SYSTEM FOR STORING WATER
A system for storing water in or under a concrete slab of the type in which one or more void forming elements are used to form one or more voids in the concrete slab. The system comprises one or more water storage means, such as pipes (12, 14, 26, 18 and 20) positioned in the one or more void forming elements (10) and at least one port (26) for supplying water to the one or more water storage means. The void forming elements may be boxes.
The present invention relates to a system for storing water. In another aspect, the present invention relates to a concrete slab used in the construction of a building. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a method for forming a system for storing water. In yet a further aspect, the present invention relates to a method for forming a concrete slab.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONDrought conditions frequently extend across large areas of the Australian continent. This can lead to restrictions in the supply of water to even capital cities which, in turn, can result in water supply authorities imposing quite strict restrictions on the use of water.
As a result of recent drought conditions across Australia, it is becoming more commonplace for households to want to obtain a separate store of water that the households can use for purposes such as watering of gardens and washing of cars that are banned from use under harsh water restrictions that apply if using reticulated water from the water supply. The typical solution sought in response to the desire to have a separate store of water involves collecting rainwater from the roof of a building and storing that rainwater in a rainwater tank or a rainwater bladder. Furthermore, a number of local councils are now requiring that all new dwellings include some form of rainwater storage on the premises.
Although rainwater tanks are becoming much more prevalent, rainwater tanks and rainwater bladders occupy a large area, are obtrusive and are prone to damage.
Construction of buildings, such as residential housing and commercial buildings, on building sites that have reactive soils or problem soils, has posed many challenges to the construction industry. As is known to persons skilled in the art, reactive soils undergo significant swelling as their moisture content increases and significant shrinkage as their moisture content decreases. Consequently, reactive soils typically exhibit significant variations in soil height. Therefore, the construction industry faces significant issues in designing and building foundations and slabs for buildings located on reactive soil sites.
One possible solutions that is used to combat the difficulties faced in building on building sites that have reactive soils or problems soils involves use of floating concrete slabs, particularly in residential housing and small commercial buildings. Floating concrete slabs are formed on the soil surface. The floating slab is designed to be very stiff and very strong. If the soil shrinks (for example, during a prolonged dry spell), the soil shrinks away from the concrete slab, particularly around the edges of the slab. Due to the strength of the slab, the slab is strong enough so that any unsupported regions underneath the slab do not break. Similarly, if the soil expands, the slab can shift upwardly with the expanding soil.
Originally, floating slabs were very thick and required exceedingly large amounts of concrete. Consequently, those slabs were also very expensive to construct. In order to address these issues, so-called “waffle raft” slabs were developed. Waffle raft slabs are formed by setting out formwork on the ground, positioning a plurality of void forming elements (typically expanded polystyrene boxes or, on occasions, cardboard boxes) at desired positions, placing appropriate reinforcement material and pouring concrete. The void forming elements reduce the amount of concrete required in the slab and result in the formation of a slab having a plurality of ribs, set out typically in a grid pattern. If the slab could be viewed from underneath, it would resemble the surface of a waffle, hence the name “waffle raft slab”. Such slabs are also called “waffle pod slabs”.
Throughout this specification, the word “comprising” and its grammatical equivalents shall be taken to have an inclusive meaning unless the context of use indicates otherwise.
The applicants does not concede that the prior art discussed in this specification forms part of the common general knowledge in Australia or elsewhere.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONIt is an object of the present invention to overcome or at least ameliorate one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a system for storing water in or under a concrete slab of the type in which one or more void forming elements are used to form one or more voids in the concrete slab, the system comprising one or more water storage means positioned in the one or more void forming elements and at least one port for supplying water to the one or more water storage means.
In practice, the void forming elements will typically comprise boxes. For convenience, the invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the void forming elements being in the form of boxes. However, it will be appreciated that the present invention encompasses other void forming elements as well.
The system for storing water includes at least one port for supplying water to the one or more water storage means. The at least one port may also be used for extracting or removing water from the system for storing water.
The at least one port is desirably placed into fluid communication with the roof, and guttering and/or down pipe(s) of the building. In this fashion, the water storage system of the present invention can collect rainwater from the roof of the building.
The system may also be provided with one or more water outlets for removing water therefrom. The one or more water outlets may be in the form of one or more sumps. The one or more water outlets may be in the form of one or more valves or taps.
The water storage system may be provided with one or more filters, first flush diverters or other bypass arrangements. These products are designed to ensure that the collected rain water entering the water storage system is relatively clean. Other products that can be used to improve the quality of the water entering the water storage system may also be used.
The one or more water storage means may comprise one or more pipes.
The water storage system may include at least one manifold that is connected to at least one down pipe from the roof or guttering of the building. The at least one manifold may include one or more outlets that are connected to one or more of the water storage means. The at least one manifold may include two or more outlets that are connected to the water storage means.
In one embodiment, the concrete slab is provided with a plurality of void forming elements that are spaced from each other, two or more of the void forming elements having water storage means located therein, and the system further includes conduit means interconnecting one of the water storage means to another of the water storage means.
In some embodiments, the water storage means includes a plurality of pipe modules, each module being positioned in a void forming element, and one or more of the pipe modules being connected to and into fluid communication with another of the pipe modules. In other embodiments, the water storage means may comprise one or more tanks or one or more pipes.
The void forming elements may be in the form of boxes made from expanded polystyrene. The void forming elements may also be in the form of cardboard boxes.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a concrete slab for a building in which one or more void forming elements form one or more voids in the concrete slab, characterized in that the slab includes one or more water storage means positioned in the one or more void forming elements.
The concrete slab of the second aspect of the present invention may include other features as described with reference to embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for forming a concrete slab for a building comprising the steps of placing one or more void forming elements at required locations, placing reinforcement as required and pouring concrete to cover the void forming elements and reinforcement, wherein one or more water storage means are positioned in the void forming elements.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method for forming a water storage system comprising the steps of placing one or more void forming elements at required locations, placing reinforcement as required and pouring concrete to cover the void forming elements and reinforcement, wherein one or more water storage means are positioned in the void forming elements.
The present invention provides a water storage system that is positioned out of sight and therefore does not occupy space that the building owner may otherwise wish to utilize for other uses. The water storage system is effectively positioned underneath the building slab and is therefore protected against damage by the building slab. As the water storage means, such as the water storage pipes, is positioned in the boxes, if there is expansion of the ground underneath the slab, the pipes have a degree of movement available to them that allows the pipes to move upwardly. This upward movement of the pipes is accommodated by the compressibility of the material, such as expanded polystyrene or cardboard, from which the boxes are made.
In some embodiments, the void forming elements are in the form of boxes and the boxes may be pre-assembled with the water storage means positioned therein prior to delivery to a building site. In this manner, relatively quick completion of the building slab and the water storage system can be achieved.
According to a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a box for use in the construction of waffle slabs, characterized in that the box includes a water storage means positioned below an upper surface of the box.
In a further embodiment, the water storage system may be mounted inside a wall of the structure or building wall attached to the wall of structure or building. Desirably, the water storage means is positioned inside a box. The box may be made from expanded polystyrene. The box may be mounted to the wall. In this embodiment, the box is desirably able to be rendered, painted or clad in an aesthetically pleasing finish.
It will be understood that the drawings have been provided for the purposes of illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be considered to be limited to the features as shown in the attached drawings.
Throughout the attached drawings, the direction of water flow is shown by arrows.
The box 10 is fitted with a plurality of pipes 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20. These pipes are sequentially connected by means of connectors 22. An elbow joint 24, positioned outside the rear wall of the box 10 and connected to an inlet region of pipe 12 is connected to a vertical riser pipe 26, such as a downpipe.
The end 28 of pipe 20 extends out through the front wall of the box 10. End 28 provides an outlet.
In assembling the pipe layout as shown in
The boxes shown in
The boxes shown in
In the arrangement shown in
It will be appreciated that the arrangement of boxes shown in
Box 50 includes a water inlet 74. Box 62 includes a water inlet 76. Water inlets 74 and 76 are connected to a manifold 78 that, in turn, is connected to down pipes via vertical pipes and 80, 82. Therefore, manifold 78 collects water from two down pipes and supplies water to the pipe systems contained within the boxes. The manifold 78 may suitably be positioned externally to the slab and externally to a wall of the building.
The pipes that are used in the piping layout in the boxes shown in
Also shown in
If the ground underneath the slab 120 expands (for example, due to increasing moisture content in the soil), the slab 120 and the boxes 110, 114 are pushed upwardly. If there is any differential expansion of the ground, the differential movement can be accommodated by the pipes compressing the material from which the boxes 110, 114 are made and also by the pipe being able to move within any gaps that exist between the pipe and the box.
In order to construct a slab utilizing the boxes as shown in
The down pipe 158 may include a first coarse filter 160, a second fine filter 162 and a finer still filter 164. This ensures that particulate material, such as dirt, leaves and the like, are filtered from the water before it enters the water storage system contained in the boxes. The filters 160, 162 and 164 may be removable for cleaning.
The water storage system of the present invention provides a water storage system that does not undesirably occupy space. The present inventor has calculated that using pipes having a diameter of 160 mm within the boxes will allow for approximate 20,000 L of storage volume in an average size house. The water storage system may also be placed under driveways or under patios or verandas.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be susceptible to variations and modifications other than those specifically described. It will be understood that the present invention encompasses all such variations and modifications that fall within its spirit and scope.
Claims
1. A system for storing water in or under a concrete slab of the type in which one or more void forming elements are used to form one or more voids in the concrete slab, the system comprising one or more water storage means positioned in the one or more void forming elements and at least one port for supplying water to the one or more water storage means.
2. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least one port is also used for extracting or removing water from the system for storing water.
3. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least one port is placed into fluid communication with the roof, and guttering and/or down pipe(s) of a building.
4. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the system is further provided with one or more water outlets for removing water therefrom.
5. A system as claimed in claim 4 wherein the one or more water outlets comprise one or more sumps or one or more valves or taps.
6. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the one or more water storage means comprise one or more pipes.
7. A system as claimed in claim 1 further comprising at least one manifold that is connected to at least one down pipe from the roof or guttering of the building.
8. A system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the least one manifold includes one or more outlets that are connected to one or more of the water storage means.
9. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the concrete slab is provided with a plurality of void forming elements that are spaced from each other, two or more of the void forming elements having water storage means located therein, and the system further includes conduit means interconnecting one of the water storage means to another water storage means.
10. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the water storage means includes a plurality of pipe modules, each module being positioned in a void forming element, and one or more of the pipe modules being connected to and in fluid communication with another of the pipe modules.
11. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the void forming elements comprise boxes made from expanded polystyrene or cardboard boxes.
12. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the water storage system is provided with one or more filters or first flush diverters.
13. A concrete slab for a building in which one or more void forming elements form one or more voids in the concrete slab, characterized in that the slab includes one or more water storage means positioned within the one or more void forming elements.
14. A method for forming a concrete slab for a building comprising the steps of placing one or more void forming elements at required locations, placing reinforcement as required and pouring concrete to cover the void forming elements and reinforcement, wherein one or more water storage means are positioned in the void forming elements.
15. A method for forming a water storage system comprising the steps of placing one or more void forming elements at required locations, placing reinforcement as required and pouring concrete to cover the void forming elements and reinforcement, wherein one or more water storage means are positioned in the void forming elements.
16. A box for use in the construction of waffle slabs, characterized in that the box includes a water storage means positioned below an upper surface of the box.
17. A box characterized in that the box includes a water storage means positioned therein, the box being adapted to be mounted inside a wall or to a wall of a structure or building.
Type: Application
Filed: Jun 29, 2007
Publication Date: Jan 1, 2009
Applicant: H2O HIVE HOLDINGS PTY LTD (ORMEAU)
Inventors: MATTHEW THOMAS WOODS (Queensland), Bernard Thomas Woods (Queensland)
Application Number: 11/771,938
International Classification: E03B 3/03 (20060101); E04C 2/52 (20060101);