Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide methods and systems for analyzing the ophthalmic anatomy of a patient posterior to the cornea. The method may include scanning a focus of a femtosecond laser beam along a path within the patient's eye. A portion of the path may be disposed posterior to the patient's cornea. The method may also include acquiring a first reflectance image and a second reflectance image associated with the focus disposed respectively at a first location of the path and a second location of the path. The method may further include determining the presence or absence of an ophthalmic anatomical feature of the eye based on a comparison between the first reflectance image and the second reflectance image.

Abstract: Methods and systems for treating presbyopia are provided. In accordance with an embodiment, by way of example only, a method of treating presbyopia of an eye includes ablating the stroma to form a final ablated shape in the stroma, the final ablated shape including a central zone defined by a concavity having a central zone depth and a central zone diameter, the central zone depth and the central zone diameter each selected to provide the cornea with a near-vision add power after the epithelium is regenerated over the stroma.

Abstract: System and method of photoaltering a material. The system includes a laser source operable to produce a primary pulsed beam, a holographic optical element configured to receive the primary pulsed beam and transmit a plurality of secondary beams, and a scanner operable to direct the secondary beams to the material. The secondary beams are based on the primary pulsed beam. The method includes phase shifting a pulsed laser beam to produce an input beam, holographically altering the input beam to produce a plurality of transmission beams, and scanning a portion of the material with the transmission beams.

Abstract: A support is coupled to the lens capsule to increase accommodation. The support may be adjustable, such that patient refraction and accommodation can be adjusted following surgery. The support may comprise rigidity sufficient to decrease radial movement of the intermediate portion of the lens capsule. The support can be placed on the intermediate portion to decrease radial movement of the intermediate portion of the lens capsule and increase radial stretching of an outer portion of the lens capsule extending between the zonules and the intermediate portion coupled to the support, such that the amount of accommodation of the eye is increased. The support may comprise a biocompatible material capable of stable coupling to the lens capsule following implantation, such that the far vision refraction and accommodation of the eye can be stable following surgery.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus treat the lens capsule so as to increase accommodation of the eye. The treatment of the lens capsule may comprise treating a portion of the lens capsule so as to stiffen the treated portion and improve accommodation of the eye. The intermediate portion of the lens capsule may located between an optically used central portion of the lens capsule and a peripheral portion of the lens capsule connected to zonules of the eye. The stiffened intermediate portion of the lens capsule can improve coupling of the peripheral portion of the lens capsule to the central portion of the lens capsule, such that an amount of accommodation of the optically used central portion of the lens is increased. As the force of the lens capsule to a lens disposed within the lens capsule is increased, the lens may comprise the natural lens of the eye or an artificial lens such as an accommodative IOL.

Abstract: Methods and systems for treating presbyopia are provided. In accordance with an embodiment, by way of example only, a method of treating presbyopia of an eye includes ablating the stroma to form a final ablated shape in the stroma, the final ablated shape including a central zone defined by a concavity having a central zone depth and a central zone diameter, the central zone depth and the central zone diameter each selected to provide the cornea with a near-vision add power after the epithelium is regenerated over the stroma.

Abstract: System and method of intrastromal refractive correction. The system includes a laser source operable to produce a pulsed beam, a scanner operable to direct the pulsed beam at the eye, and a controller coupled to the laser source and the scanner. The controller determines an intrastromal incision pattern based on a refractive condition of an eye, and directs the scanner to intrastromally incise the pattern in an applanated cornea with the pulsed beam. Following de-applanation, the cornea is reshaped in response to the intrastromal incision pattern to correct the refractive condition.

Abstract: System and method of photoaltering a material. The system includes a laser source operable to produce a primary pulsed beam, a holographic optical element configured to receive the primary pulsed beam and transmit a plurality of secondary beams, and a scanner operable to direct the secondary beams to the material. The secondary beams are based on the primary pulsed beam. The method includes phase shifting a pulsed laser beam to produce an input beam, holographically altering the input beam to produce a plurality of transmission beams, and scanning a portion of the material with the transmission beams.

Abstract: System and method of photoaltering a material. The system includes a laser source operable to produce a primary pulsed beam, a holographic optical element configured to receive the primary pulsed beam and transmit a plurality of secondary beams, and a scanner operable to direct the secondary beams to the material. The secondary beams are based on the primary pulsed beam. The method includes phase shifting a pulsed laser beam to produce an input beam, holographically altering the input beam to produce a plurality of transmission beams, and scanning a portion of the material with the transmission beams.

Abstract: A single arm optical coherence tomography (OCT) pachymetry system and methods for measuring layers of the eye are disclosed. The system includes an artificial lens for positioning on the eye, a light source emitting a measurement light beam along an optical path posteriorly toward the cornea, and a detector receiving and measuring a combined signal of light reflections anteriorly from a plurality of reflecting surfaces associated with the eye. The reflecting surfaces include a first reflecting surface associated with the artificial lens and one or more second reflecting surfaces corresponding to corneal layers. A processor is coupled to the detector and is configured to determine a distance between two of the corneal layers from the combined signal.

Abstract: A single arm optical coherence tomography (OCT) pachymetry system and methods for measuring layers of the eye are disclosed. The system includes an artificial lens for positioning on the eye, a light source emitting a measurement light beam along an optical path posteriorly toward the cornea, and a detector receiving and measuring a combined signal of light reflections anteriorly from a plurality of reflecting surfaces associated with the eye. The reflecting surfaces include a first reflecting surface associated with the artificial lens and one or more second reflecting surfaces corresponding to corneal layers. A processor is coupled to the detector and is configured to determine a distance between two of the corneal layers from the combined signal.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method and system for determining the position and alignment of a plane in relation to an intersecting axis and using that known position and alignment to allow for corrections to be made when using the plane as a reference plane. More particularly, the invention relates to a method and system for determining the angle of tilt of a planar surface in relation to a laser beam, and using the determined angle of tilt to calculate a correction factor to be applied to the laser beam. Briefly stated, the method and system ultimately calculates a correction factor, z-offset, that is applied when using the laser beam in a procedure.

Abstract: An electric discharge, narrow band gas laser with improvements in wavelength stability. Improvements result from reduced laser beam directional fluctuations or fast correction of those fluctuations. Applicant has discovered, using an extremely sensitive knife edge optical technique, that gas discharge laser windows in a trapezoidal configuration were causing slight wavelength perturbations when laser gas density varied during laser operation. The optical technique involves using test laser beam directed through the discharge region of the gas discharge laser, blocking a portion of the beam with a knife edge and measuring the non-blocked portion of the beam to monitor beam deflection. With this technique, Applicant can measure beams deflection with an accuracy of about 0.3 microradians and with a time response of about 1 microsecond.

Abstract: A phototherapeutical apparatus and method are described. The apparatus includes an ultraviolet light source, an optical guidance system, and a patient interface. The patient interface is insertable at least partially into a body cavity and is operable to apply the guided ultraviolet light to a tissue surface of a body cavity. The method includes providing the phototherapeutical apparatus, preparing for the application of the phototherapeutical apparatus, inserting the patient interface at least partially into a body cavity, and applying the ultraviolet light by the patient interface to a tissue surface of a body cavity, wherein the tissue of the body cavity has an inflammatory or a hyperproliferative disease. The inflammatory diseases include rhinitis, sinusitis and rhinosinusitis. A photochemotherapeutical method is also described, using photosensitizing substances, such as psoralen before treatment with ultraviolet light.

Abstract: An electric discharge, narrow band gas laser with improvements in wavelength stability. Improvements result from reduced laser beam directional fluctuations or fast correction of those fluctuations. Applicant has discovered, using an extremely sensitive knife edge optical technique, that gas discharge laser windows in a trapezoidal configuration were causing slight wavelength perturbations when laser gas density varied during laser operation. The optical technique involves using test laser beam directed through the discharge region of the gas discharge laser, blocking a portion of the beam with a knife edge and measuring the non-blocked portion of the beam to monitor beam deflection. With this technique, Applicant can measure beams deflection with an accuracy of about 0.3 microradians and with a time response of about 1 microsecond.

Abstract: A photoadjuvant immunotherapeutical method includes the steps of providing a phototherapeutical apparatus, comprising a light source, an optical guidance system, and a patient interface; determining a minimal erythema dose; performing phototherapy by irradiating a target surface with the phototherapeutical apparatus; and performing immunotherapy by exposing the irradiated target surface to an antigen. The method can be applied to treat allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis, as well as to treat autoimmune diseases. UVA, UVB and visible light can be used, emitted from a quartz bulb with a small discharge volume. The phototherapy increases the tolerance of a patient's body toward an antigen. During immunotherapy the irradiated target surface can be exposed to a naturally present antigen or to an administered antigen.

Abstract: A phototherapeutical apparatus and method are described. The apparatus includes an ultraviolet light source, an optical guidance system, and a patient interface. The patient interface is insertable at least partially into a body cavity and is operable to apply the guided ultraviolet light to a tissue surface of a body cavity. The method includes providing the phototherapeutical apparatus, preparing for the application of the phototherapeutical apparatus, inserting the patient interface at least partially into a body cavity, and applying the ultraviolet light by the patient interface to a tissue surface of a body cavity, wherein the tissue of the body cavity has an inflammatory or a hyperproliferative disease. The inflammatory diseases include rhinitis, sinusitis and rhinosinusitis. A photochemotherapeutical method is also described, using photosensitizing substances, such as psoralen before treatment with ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A phototherapeutical apparatus and method are described. The apparatus includes an ultraviolet light source, an optical guidance system, and a patient interface. The patient interface is insertable at least partially into a body cavity and is operable to apply the guided ultraviolet light to a tissue surface of a body cavity. The method includes providing the phototherapeutical apparatus, preparing for the application of the phototherapeutical apparatus, inserting the patient interface at least partially into a body cavity, and applying the ultraviolet light by the patient interface to a tissue surface of a body cavity, wherein the tissue of the body cavity has an inflammatory or a hyperproliferative disease. The inflammatory diseases include rhinitis, sinusitis and rhinosinusitis. A photochemotherapeutical method is also described, using photosensitizing substances, such as psoralen before treatment with ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A phototherapeutical apparatus and method are described. The apparatus includes an ultraviolet light source, an optical guidance system, and a patient interface. The patient interface is insertable at least partially into a body cavity and is operable to apply the guided ultraviolet light to a tissue surface of a body cavity. The method includes providing the phototherapeutical apparatus, preparing for the application of the phototherapeutical apparatus, inserting the patient interface at least partially into a body cavity, and applying the ultraviolet light by the patient interface to a tissue surface of a body cavity, wherein the tissue of the body cavity has an inflammatory or a hyperproliferative disease. The inflammatory diseases include rhinitis, sinusitis and rhinosinusitis. A photochemotherapeutical method is also described, using photosensitizing substances, such as psoralen before treatment with ultraviolet light.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method and system for determining the position and alignment of a plane in relation to an intersecting axis and using that known position and alignment to allow for corrections to be made when using the plane as a reference plane. More particularly, the invention relates to a method and system for determining the angle of tilt of a planar surface in relation to a laser beam, and using the determined angle of tilt to calculate a correction factor to be applied to the laser beam. Briefly stated, the method and system ultimately calculates a correction factor, z-offset, that is applied when using the laser beam in a procedure.