Abstract: An electrostatic-image developing toner includes toner particles, layered compound particles, and inorganic particles. The inorganic particles have an average circularity of 0.910 or more and 0.995 or less. A ratio Da/Db of a number-average particle size Da of the layered compound particles to a number-average particle size Db of the inorganic particles is 1.2 or more and 43 or less.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image development toner that is negatively chargeable contains toner particles and layered-structure compound particles. The layered-structure compound particles have a volume-average particle diameter Da of 0.4 ?m or more and less than 3.0 ?m. The ratio Da/Db of the volume-average particle diameter Da of the layered-structure compound particles to the volume-average particle diameter Db of the toner particles is 0.044 or more and 0.625 or less.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developer includes a toner containing toner particles, a carrier, and an external additive containing titanium dioxide particles of two types having different refractive indexes, fatty acid metal salt particles, and an abrasive.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic image development contains: toner base particles containing at least a nonionic surfactant, a binder resin, and a release agent; and an external additive. The content of the nonionic surfactant is from 0.05% by mass to 1% by mass inclusive based on the total mass of the toner, and the external additive contains tin oxide particles.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image development toner that is negatively chargeable contains toner particles and layered-structure compound particles. The layered-structure compound particles have a volume-average particle diameter Da of 0.4 ?m or more and less than 3.0 ?m. The ratio Da/Db of the volume-average particle diameter Da of the layered-structure compound particles to the volume-average particle diameter Db of the toner particles is 0.044 or more and 0.625 or less.

Abstract: An electrostatic-image developing toner includes toner particles, layered compound particles, and inorganic particles. The inorganic particles have an average circularity of 0.910 or more and 0.995 or less. A ratio Da/Db of a number-average particle size Da of the layered compound particles to a number-average particle size Db of the inorganic particles is 1.2 or more and 43 or less.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image development toner contains toner particles and layered-structure compound particles. The layered-structure compound particles have a crystallite diameter of 150 ? or more and 250 ? or less as calculated from a maximum peak width in a Cu K? X-ray diffraction chart and have a number-average particle diameter Dn of 0.3 ?m or more and 2.0 ?m or less. The ratio Dn/Dv of a number-average particle diameter Dn of the layered-structure compound particles to a volume-average particle diameter Dv of the toner particles is 0.03 or more and 0.7 or less.

Abstract: An electrostatic-image developing toner includes toner particles, layered compound particles, and a free oil. The mass ratio Ma/Mb of the content Ma of the layered compound particles to the content Mb of the free oil is 0.05 or more and 100 or less.

Abstract: A rotary encoder may include a magnet, a magnetic sensor, and a control part configured to calculate a rotation position of the rotor body based on an output signal outputted from the magnetic sensor. The control part includes a temperature detecting section configured to detect temperature of the magnetic sensor, an offset voltage calculation section configured to calculate an offset voltage of the magnetic sensor based on the output signal from the magnetic sensor, and a storage section which stores a slope and an intercept of a primary approximate expression calculated by a relationship between temperatures previously detected by the temperature detecting section and the offset voltages previously calculated by the offset voltage calculation section. The control part executes offset voltage estimate processing based on the slope and the intercept stored in the storage section and correction processing which corrects the output signal from the magnetic sensor.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic image development contains: toner base particles containing at least a nonionic surfactant, a binder resin, and a release agent; and an external additive. The content of the nonionic surfactant is from 0.05% by mass to 1% by mass inclusive based on the total mass of the toner, and the external additive contains tin oxide particles.

Abstract: A rotary encoder may include a first sensor unit including a first magnet, and a first magnetosensitive unit facing the first magnet; a second sensor unit including a second magnet with a plurality of pairs of N poles and S poles alternately magnetized, and a second magnetosensitive unit facing the second magnet; a circuit to generate pulses for counting from an output of the second sensor unit; and a counter to count the pulses. During activation, an angle position of the rotating body is calculated based on outputs of a first and second sensor unit, and after activation, pulse counting is counted by a counter.

Abstract: A rotary encoder may include a first sensor unit comprising a first magnet, and a first magnetosensitive unit facing the first magnet; a second sensor unit comprising a second magnet, and a second magnetosensitive unit facing the second magnet; a circuit to generate pulses; a counter to count the pulses; a first arithmetic unit to calculate a first angle value based on an output of the first magnetosensitive unit; and a second arithmetic unit to calculate a second angle value based on an output of the second magnetosensitive unit. One of the first magnet and the first magnetosensitive unit is provided in the fixed body and the other is provided in the rotating body. One of the second magnet and the second magnetosensitive unit is provided in the fixed body and the other is provided in the rotating body.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic image development includes: toner base particles containing at least a nonionic surfactant, a binder resin, and a release agent; and an external additive. The content of the nonionic surfactant is from 0.05% by mass to 1% by mass inclusive based on the total mass of the toner, and the external additive contains particles with an arithmetic mean particle diameter of from 50 nm to 400 nm inclusive. The amount of the external additive released is 5% by mass or less.

Abstract: A motor may include a motor main body having a turning shaft and a motor case; a magnet that turns together with the turning shaft; a magnetism sensing element that faces the magnet; a circuit board on which the magnetism sensing element is mounted, the circuit board having a signal ground that is connected to a ground terminal of the magnetism sensing element; a circuit board holder that covers the circuit board from a side of the magnet; and a first shield member that covers the circuit board from a side opposite to the magnet. The first shield member and the circuit board holder are each made of an electrically-conductive material, and electrically connected to the signal ground.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic image development includes: toner base particles containing at least a nonionic surfactant, a binder resin, and a release agent; and an external additive. The content of the nonionic surfactant is from 0.05% by mass to 1% by mass inclusive based on the total mass of the toner. The external additive contains inorganic particles having an arithmetic mean particle diameter of from 50 nm to 400 nm inclusive and an average circularity of from 0.5 to 0.8 inclusive.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus (2000) detects an abnormal region (30) from video data (12). The information processing apparatus (2000) displays a video frame (14) in which the abnormal region (30) is detected in a first region (22) of a display device (20). Further, the information processing apparatus (2000) displays the video data (12) including the video frame (14) generated after the video frame (14) displayed in the first region in a second region (24) of the display device (20).

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing an illumination device which can improve a light distribution shape while suppressing the occurrence of glare. The illumination device according to the present invention includes an LED module and a reflector. A reflecting side surface of the reflector is obtained by rotating a curve with respect to an optical axis, the curve obtained by connecting an arc defined by a circle and an arc defined by another circle substantially inscribed to the circle.

Abstract: A rotary encoder includes a control part having a storage section storing a plurality of parameters regarding error signal components at a reference rotation speed, the error signal components respectively being superposed on an “A”-phase signal and a “B”-phase signal in proportion to a rotation speed of a rotor body, and a rotation speed calculation section structured to measure a reception interval of a requirement signal and calculate a current rotation speed of the rotor body. The control part is structured to convert a parameter stored in the storage section to a value at the current rotation speed based on a ratio between the reference rotation speed and the current rotation speed, correction processing correcting the “A”-phase signal and the “B”-phase signal is executed based on the value converted, and the rotation position of the rotor body is calculated by using a corrected “A”-phase signal and a corrected “B”-phase signal.

Abstract: Provided is an electrostatic charge image developing toner including: toner particles; and strontium titanate particles A and strontium titanate particles B having different average primary particle diameters from each other. The strontium titanate particles B have an average primary particle diameter Db of 10 nm to 100 nm. An average primary particle diameter Da of the strontium titanate particles A and the average primary particle diameter Db of the strontium titanate particles B satisfy a relationship of 10?Da/Db?100.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: a toner particle having average circularity of 0.91 or more and 0.98 or less, a silica particle externally added to the toner particle, and a strontium titanate particle that is externally added to the toner particle, that has an average primary particle diameter of 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less, that has average primary particle circularity of 0.82 or more and 0.94 or less, and circularity that becomes 84% of accumulation of the primary particle of more than 0.92.