Abstract: A quantum repeater includes a transmitter portion including a source, a set of matter systems, and an optical system. The source produces a probe pulse in a probe state having components with different photon numbers, and each matter system has at least one state that interacts with photons in the probe pulse to introduce a change in a phase space location of the probe state. The optical system can direct the probe pulse for interaction with one of the matter systems and direct light from the matter system for transmission on a first channel.

Abstract: A fuel injection device has a two-way control valve driven by a two-position actuator. The control valve directly controls oil pressure in a back pressure chamber to control an injection operation of an injection nozzle. A two-position three-way flow passage switching valve operated by control pressure of the control valve selectively connects a control chamber of a pressure intensifier with a fuel supply passage leading to a pressure accumulator or a pressure release passage leading to a low-pressure system to indirectly control oil pressure in the control chamber. The flow passage switching valve starts a pressure intensifying operation in retard of the injection operation. When pressure is supplied to the control chamber, stoppage of the pressure intensification operation and returning operation of the pressure intensifier do not lag behind the injection operation.

Abstract: A system and method for quantum key distribution uses a regulated single-photon source to sequentially generate a first photon and a second photon separated by a time interval ?t. The two photons are directed through a beam splitter that directs each photon to one of two transmission lines, which lead to two respective receivers. When one of the photons arrives at a receiver, it passes through an interferometer. One arm of the interferometer has a path length longer than the other arm by an amount equivalent to a photon time delay of ?t. The photon is then detected in one of three time slots by one of two single-photon detectors associated with each of the two interferometer outputs. Due to quantum-mechanical entanglement in phase and time between the two photons, the receivers can determine a secret quantum key bit value from their measurements of the time slots in which the photons arrived, or of the detectors where the photons arrived.

Abstract: A micropost microcavity device has a maximum field intensity at the center of a high-index spacer as well as a small mode volume. The device has an approximately half-wavelength thick low-index spacer [400] sandwiched between two quarter wave stacks [410, 420]. The low-index spacer has a high-index subspacer layer [470] positioned at its center. The subspacer layer has a thickness smaller than a quarter wavelength. As a result, the electric field intensity remains a maximum at the center of the spacer where the high-index subspacer is positioned. A quantum dot or other active region [480] may be embedded within the subspacer [470]. The microcavity devices provide, for example, single photon sources, single dot lasers, low-threshold quantum dot or quantum well lasers, or devices for strong coupling between a single quantum dot and the cavity field which can be used as components of photonic integrated circuits, quantum computers, quantum networks, or quantum cryptographic systems.

Abstract: In a fluid transmission device, a male fitting surface of a periphery of a diameter-expanded portion of a pump shell is fitted to a female fitting surface of an inner circumference of a peripheral wall portion of a cylindrical transmission cover, and a fillet weld being is formed between an end surface of the peripheral wall portion and a peripheral surface of the diameter-expanded portion along an entire circumference, thereby connecting together the pump shell and the transmission cover. An annular recess is formed in an inner circumferential surface of the peripheral wall portion to adjoin the female fitting surface on the side opposite from the fillet weld. A portion of the transmission cover corresponding to the recess constitutes an annular thin-walled portion which has a thickness smaller than the portions of the transmission cover along the opposite sides of the annular thin wall portion.

Abstract: Lubricating oil supply holes are drilled into a first member that is fitted to a plurality of first annular plates by a spline. Of splines to which each lubricating oil supply hole corresponds, lubricating oil grooves provided in the plurality of first annular plates do not overlap the splines on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the first annular plates, and therefore lubricating oil flowing out of the lubricating oil supply holes is dispersed in a circumferential direction and flows from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the first annular plates, rather than gathering in each lubricating oil groove and flowing in an outer peripheral direction. As a result, a force generated by an axial lubricating oil flow, which acts in a direction for causing the second annular plates to contact friction materials on the first annular plates, is suppressed, leading to a reduction in drag torque.

Abstract: A micropost microcavity device has a maximum field intensity at the center of a high-index spacer as well as a small mode volume. The device has an approximately half-wavelength thick low-index spacer [400] sandwiched between two quarter wave stacks [410, 420]. The low-index spacer has a high-index subspacer layer [470] positioned at its center. The subspacer layer has a thickness smaller than a quarter wavelength. As a result, the electric field intensity remains a maximum at the center of the spacer where the high-index subspacer is positioned. A quantum dot or other active region [480] may be embedded within the subspacer [470]. The microcavity devices provide, for example, single photon sources, single dot lasers, low-threshold quantum dot or quantum well lasers, or devices for strong coupling between a single quantum dot and the cavity field which can be used as components of photonic integrated circuits, quantum computers, quantum networks, or quantum cryptographic systems.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus has an accumulator, a booster, a nozzle, a hydraulic circuit, a hydraulic pressure valve and a control valve. At least one of a transmission path, which is connected to the hydraulic circuit, and the hydraulic piston is configured to generate a delay in an operation of the nozzle or the booster that is driven by one of fuel pressure in the control chamber and fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber that is directly controlled by the control valve, against an operation of the booster or the nozzle that is driven by the other of the fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber and the fuel pressure in the control pressure indirectly controlled by the hydraulic pressure valve.

Abstract: In a direction control valve, a bottom face of an insertion hole of a first movable member is at a predetermined distance from a second movable member with respect to a first axial direction when communication between a first communication switching port and a communication object port is made and communication between a second communication switching port and the communication object port is broken. The bottom face contacts and pushes the second movable member in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction after the first movable member moves in the second axial direction by the predetermined distance while the first and second movable members move in the second axial direction to switch a port communicating with the communication object port from the first communication switching port to the second communication switching port.

Abstract: A fuel injection device has a two-way control valve driven by a two-position actuator. The control valve directly controls oil pressure in a back pressure chamber to control an injection operation of an injection nozzle. A two-position three-way flow passage switching valve operated by control pressure of the control valve selectively connects a control chamber of a pressure intensifier with a fuel supply passage leading to a pressure accumulator or a pressure release passage leading to a low-pressure system to indirectly control oil pressure in the control chamber. The flow passage switching valve starts a pressure intensifying operation in retard of the injection operation. When pressure is supplied to the control chamber, stoppage of the pressure intensification operation and returning operation of the pressure intensifier do not lag behind the injection operation.

Abstract: A control valve is constructed as a two-position three-way valve. A switching port of the control valve and a control chamber of a pressure intensifier are connected to the control valve through a reciprocation passage. Fuel pressure in the control chamber is controlled by the control valve. The reciprocation passage is formed of two fuel passages for connecting the switching port of the control valve with the control chamber in parallel. One fuel passage is provided with a check valve for preventing fuel from flowing from the control chamber to the control valve and the other fuel passage is provided with a hydraulic valve for preventing the fuel from flowing from the control valve to the control chamber and a restrictor.

Abstract: In a transmitting system for a small-sized vehicle, a centrifugal clutch, and a torque converter including a pump impeller connected to an output drum of the centrifugal clutch and a turbine impeller connected to an output gear, are placed between a crankshaft of an engine and the output gear. The pump impeller and the output drum adjacent to the pump impeller are integrally coupled, with an open surface of the output drum facing to an opposite side to the pump impeller, to be constructed as a single component. Thus, occurrence of rotation vibrations and unusual noises can be prevented without requiring machining with high precision, and the numbers of components and assembling steps can be reduced while providing favorable maintainability.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition comprising a blend obtainable by blending 0.1 to 99% by weight of (a) a fluorine-containing polymer having a number-average molecular weight of 2000 to 1000000 and having hydroxy group or epoxy group at least at one of end portions of a main chain and side chain of the polymer, and 1 to 99.9% by weight of (b) a heat resisting thermoplastic resin having a crystalline melting point or glass transition temperature of not less than 150° C. The present invention can provide a composition comprising various heat resisting thermoplastic resins and a fluorine-containing polymer having a functional group which is capable of developing an affinity with said resins and forming a uniform dispersion.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus has an accumulator, a booster, a nozzle, a hydraulic circuit, a hydraulic pressure valve and a control valve. At least one of a transmission path, which is connected to the hydraulic circuit, and the hydraulic piston is configured to generate a delay in an operation of the nozzle or the booster that is driven by one of fuel pressure in the control chamber and fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber that is directly controlled by the control valve, against an operation of the booster or the nozzle that is driven by the other of the fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber and the fuel pressure in the control pressure indirectly controlled by the hydraulic pressure valve.

Abstract: A control valve is constructed as a two-position three-way valve. A switching port of the control valve and a control chamber of a pressure intensifier are connected to the control valve through a reciprocation passage. Fuel pressure in the control chamber is controlled by the control valve. The reciprocation passage is formed of two fuel passages for connecting the switching port of the control valve with the control chamber in parallel. One fuel passage is provided with a check valve for preventing fuel from flowing from the control chamber to the control valve and the other fuel passage is provided with a hydraulic valve for preventing the fuel from flowing from the control valve to the control chamber and a restrictor.

Abstract: In a fluid transmission device, a male fitting surface of a periphery of a diameter-expanded portion of a pump shell is fitted to a female fitting surface of an inner circumference of a peripheral wall portion of a cylindrical transmission cover, and a fillet weld being is formed between an end surface of the peripheral wall portion and a peripheral surface of the diameter-expanded portion along an entire circumference, thereby connecting together the pump shell and the transmission cover. An annular recess is formed in an inner circumferential surface of the peripheral wall portion to adjoin the female fitting surface on the side opposite from the fillet weld. A portion of the transmission cover corresponding to the recess constitutes an annular thin-walled portion which has a thickness smaller than the portions of the transmission cover along the opposite sides of the annular thin wall portion.

Abstract: A device including a photon emitter, a light source, and a filter with a corresponding method for producing triggered single photons and triggered pairs of polarization-entangled photons are provided. The light source delivers a pulse to a photon emitter and generates pairs of electrons and holes to emit photons. The light source includes a mechanism to tune a pulse wavelength to an excited state-absorption resonance of the photon emitter. The light source could also include a device to selectively choose a polarization to create the pairs of electrons and holes of a particular spin. A filter isolates the last and single photon. Optionally, a micro-cavity is included to direct the emitted photons and couple to one or more optical elements. When the device or the method is used to produce triggered pairs of polarization-entangled photons, it works almost the same as for the single photons, except for modifications to the way the light source excites the photon emitter and how emission filtering is performed.

Abstract: A system and method for quantum key distribution uses a regulated single-photon source to sequentially generate a first photon and a second photon separated by a time interval ?t. The two photons are directed through a beam splitter that directs each photon to one of two transmission lines, which lead to two respective receivers. When one of the photons arrives at a receiver, it passes through an interferometer. One arm of the interferometer has a path length longer than the other arm by an amount equivalent to a photon time delay of ?t. The photon is then detected in one of three time slots by one of two single-photon detectors associated with each of the two interferometer outputs. Due to quantum-mechanical entanglement in phase and time between the two photons, the receivers can determine a secret quantum key bit value from their measurements of the time slots in which the photons arrived, or of the detectors where the photons arrived.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device and method for producing triggered single photons and triggered pairs of polarization-entangled photons. A light source delivers a pulse to a photon emitter and generates pairs of electrons and holes to emit photons. The light source includes means to tune a pulse wavelength to an excited state-absorption resonance of the photon emitter. The light source could also include means to selectively choose a polarization to create pairs of electrons and holes of a particular spin. A filter isolates the last and single photon. Optionally a micro-cavity is included to direct the emitted photons and couple to one or more optical elements. When the device or method is used to produce triggered pairs of polarization-entangled photons it works almost the same as for the single photons, except for modifications to the way the light source excites the photon emitter and how emission filtering is performed.

Abstract: Provided is a surface-mounted IC socket having a base housing and a gripping sheet. The base housing has a top surface and contacts. A slider moves over the top surface of the base housing and has an upper surface with a plurality of pin contact receiving holes arranged in the form of a matrix that receives pin contacts formed on an IC package that contact the contacts. Projecting parts having outer edges protrude from the upper surface. The gripping sheet has cuts corresponding to the projecting parts and is pasted on the upper surface such that the cuts correspond to the projecting parts.