Abstract: The present invention provides a novel intermediate for synthesizing vitamin D derivatives by using a less expensive material. That is, the present invention provides a compound which is synthesized by using carvone as a starting material and which is represented by the following formulae.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus for transmitting an installation set of a printer driver to another information processing apparatus, comprises decision unit adapted to decide whether an installation set that activates a function expansion module is to be transmitted to the other information processing apparatus; and transmitting unit adapted to transmit an installation set in which the function expansion module is activated to the other information processing apparatus if the decision unit has decided that the installation set that activates the function expansion module is to be transmitted, and transmits an installation set in which the function expansion module is not activated to the other information processing apparatus if the decision unit has decided that the installation set that activates the function expansion module is not to be transmitted to the other information processing apparatus.

Abstract: An FET is turned ON with supply of a power Vcc to a sensor started, and a signal indicating a result of detection is inputted from the sensor to a GPI terminal of an MCU. After supply of the power Vcc to the sensor is started, the MCU enters the sleep state, and the state is maintained until a normal detection result is outputted from the sensor. When the sensor starts outputting a normal detection result, the MCU returned from the sleep state upon an interruption by a timer, and sampling is made for an output from the sensor. When sampling is performed, supply of the power Vcc to the sensor is stopped with the CMU set in the sleep state. The present invention can be applied to a portable type of information processing apparatus such as a mobile telephone and a PDA.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus specifies an area wherein a tint block image is applied, or an area wherein a tint block is not applied. A user selects either an application mode or a non-application mode in an area 2250 to specify a tint block application area or a tint block non-application area, and selects, in an area 2251, a shape for a tint block application area or a tint block non-application area. Then, the user employs, for example, a mouse to adjust the size and the location of the selected figure, and specifies the tint block application area or the tint block non-application area. The printer driver employs the selected area information to generate tint block application/non-application area information, and employs this information to create tint block image data while taking into account the area wherein, on a single sheet, the tint block is either used or not used.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus performs a density adjustment process for generating an image containing a copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image for warning against the use of copy products. To help users to easily adjust the density of a latent image portion and a background portion in the copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image, the image processing apparatus determines a density relationship of the latent image portion and the background portion by performing a plurality of adjustment operations, in combination, different in the amount of adjustment relating to the range of variable density in at least one of the latent image portion and the background portion, and sets, based on the density relationship, the density data of each of the latent image portion and the background portion in the data of the copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image.

Abstract: The number of colors used in the object image indicated by a raster image rendering command is counted. The format of the object image is then converted according to the number of counted colors. The data size of the raster image is then reduced without impairing the quality of the raster image, thereby increasing processing performance.

Abstract: A printing control apparatus is provided which can produce an appropriate copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image by adding a monochrome copy-forgery-inhibited pattern even if monochrome mode printing is performed in the condition in which a color copy-forgery-inhibited pattern is set. When the monochrome mode printing is performed in the condition in which the color copy-forgery-inhibited pattern is set, and if the copy-forgery-inhibited pattern color is output with its color unchanged, the color is not converted into 100% black. Considering this, when a forced monochrome mode is selected, even if the user's setting for the copy-forgery-inhibited pattern is color, the color is changed to monochrome (black) before output.

Abstract: A character background color is rendered based on a text command. In such case, if all text commands are rendered as text objects, the obtained background color does not often match other background colors rendered as graphics objects. Upon processing a text command, the background of a character string to be rendered is rendered as a graphics object, and the character string to be rendered is rendered as a text object.

Abstract: The invention enables people to easily identify a printout image even in the case where the printout image is printed with a tint block image added thereon. More specifically, a physical page that is a printable area of printing paper is divided into areas, an intended document/image is printed in each of these divided areas (logical pages), and a tint block image is printed only in an area that is in this physical page but does not belong to any of the logical pages. Using a fact that a margin is produced in the so-called N-up printing, the tint block image is printed in this margin. Thereby, the tint block image can be printed in a location that will not interfere with whatever printout image to be printed.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus generates printing image data of a printing image and copy-forgery-inhibited-pattern-image data of a copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image to be added to the printing image. The copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image includes a latent image and a background image. The apparatus includes a selecting unit and a printing-data generating unit. The selecting unit selects either the transparent-printing designation or overlay-printing designation, the transparent-printing designation is used for generating printing data so that the copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image is superimposed on the printing image, and the overlay-printing designation is used for generating printing data so that the printing image is superimposed on the copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image. The printing-data generating unit generates printing data based on the printing designation selected by the selecting unit.

Abstract: Viewability is improved creating more reliable visual recognition of an image including a copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image to clearly distinguish a copy and an original being displayed for preview. An image processing apparatus produces data of a copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image that is added to an image to be output for printing and comprises a latent image and a background image. The apparatus includes: a display unit for displaying an image; and a display control unit for distinctively displaying images, on the display unit, in a first display state displaying the copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image and in a second display state in which a display mode of at least one of the latent image and the background image of the copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image differs from a display mode of the image displayed in the first display state.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus installs a first control program corresponding to a first peripheral device and a second control program for controlling a second peripheral device, the first and second control programs including a common module. The information processing apparatus has deciding means for deciding identification information of the common module so that the identification information of the common module which operates as a part of the first control program and the identification information of the common module which operates as a part of the second control program are made different.

Abstract: The number of colors used in the object image indicated by a raster image rendering command is counted. The format of the object image is then converted according to the number of counted colors. The data size of the raster image is then reduced without impairing the quality of the raster image, thereby increasing processing performance.

Abstract: A character background color is rendered based on a text command. In such case, if all text commands are rendered as text objects, the obtained background color does not often match other background colors rendered as graphics objects. Upon processing a text command, the background of a character string to be rendered is rendered as a graphics object, and the character string to be rendered is rendered as a text object.

Abstract: A lithographic element comprises a support and a hydrophilic layer. The hydrophilic layer contains fine particles of silicon dioxide dispersed in gelatin. The particles have an average particle size in the range of 0.1 to 10 .mu.m. The particles are contained in the layer in an amount of not more than 2 g per m.sup.2. The gelatin has an average molecular weight in the range of 10,000 to 300,000.

Abstract: A pre-fogged direct reversal silver halide photographic material comprises on a support at least an emulsion layer comprising a previously fogged silver halide emulsion for forming a direct positive image.

Abstract: A process for producing an optically active halogen-containing alcohol having a high optical purity and represented by the following formula [I] ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a halogen substituted alkyl group, R.sup.2 is a group selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, alkene group, or alkyne group, and a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, and C having an asterisk indicates an asymmetric atom,is disclosed which process comprises subjecting a halogenated alkyl ester of a carboxylic acid represented by the following formula [II] ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same as mentioned above and R.sup.3 is a group selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or alkene group, and a substituted or unsabstituted phenyl group,to asymmetric hydrolysis with an enzyme in an aqueous solution system, and the aqueous solution system may contain buffer solution and/or organic solvent.

Abstract: Lithographic printing material is processed with a developer at pH 10.0 to 11.8 containing 30 to 80 gram/liter of hydroquinone in accordance with a diffusion transfer process. The developer is capable and stable. The resulting transfer silver image has improved printing endurance and ink receptivity.

Abstract: A novel antiferroelectric liquid crystal compound is disclosed which is represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 alkyl groups, respectively, Rf is a lower fluoroalkyl group, X is a group selected from the group consisting of --O--, --COO--, --OCO--, and --CO--, or a single bond, (A) and (B) each is a group independently selected from the group consisting of phenyl, biphenyl, and naphthalene group which may be substituted with a halogen atom, and C having an asterisk indicates an asynunetric carbon atom. A process for producing the antiferroelectric liquid crystal compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for preparing a direct reversal type silver halide light-sensitive emulsion which is used for a black-and-white light-sensitive material and has the improved photographic performances of a high sensitivity and a high contrast. The method comprises:A method for preparing a fogging type direct positive silver halide emulsion comprising the steps of:(a) forming an emulsion containing silver halide grains;(b) fogging surfaces of the grains with a reducing agent to form a silver nuclei; and then(c) performing at least one of an adjustment of pH of the emulsion to 4.5 or less and an adjustment of pAg of the emulsion to 8.1 or more.