Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a semiconductor light-emitting element or the like including a structure for suppressing deterioration in the quality of an optical image caused by an electrode blocking a part of light outputted from a phase modulation layer. The semiconductor light-emitting element includes a phase modulation layer having a basic layer and a plurality of modified refractive index regions, and the phase modulation layer includes a first region at least partially overlapping the electrode along a lamination direction and a second region other than the first region. Among the plurality of modified refractive index regions, only one or more modified refractive index regions in the second region are disposed so as to contribute to formation of an optical image.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a light-emitting device or the like having a structure capable of reducing one power of ±1st-order light with respect to the other power. The light-emitting device includes a substrate, a light-emitting portion, and a phase modulation layer including a base layer and a plurality of modified refractive index regions. Each of the plurality of modified refractive index regions has a three-dimensional shape defined by a first surface facing the substrate, a second surface positioned on a side opposite to the substrate with respect to the first surface, and a side surface. In the three-dimensional shape, at least one of the first surface, the second surface, and the side surface has a portion inclined with respect to a main surface.

Abstract: A pseudo speckle pattern generation apparatus includes a first spatial light modulator, a first lens, a second spatial light modulator, a second lens and the like. The first spatial light modulator has a first intensity modulation distribution based on a pseudo random number pattern, and spatially modulates intensity of light output from a light source and increased in beam diameter by a beam expander. The second spatial light modulator has a second intensity modulation distribution based on a filter function, is provided on a plane where a Fourier transformed pattern is generated by the first lens, and spatially modulates intensity of the light reached through the first lens. The second lens optically Fourier transforms a pattern of the light output from the second spatial light modulator to generate a Fourier transformed pattern as a pseudo speckle pattern.

Abstract: An image output device of the disclosure facilitates enlargement of a stereoscopic image and includes a spatial light modulator, an image irradiation unit, and an address light irradiation unit. The spatial light modulator includes a main surface, a back surface, and pixels, reflects light emitted to the main surface, and modulates a phase of the light for each pixel. The image irradiation unit irradiates the main surface with light including an optical image. The address light irradiation unit irradiates the back surface with address light including a diffraction grating pattern. Each pixel of the spatial light modulator changes a phase modulation amount according to the intensity of the address light from a back surface. The address light irradiation unit dynamically change a diffraction grating pattern's direction on the back surface. The image irradiation unit irradiates the main surface with the optical image corresponding to the diffraction grating pattern's direction.

Abstract: A light emission device of one embodiment reduces zero-order light included in output of an S-iPM laser. The light emission device includes a light emission unit and a phase modulation layer. The phase modulation layer has a base layer and modified refractive index regions each including modified refractive index elements. In each unit constituent region centered on a lattice point of an imaginary square lattice set on the phase modulation layer, the distance from the corresponding lattice point to each of the centers of gravity of the modified refractive index elements is greater than 0.30 times and is not greater than 0.50 times of the lattice spacing. In addition, the distance from the corresponding lattice point to the center of gravity of the modified refractive index elements as a whole is greater than 0 and is not greater than 0.30 times of the lattice spacing.

Abstract: In a semiconductor light emitting element provided with an active layer 4, a pair of cladding layers 2, 7 between which the active layer 4 is interposed, and a phase modulation layer 6 optically coupled to the active layer 4, the phase modulation layer 6 includes a base layer 6A and a plurality of different refractive index regions 6B having different refractive indices from the base layer 6A. When an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system having a thickness direction of the phase modulation layer 6 as a Z-axis direction is set and a square lattice of a virtual lattice constant a is set in an XY plane, each of the different refractive index regions 6B is disposed so that a centroid position G thereof is shifted from a lattice point position in a virtual square lattice by a distance r, and the distance r is 0<r?0.3a.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a metalens unit including a metalens having a structure for reducing a thickness. The metalens unit includes a metalens and a holding portion for the metalens. The metalens includes a base portion and a first antenna portion. The first antenna portion is constituted by a plurality of first antennas each having a first refractive index and a first intermediate portion having a second refractive index and positioned between the plurality of first antennas. A first antenna portion is formed such that one-dimensional arrangement constituted by some of end surfaces of the plurality of first antennas includes a pattern in which at least one of a size of the end surface, a shape of the end surface, and an arrangement pitch is changed along a reference line.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a light emission device capable of removing zero-order light from output light of an S-iPM laser. The light emission device comprises an active layer and a phase modulation layer. The phase modulation layer includes a base layer and a plurality of modified refractive index regions. In a state in which a virtual square lattice is set on the phase modulation layer, a center of gravity of each modified refractive index region is separated from a corresponding lattice point, and a rotation angle around each lattice point that decides a position of the center of gravity of each modified refractive index region is set according to a phase distribution for forming an optical image. A lattice spacing and an emission wavelength satisfy a condition of M-point oscillation in a reciprocal lattice space of the phase modulation layer.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a light emitting device having a structure capable of removing zero order light from output light of an S-iPM laser. The light emitting device includes a semiconductor light emitting element and a light shielding member. The semiconductor light emitting element includes an active layer, a pair of cladding layers, and a phase modulation layer. The phase modulation layer has a basic layer and a plurality of modified refractive index regions, each of which is individually disposed at a specific position. The light shielding member has a function of passing through a specific optical image output along an inclined direction and shielding zero order light output along a normal direction of a light emitting surface.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a light emitting device having a structure capable of removing zero order light from output light of an S-iPM laser. The light emitting device includes a semiconductor light emitting element and a light shielding member. The semiconductor light emitting element includes an active layer, a pair of cladding layers, and a phase modulation layer. The phase modulation layer has a basic layer and a plurality of modified refractive index regions, each of which is individually disposed at a specific position. The light shielding member has a function of passing through a specific optical image output along an inclined direction and shielding zero order light output along a normal direction of a light emitting surface.

Abstract: A light sheet microscope includes an irradiation optical system, a detection optical system, and a photodetector. The irradiation optical system includes a wavelength sweep light source which outputs light of which a wavelength changes with time as excitation light, a spectroscopic element on which the excitation light output from the wavelength sweep light source is incident and which emits the excitation light at an emission angle corresponding to a wavelength of the excitation light, a relay optical system which includes a cylindrical lens on which the excitation light emitted from the spectroscopic element is incident at an incident angle corresponding to the emission angle, and a first objective lens which condenses the excitation light guided by the relay optical system and irradiates the sample with the excitation light having a sheet shape.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a metasurface structural body or the like having a structure for achieving desired optical characteristics. The metasurface structural body includes a base member having a first surface and a second surface opposing each other, and a plurality of antennas as a plurality of fine structures arranged along the first surface. The base member has a base portion and an adjacent portion. The antennas each has a first refractive index and an antenna end surface constituting a part of the first surface. The adjacent portion is provided such that a part thereof is positioned between the antennas, the adjacent portion having a second refractive index different from the first refractive index and an adjacent-portion end surface constituting a remaining part of the first surface. The antenna end surfaces and the adjacent-portion end surface form a flat surface as the first surface.

Abstract: A quantum simulator includes a pseudo speckle pattern generator, a main vacuum chamber, an atomic gas supply unit, a light beam generator, a photodetector, and an atom number detector. The pseudo speckle pattern generator generates a pseudo speckle pattern in the inside of the main vacuum chamber by light allowed to enter the inside of the main vacuum chamber through the second window. The pseudo speckle pattern generator includes a controller, a light source, a beam expander, a spatial light modulator, and a lens. The controller sets a modulation distribution of the spatial light modulator based on a two-dimensional pseudo random number pattern.

Abstract: The embodiment relates to a light-emitting device in which a positional relationship between a modified refractive index region's gravity-center position and the associated lattice point differs from a conventional device, and a production method. In this device, a stacked body including a light-emitting portion and a phase modulation layer optically coupled to the light-emitting portion is on a substrate. The phase modulation layer includes a base layer and plural modified refractive index regions in the base layer. Each modified refractive index region's gravity-center position locates on a virtual straight line passing through a corresponding reference lattice point among lattice points of a virtual square lattice on the base layer's design plane. A distance between the reference lattice point and the modified refractive index region's gravity center along the virtual straight line is individually set such that this device outputs light forming an optical image.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a light-emitting device or the like having a structure capable of reducing one power of ±1st-order light with respect to the other power. The light-emitting device includes a substrate, a light-emitting portion, and a phase modulation layer including a base layer and a plurality of modified refractive index regions. Each of the plurality of modified refractive index regions has a three-dimensional shape defined by a first surface facing the substrate, a second surface positioned on a side opposite to the substrate with respect to the first surface, and a side surface. In the three-dimensional shape, at least one of the first surface, the second surface, and the side surface has a portion inclined with respect to a main surface.

Abstract: A quantum simulator includes a pseudo speckle pattern generator, a main vacuum chamber, an atomic gas supply unit, a light beam generator, a photodetector, and an atom number detector. The pseudo speckle pattern generator generates a pseudo speckle pattern in the inside of the main vacuum chamber by light allowed to enter the inside of the main vacuum chamber through the second window. The pseudo speckle pattern generator includes a controller, a light source, a beam expander, a spatial light modulator, and a lens. The controller sets a modulation distribution of the spatial light modultor based on a two-dimensional pseudo random number pattern.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a semiconductor light emitting element having a structure that enables removal of zero-order light from output light of an S-iPM laser. The semiconductor light emitting element includes an active layer, a pair of cladding layers, and a phase modulation layer. The phase modulation layer has a base layer and a plurality of modified refractive index regions each of which is individually arranged at a specific position. One of the pair of cladding layers includes a distributed Bragg reflector layer which has a transmission characteristic with respect to a specific optical image outputted along an inclined direction with respect to a light emission surface and has a reflection characteristic with respect to the zero-order light outputted along a normal direction of the light emission surface.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a light-emitting device that enables reduction in attenuation or diffraction effect caused by a semiconductor light-emitting device with respect to modulated light outputted from a spatial light modulator, and the light-emitting device includes the semiconductor light-emitting device that outputs light from a light output surface and the reflection type spatial light modulator that modulates the light. The spatial light modulator includes a light input/output surface having the area larger than the area of a light input surface of the semiconductor light-emitting device, modulates light taken through a region facing the light output surface of the semiconductor light-emitting device in the light input/output surface, and outputs the modulated light from another region of the light input/output surface to a space other than the light input surface of the semiconductor light-emitting device.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a semiconductor light emitting element having a structure that enables removal of zero-order light from output light of an S-iPM laser. The semiconductor light emitting element includes an active layer, a pair of cladding layers, and a phase modulation layer. The phase modulation layer has a base layer and a plurality of modified refractive index regions each of which is individually arranged at a specific position. One of the pair of cladding layers includes a distributed Bragg reflector layer which has a transmission characteristic with respect to a specific optical image outputted along an inclined direction with respect to a light emission surface and has a reflection characteristic with respect to the zero-order light outputted along a normal direction of the light emission surface.

Abstract: A pseudo speckle pattern generation apparatus includes a first spatial light modulator, a first lens, a second spatial light modulator, a second lens and the like. The first spatial light modulator has a first intensity modulation distribution based on a pseudo random number pattern, and spatially modulates intensity of light output from a light source and increased in beam diameter by a beam expander. The second spatial light modulator has a second intensity modulation distribution based on a filter function, is provided on a plane where a Fourier transformed pattern is generated by the first lens, and spatially modulates intensity of the light reached through the first lens. The second lens optically Fourier transforms a pattern of the light output from the second spatial light modulator to generate a Fourier transformed pattern as a pseudo speckle pattern.