This semiconductor laser device (100) includes the laminated structure of an n-AlInP clad layer (103), a superlattice active layer section (104), a p-AlInP first clad layer (105), a GaInP etching stop layer (106) are formed, and on top of that, there are a p-AlInP second clad layer (107), a GaInP protective layer (108) and a p-GaAs contact layer (109), which are processed into a stripe-shaped ridge.

Abstract: An individual article management system for managing an individual article distributed through a plurality of sites with a form thereof changed at least one of the plurality of sites. Each of the information processing apparatuses transmits read identification information and formed index data to a data center apparatus through a network, and the data center apparatus, receives the transmitted identification information and the transmitted index data, and stores each of the received index data into a storing apparatus so as to be associated with each other on the basis of the identification information for identifying the individual article.

Abstract: Traceability arrangements for managing an individual article distributed through a plurality of sites with a form thereof changed at at least one of the plurality of sites, the traceability arrangements including: receiving, from information processing apparatuses installed at each of the plurality of sites, both identification information read from a tag attached to each individual article for identifying the article, and index information including change information indicating a change in distribution situation and form of a predetermined individual article; associating and storing the received change information with one another in accordance with the identification information; accepting an input of search condition information including the identification information; and specifying a distribution route of the each individual article based on the accepted search condition information.

Abstract: A glass composition of the present invention relates to a multicomponent oxide glass composition manufactured by melting glass raw materials, which contains: 10 ppm or more of at least one type of a polyvalent element; minimum valence cations of the polyvalent element in a ratio of the minimum valence cation content to the total polyvalent element content of 5 to 98% in mass ratio; and 0.01 to 2 ?l/g (0° C., 1 atm) of helium.

Abstract: Similar document retrieving method and system for retrieving similar documents from a document database storing plural documents written in different languages with high accuracy while suppressing retrieval noise even when difference is found in the number of registered documents in dependence on the species of description languages. Statistical information concerning the registration-subjected documents is collected on a language-by-language basis upon registration thereof. Upon retrieval of documents similar to a query document, weights of words extracted from the query document are taken into account and on a language-by-language basis by referencing the statistical information.

Abstract: Traceability arrangements for managing an individual article distributed through a plurality of sites with a form thereof changed at at least one of the plurality of sites, the traceability arrangements including: receiving, from information processing apparatuses installed at each of the plurality of sites, both identification information read from a tag attached to each individual article for identifying the article, and index information including change information indicating a change in distribution situation and form of a predetermined individual article; associating and storing the received change information with one another in accordance with the identification information; accepting an input of search condition information including the identification information; and specifying a distribution route of the each individual article based on the accepted search condition information.

Abstract: The display device can reduce a burden on a user. The display device includes a plurality of input terminals to receive a plurality of display signals, respectively. A digital input terminal is included in the input terminals. The display device also includes a display signal processing section to select one of the display signals. The display device also includes a first memory section to store first display specification information, a second memory section to store second display specification information, and a memory shift switch to connect the first or second memory section to the digital input terminal. The display device also includes a display control section to control the operation of the display signal processing section and the memory shift switch. The first and second display specifications information is specifications information for display signals introduced to the digital input terminal.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser element having an advantageous vertical light confinement efficiency, a low threshold current and a low element resistance is provided. The semiconductor laser element has a substrate and a stacked structure formed thereon, where the stacked structure comprises a buffer layer, an n-Al0.6Ga0.4As cladding layer, an n-Al0.47Ga0.53As cladding layer, an active layer, a p-Al0.47Ga0.53As first cladding layer, an Al0.55Ga0.45As etching stop layer, a p-Al0.47Ga0.53As second cladding layer, a p-Al0.6Ga0.4As third cladding layer, and a p-GaAs contact layer. The second and third cladding layers, and the contact layer are formed as a stripe-patterned ridge, and serve as a current injection regions. Both lateral portions of the ridge are filled with an n-type current blocking layer and serve as non-current-injection regions.

Abstract: A similar document search method includes a step of extracting a characteristic word candidate as a candidate for a characteristic word from a seeds document including desired retrieval contents, a step of extracting as characteristic words of the seeds document, when the characteristic word candidate extracted by the extracting step is a compound characteristic word including a plurality of characteristic words, the compound characteristic word and constituent characteristic words included in the compound characteristic word from the characteristic word candidate, a step of calculating, according to the characteristic words extracted by the extracting step, similarity between the seeds document and a registration document, and a step of outputting as a retrieval result a result of the similarity calculated by the similarity calculating step.

Abstract: In a traceability system, information of a change in distribution situation and form of an individual article, and information of identification of the individual article is collected from each of distribution sites, and collected information is strung in accordance with a predetermined rule. A flow of distribution is known and managed based on the strung information. This makes it possible to know a location from which the individual article is distributed and a route through which the individual article is distributed, thus allowing safety management of the individual article.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser element having an advantageous vertical light confinement efficiency, a low threshold current and a low element resistance is provided. The semiconductor laser element has a substrate and a stacked structure formed thereon, where the stacked structure comprises a buffer layer, an n-Al0.6Ga0.4As cladding layer, an n-Al0.47Ga0.53As cladding layer, an active layer, a p-Al0.47Ga0.53As first cladding layer, an Al0.55Ga0.45As etching stop layer, a p-Al0.47Ga0.53As second cladding layer, a p-Al0.6Ga0.4As third cladding layer, and a p-GaAs contact layer. The second and third cladding layers, and the contact layer are formed as a stripe-patterned ridge, and serve as a current injection regions. Both lateral portions of the ridge are filled with an n-type current blocking layer and serve as non-current-injection regions.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser element having an advantageous vertical light confinement efficiency, a low threshold current and a low element resistance is provided. The semiconductor laser element has a substrate and a stacked structure formed thereon, where the stacked structure comprises a buffer layer, an n-Al0.6Ga0.4As cladding layer, an n-Al0.47Ga0.53As cladding layer, an active layer, a p-Al0.47Ga0.53As first cladding layer, an Al0.55Ga0.45As etching stop layer, a p-Al0.47Ga0.53As second cladding layer, a p-Al0.6Ga0.4As third cladding layer, and a p-GaAs contact layer. The second and third cladding layers, and the contact layer are formed as a stripe-patterned ridge, and serve as a current injection regions. Both lateral portions of the ridge are filled with an n-type current blocking layer and serve as non-current-injection regions.

Abstract: In a structured document managing method and system for managing a structured document formed by a plurality of elements, any file forming a registered document is selected as an object of updating from relationship data indicating an entity structure and a logical structure of the registered document and the data content of the selected update object file is updated. There is generated partial relationship data which indicates an entity structure and a logical structure of the update object file after updating. Relationship data of the registered document is updated by use of the generated partial relationship data. Thereby, a logical structure and an entity structure possessed by a document are managed in association with each other in a mutually convertible form.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing 5-iodo-2-methylbenzoic acid through iodination of 2-methylbenzoic acid, the process including, as essential steps, a reaction step of iodinating 2-methylbenzoic acid in the presence of a microporous compound, iodine, an oxidizing agent, and acetic anhydride, and a purification step including sublimation, distillation, crystallization, or a combination of two or more of these. According to the present invention, 5-iodo-2-methylbenzoic acid, which is useful for producing functional chemicals such as drugs, can be produced at high purity and high yield in a simple manner. Since the production process includes a simple reaction step and a simple separation/purification step, the load of purification is mitigated. In addition, the microporous compound such as a zeolite catalyst which has been separated and recovered from the reaction mixture can be repeatedly employed after performing of a simple treatment.

Abstract: Provided is a production method for an iodine compound in which iodine is reacted with a substrate in the presence of a porous material having a pore diameter of 500 nm or less or in the presence of the above porous material and an oxidizing agent and a production process for high purity 5-iodo-2-methylbenzoic acid comprising an iodination reaction step carried out by the above-mentioned, a crystal precipitation and separation step in which a product is precipitated by adding water or cooling and then separated and a purification step in which crystal separated is recrystallized using an organic solvent. According to the production method for an iodine compound described above, iodine can be introduced into various substrates at a high selectivity. Since expensive metals and specific reagents do not have to be used, it can readily be carried out in an industrially scale, and the product having a high purity can be obtained.

Abstract: In a traceability system, information of a change in distribution situation and form of an individual article, and information of identification of the individual article is collected from each of distribution sites, and collected information is strung in accordance with a predetermined rule. A flow of distribution is known and managed based on the strung information. This makes it possible to know a location from which the individual article is distributed and a route through which the individual article is distributed, thus allowing safety management of the individual article.

Abstract: A display system includes N display devices that are connected in order from the first display device to the Nth (N is an integer of 2 or more) display device. Each display device includes a storage portion for holding its own display specification information, a memory portion, and a data processing portion. The data processing portion of the Nth display device reads the Nth display device's display specification information from the storage portion of the Nth display device and stores this display specification information in the memory portion of the Nth display device as Nth optimum display specification information.

Abstract: A laser emitting head for irradiating a portion to be machined with laser beams outputted from a laser unit (624) incorporates an emitting head body having a light guide member (625) in the head for guiding the laser beams; a light converging lens (677) for converging the laser beams transmitted from the light guide member in the head; a reflecting mirror (678) for irradiating the portion to be machined with the converged laser beams; mirror rotating means (684) for holding the reflecting mirror to be rotative around the optical axis of the laser beam; distance-adjustment means (674) for adjusting the relative distance between the reflecting mirror and the converging lens; and moving means (665) for moving the reflecting mirror and the converging lens such that the relative distance is maintained so that the light guide member in the head. The converging lens and the reflecting mirror can be introduced/discharged with respect to a portion to be machined and formed in a narrow gap in an incore structure.

Abstract: This provides a semiconductor laser device of a high light output efficiency, which is high in current confinement effect, small in leak current, and favorable in temperature property, and indicates a low threshold current, and can effectively confine laser light to a stripe region, and is favorable in beam profile. This semiconductor laser device (100) includes the laminated structure of an n-AlInP clad layer (103) a superlattice active layer section (104), a p-AlInP first clad layer (105), a GaInP etching stop layer (106) are formed, and on top of that, there are a p-AlInP second clad layer (107), a GaInP protective layer (108) and a p-GaAs contact layer (109), which are processed into a stripe-shaped ridge.