Abstract: A first frame is supported by a heat sink plate, surrounds an unmounted region of the heat sink plate, contains a resin, and has a first surface. A second frame contains a resin, and has a second surface opposing the first surface. An external terminal electrode passes between the first surface and the second surface. An adhesive layer contains a resin, and includes a lower portion, an upper portion, and an intermediate portion. The lower portion connects the external terminal electrode and the first surface to each other. The upper portion connects the external terminal electrode and the second surface to each other. The intermediate portion is disposed within a through hole of the external terminal electrode, and connects the lower portion and the upper portion to each other.

Abstract: A heat-reactive switch includes an airtight container with a housing and a lid plate, two conductive terminal pins fixed in through-holes in the lid plate, a fixed contact point fixed on one of the conductive terminal pins, a heater connected to the other conductive terminal pin and to the lid plate, a heat-reactive plate connected to the housing internal surface, the bending direction becoming inverted at a predetermined temperature, and a mobile contact point provided at the end of the heat-reactive plate. A heating element has a plurality of serpentine portions made from a metal plate in ribbon form, disposed between the lid plate and the heat-reactive plate so as to be parallel thereto. At least two of the serpentine portions are disposed to face each other while sandwiching the conductive terminal pin. Each portion follows the inner peripheral surface of the housing and have planar portions facing each other.

Abstract: A thermally responsive switch includes a heating element with a meandering portion formed of a metal plate. The meandering portion is bent twice with respect to reference axes extending in a longitudinal direction of a housing. The meandering portion includes an outer vertical portion that is perpendicular to an inner surface of a lid plate, an inner vertical portion that is perpendicular to the inner surface of the lid plate, and a middle vertical portion that is disposed between the outer vertical portion and the inner vertical portion and is perpendicular to the inner surface of the lid plate. The middle vertical portion has a narrow portion narrower than a width of the middle vertical portion. The narrow portion is provided on an end portion located in one side of the middle vertical portion where no other heating element exists among the two widthwise end portions of the middle vertical portion.

Abstract: A heat-reactive switch includes an airtight container with a housing and a lid plate, two conductive terminal pins fixed in through-holes in the lid plate, a fixed contact point fixed on one of the conductive terminal pins, a heater connected to the other conductive terminal pin and to the lid plate, a heat-reactive plate connected to the housing internal surface, the bending direction becoming inverted at a predetermined temperature, and a mobile contact point provided at the end of the heat-reactive plate. A heating element has a plurality of serpentine portions made from a metal plate in ribbon form, disposed between the lid plate and the heat-reactive plate so as to be parallel thereto. At least two of the serpentine portions are disposed to face each other while sandwiching the conductive terminal pin. Each portion follows the inner peripheral surface of the housing and have planar portions facing each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device has a plurality of pixels arranged. The liquid crystal device includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposing the first substrate, liquid crystal provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, wires formed on the first substrate, and a reflective layer formed on the first substrate. Each pixel has a reflective display region formed by the reflective layer and a transparent display region without the reflective layer, and each wire is routed between two pixels in the transparent display region and in the reflective display region.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an image carrier, an exposure array, a reading sensor and a detecting unit. The image carrier carries a toner image. The exposure array forms a latent image. The reading sensor reads a pattern. The reading sensor is provided integrally with the exposure array. The detecting unit detects fluctuation based on the pattern read by the reading sensor.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device has a plurality of pixels arranged. The liquid crystal device includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposing the first substrate, liquid crystal provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, wires formed on the first substrate, and a reflective layer formed on the first substrate. Each pixel has a reflective display region formed by the reflective layer and a transparent display region without the reflective layer, and each wire is routed between two pixels in the transparent display region and in the reflective display region.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an image carrier, an exposure array, a reading sensor and a detecting unit. The image carrier carries a toner image. The exposure array forms a latent image. The reading sensor reads a pattern. The reading sensor is provided integrally with the exposure array. The detecting unit detects fluctuation based on the pattern read by the reading sensor.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a pair of substrates with an electro-optical material layer interposed therebetween, and a plurality of pixels, each having a reflection region and a transmission region. The reflection regions are disposed on opposing sides of adjacent pixels. On one substrate of the pair of substrates, an insulating layer is formed in the reflection region, such that the thicknesses of the electro-optical material layer in the reflection region and the transmission region are made different from each other. Further, the insulating layer is formed across two adjacent pixels along a direction in which the reflection regions of adjacent pixels continue.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of substrates (11, 12) bonded to each other by a sealing material (13) in the form of a frame provided therebetween, liquid crystal (14) held between the pair of substrates; a reflective layer (111) formed on one (11) of the substrates, and an alignment film (116) formed over the reflective layer (111) at the liquid crystal side. The surface of said one (11) of the substrates has a roughened area (11b) which is roughened and a flat area (11a) which is flat and surrounds the roughened area (11b). The alignment film (116) is formed in the roughened area (11b), and the sealing material (13) is formed in the flat area (11a).

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel 1 has a configuration in which an element substrate 10 including routing wiring 16 and a counter substrate 20 including scanning lines 25 are adhered with a sealing material 30 therebetween and, in addition, a liquid crystal is injected between both substrates through a liquid crystal injection hole 30a formed in the sealing material 30. The scanning lines 25 are brought into conduction with the routing wiring 16 through conducting particles 32 dispersed in the sealing material 30. However, the scanning lines 25, which have end portions reaching the neighborhood of the liquid crystal injection hole 30a, among the plurality of scanning lines 25, are brought into conduction with the routing wiring 16 through conducting particles 32 dispersed in a vertical conduction portion 37 or through the conducting particles 32 in both the sealing material 30 and the vertical conduction portion 37.

Abstract: An electro-optical device comprising, a first board and a second board superposed on each other; a seal 6 for bonding the first board and the second board at the periphery of a display area; a plurality of connection terminals 71 provided on an overhang of the first board which extends from the second board; and a plurality of connection wires 70 provided on the first board and interconnecting the display area and the plurality of connection terminals 71. The distance between adjacent connection wires 119b is set to be smaller inside the seal 6 than outside the seal 6. This prevents the occurrence of corrosion in the connection wires 70 lying outside the seal 6, and shortens the distance between adjacent connection wires 70 lying inside the seal 6, thereby reducing the overall size of the liquid crystal device.

Abstract: A color filter substrate 8 having a plurality of pixels D1 includes a reflecting layer 4 composed of a metal film formed on a substrate 2, and any one of blue, green, and red color filter layers 10, 12, and 14 formed on the reflecting layer 4 at a position corresponding to each pixel D1. A metal complex of phthalocyanine is applied to the surface of the reflecting layer 4 at the interface with each color filter layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes (6), and nonlinear elements (11) including element-side electrodes (14) electrically connected to the pixel electrodes (6). An element-side electrode (14) is shaped in a pattern (14a) formed along the edge of a pixel electrode (6). The presence of the element-side electrode pattern (14a) makes it possible to prevent etchant from entering between said pixel electrode (6) and the element-side electrode (14) and causing a wire break therebetween in patterning the pixel electrode (6). When the element-side electrode pattern (14a) is made of a substance having a higher light-shielding ability than that of the pixel electrode (6), it may be used as a mark for adjusting position in bonding an element substrate and an opposite substrate.

Abstract: Color layers R, G, and B of a color filter are arranged in a delta pattern. A data line (212) for applying a voltage to the sub-pixels is connected, through TFD (220), to pixel electrodes (234) of the sub-pixels respectively corresponding to the three colors in a fixed order in a periodic pattern, and pixel electrodes (234) commonly connected to a single data line (212) are arranged to the same side of the data line (212). The potential of the sub-pixels for a particular color are equally influenced by the potential of the sub-pixels of other colors.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device which has a plurality of pixels and which is configured in such a manner that a counter substrate is opposed to a color filter substrate with a liquid crystal interposed therebetween. The color filter substrate has a reflection film on the surface of a substrate body. Blue, green, and red colored layers, are formed on the surface of the reflection film in matrix form so as to correspond to the respective pixels. A light shield layer is formed between the colored layers. Colored layers for color characteristic evaluation and a light shield layer for optical density measurement are provided in an area located outside an effective pixel area of the color filter substrate. The reflection film is not formed between the colored layers for color characteristic evaluation and the substrate body and between the light shield layer for optical density measurement and the substrate body.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel 1 has a configuration in which an element substrate 10 including routing wiring 16 and a counter substrate 20 including scanning lines 25 are adhered with a sealing material 30 therebetween and, in addition, a liquid crystal is injected between both substrates through a liquid crystal injection hole 30a formed in the sealing material 30. The scanning lines 25 are brought into conduction with the routing wiring 16 through conducting particles 32 dispersed in the sealing material 30. However, the scanning lines 25, which have end portions reaching the neighborhood of the liquid crystal injection hole 30a, among the plurality of scanning lines 25, are brought into conduction with the routing wiring 16 through conducting particles 32 dispersed in a vertical conduction portion 37 or through the conducting particles 32 in both the sealing material 30 and the vertical conduction portion 37.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of substrates (11, 12) bonded to each other by a sealing material (13) in the form of a frame provided therebetween, liquid crystal (14) held between the pair of substrates; a reflective layer (111) formed on one (11) of the substrates, and an alignment film (116) formed over the reflective layer (111) at the liquid crystal side. The surface of said one (11) of the substrates has a roughened area (11b) which is roughened and a flat area (11a) which is flat and surrounds the roughened area (11b). The alignment film (116) is formed in the roughened area (11b), and the sealing material (13) is formed in the flat area (11a).

Abstract: A liquid crystal device comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes (6), and nonlinear elements (11) including element-side electrodes (14) electrically connected to the pixel electrodes (6). An element-side electrode (14) is shaped in a pattern (14a) formed along the edge of a pixel electrode (6). The presence of the element-side electrode pattern (14a) makes it possible to prevent etchant from entering between said pixel electrode (6) and the element-side electrode (14) and causing a wire break therebetween in patterning the pixel electrode (6). When the element-side electrode pattern (14a) is made of a substance having a higher light-shielding ability than that of the pixel electrode (6), it may be used as a mark for adjusting position in bonding an element substrate and an opposite substrate.

Abstract: An electro-optical device comprising, a first board and a second board superposed on each other; a seal 6 for bonding the first board and the second board at the periphery of a display area; a plurality of connection terminals 71 provided on an overhang of the first board which extends from the second board; and a plurality of connection wires 70 provided on the first board and interconnecting the display area and the plurality of connection terminals 71. The distance between adjacent connection wires 119b is set to be smaller inside the seal 6 than outside the seal 6. This prevents the occurrence of corrosion in the connection wires 70 lying outside the seal 6, and shortens the distance between adjacent connection wires 70 lying inside the seal 6, thereby reducing the overall size of the liquid crystal device.