Abstract: An electrode system for measuring properties of solutions using a porous platinum electrode. The electrode system includes a low porosity platinum working electrode in which platinum is deposited in a porous form on the surface of an electrode, and a high porosity platinum electrode having a higher roughness factor than the low porosity platinum electrode.

Abstract: A gas sensor, a refrigerator having the gas sensor, and a method for controlling the gas sensor recognizes the ripening degree of a target food on the basis of a variation in color using a pH indicator having a color that is changed with pH variation generated when the pH indicator reacts with target gas, a refrigerator having the gas sensor. The gas sensor for detecting target gas includes: a base provided for gas permeation; and a detection unit provided at the base, and is discolored in response to pH variation generated when reacting with target gas having permeated the base.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus including an impedance measurer that measures impedance of an object to be heated by applying electricity to a first electrode portion and a second electrode portion that contact an outer side of the object to be heated and that are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and a controller that determines a cooking state of the object to be heated based on the measured impedance.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a water softening apparatus including an electrosorption unit to adsorb foreign matter contained in water with electrical attraction, a preprocessing unit having a preprocessing chamber which is connected with an external water supply source and is provided with a filter to filter out foreign matter contained in water transferred from the external water supply source, and a cleaning solution supply unit having a cleaning solution storage chamber which stores a cleaning solution to be supplied to the electrosorption unit. Since any one of the water transferred from the preprocessing unit and the cleaning solution transferred from the cleaning solution supply unit is selectively transferred to the electrosorption unit by a valve, a pump to inject the cleaning solution and the like are unnecessary.

Abstract: A super-hydrorepellent coating composition including a nano structure, polyorganosiloxane, a cross-linker, and a catalyst; a super-hydrorepellent coating layer including a cured product of the super-hydrorepellent coating composition; and a heat exchanger including the super-hydrorepellent coating layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a heating member having a resistive heating layer and a fusing device using the heating member. The heating member includes the resistive heating layer on an outer circumferential surface of a load support member. Electricity is supplied to an inner circumferential surface and an outer circumferential surface of the resistive heating layer in a direction perpendicular to the resistive heating layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing electrolytic reducing water with excellent reducing ability and a pH that is maintained neutral by combining advantages of a conventional water purifier and a conventional alkaline ionized water device.

Abstract: A cooling system including an evaporator to exchange heat with air, a frost detector installed on the evaporator to detect frost, and a control unit to determine whether a current time corresponds to a frost detection point, to control the frost detector to operate when the current time corresponds to the frost detection point, and to control a defrosting operation based on a frost detection signal from the frost detector. It is possible to accurately detect the amount of frost formed on the evaporator by executing the frost detection under constant frost detection environmental conditions.

Abstract: An inorganic electroluminescence (“EL”) device includes a lower electrode; a dielectric layer disposed on the lower electrode; an inorganic emission layer disposed on the dielectric layer; an upper electrode disposed on the inorganic emission layer; a waveguide layer disposed on the upper electrode; and a reflection film partially coating the waveguide layer and including an emission portion through which light is emitted.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus including a frost sensor to sense frost, a multiplexer having a first input terminal, to which the frost sensor is connected, and a second input terminal as a non-connected input terminal, a signal processor to subtract a signal input through the second input terminal from a signal input through the first input terminal, and to output a signal obtained by the subtraction, and a controller to detect an amount of frost sensed by the frost sensor, based on the output signal from the signal processor. It is possible to easily and accurately determine noise contained in a signal received from the frost sensor by determining, as noise, the signal received from the input terminal, to which the frost sensor is not connected, and subtracting the noise from the signal received from each input terminal, to which the frost sensor is connected.

Abstract: A frost detecting apparatus including a first electrode to generate an electric field in a frost detection region, a second electrode to prevent the electric field from leaking into a frost non-detection region, an insulator arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, to insulate the first electrode, and a shield arranged around an exposed portion of the insulator, to prevent the electric field from leaking into the frost non-detection region through the exposed portion of the insulator. As the same potential is established at the first and second electrodes, it is possible to prevent electric field from leaking into a frost non-detection region through side surfaces of the first electrode. Accordingly, the electric field is varied only by frost formed in a frost detection region, so that it is possible to more accurately detect formation of frost and the amount of the formed frost.

Abstract: Provided is a two-axis driving electromagnetic actuator that includes a stage that is operative to be actuated about a first axis; an inner frame that that is disposed outside the stage and supports the stage by the first axis; an external frame that is disposed outside the inner frame and supports the inner frame by a second axis which is perpendicular to the first axis; a magnet that provides an electric field between the first axis and the second axis; a first driving coil that is formed on the inner frame and to which a first signal that actuates the stage in a direction of the second axis is applied; and a second driving coil that is formed on the inner frame and to which a second signal that actuates the stage and the inner frame in a direction of the first axis is applied, wherein the first driving coil and the second driving coil are electrically separated from each other.

Abstract: Disclosed are a heating member having a resistive heating layer and a fusing device using the heating member. The heating member includes the resistive heating layer on an outer circumferential surface of a load support member. Electricity is supplied to an inner circumferential surface and an outer circumferential surface of the resistive heating layer in a direction perpendicular to the resistive heating layer.

Abstract: A micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) device is provided. The MEMS device includes: a stage which operates in a vibration mode; an axle which supports the stage and allows rotation of the stage; and a capacitive sensor which detects rotation of the stage. The capacitive sensor includes: a sensing arm which extends from the stage; driving combs which extend from the sensing arm and rotated together with the stage; fixed combs which are fixedly supported for engagement with the driving combs, the fixed combs including surfaces overlapping opposite surfaces of the driving combs in accordance with the rotation of the driving combs; and a capacitance sensing portion which detects a capacitance change of the driving combs and the fixed combs. Therefore, the MEMS device performs precise scanning by structurally preventing deformation of the stage having a light reflecting surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a line printer head that exposes an object, e.g., a photoconductor body, of an image forming apparatus. The line printer head includes multiple light emitting devices in a linear arrangement along a main scanning direction. Each light emitting device includes a light emitting region, a first electrode on a lower portion of the light emitting region, a second electrode on an upper portion of the light emitting region and an optical waveguide disposed above the second electrode and configured to guide light generated by the light emitted region such that the light is output through an opening of the optical waveguide. The integrated circuit is configured to drive the light emitting devices and has multiple output terminals, each of which is connected to the first electrode of the respective corresponding one of the light emitting devices. The light emitting devices and the integrated circuit are formed on the same substrate.

Abstract: A 2-axis driving electromagnetic scanner, having a structure in which a mirror is separated from a driving unit and directly driven, is provided. The electromagnetic scanner includes: an outer driving unit which is capable of rotating around a first axis; an inner driving unit which is suspended from the outer driving unit so as to rotate around a second axis perpendicular to the first axis; and a stage which is located on an upper surface of the inner driving unit so as to rotate together with the inner driving unit. In the electromagnetic scanner, the stage is connected to the inner driving unit by a link unit protruding from a center of a lower surface of the stage.

Abstract: An inorganic electroluminescence (“EL”) device includes a lower electrode; a dielectric layer disposed on the lower electrode; an inorganic emission layer disposed on the dielectric layer; an upper electrode disposed on the inorganic emission layer; a waveguide layer disposed on the upper electrode; and a reflection film partially coating the waveguide layer and including an emission portion through which light is emitted.

Abstract: Disclosed are a line light source, a line printer head, and an image forming apparatus. The line light source includes a light waveguide unit which guides light emitted from a light emitting layer which is disposed between a bottom electrode and top electrodes, wherein the light waveguide unit is disposed on the top electrodes. Light is emitted through the surface area of light emitting areas defined by overlapping areas of the bottom electrode and the top electrodes. The light waveguide includes a plurality of openings, the sizes of which may be different than the surface area of the light emitting areas. The light emitting amount can be adjusted by adjusting the light emitting surface areas without reducing printing resolution of the image forming apparatus by employing the disclosed line light source as the line printer head.

Abstract: A rotational micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) having a piezo-resistor sensor is provided. The rotational MEMS device includes a pair of torsion springs that support a stage, four resistors, at least one of the resistors being formed along a center axis of the torsion springs, and electrical signal cables connected to the four resistors, wherein at least one of the torsion springs is formed in a <100> direction on an n-type silicon substrate having a (100) plane, and the resistors formed on the at least one of the torsion springs are formed in a <110> group direction.

Abstract: A micro actuator and a method of manufacturing the micro actuator. A micro actuator includes a base frame, a first movable part, a second movable part, at least one pair of permanent magnets, a coil part, and a deformation suppression portion. The first movable part is rotatably connected to the base frame. The second movable part is rotatably connected to the first movable part and includes a mirror which changes an optical path. The coil part includes a plurality of coil sections protruded from top surfaces of the first and second movable parts. The deformation suppression portion includes a plurality of grooves formed in the first and second movable parts between the coil sections. The deformation suppression portion suppresses a thermal deformation, which occurs when a current is applied to the coil part, so as to reduce deformations of the first and second movable parts.