Environmental air sterilization system
The present invention is a high volume, wall-mountable air sanitation apparatus for disinfecting and removing VOCs from air with high energy UV light and ozone. The apparatus has a powerful fan and an elongated UV light source and target for use with the movement of a large volume of air. The target includes a mesh and a secondary target both comprising a target compound which creates hydro-peroxides, super oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals in the presence of water also for removing pollutants in the air.
Latest BOC, Inc. Patents:
This invention relates to an air treatment apparatus, and more particularly to a wall-mountable, high volume air treatment apparatus for the removal of contaminants such as pollutants, organisms and odors from air.
Airborne pollutants, organisms and odors are all major concerns in indoor air quality assessment. Solid pollutants such as dust or other particulates may be removed by a filtering mechanism. However, organic compounds and organisms in the atmosphere are more difficult to remove by filter, and need a very fine filter or other specialized equipment. Chemicals and bactericidal agents are known in the prior art to combat airborne organisms. Deodorants are known in the art to mask odors that may be found in the indoor air, but they do nothing to actually eliminate those odors. Unfortunately, chemicals and bactericidal agents must be replaced regularly and are not always effective in the elimination of the pollutants and organisms. In fact, the misuse of bactericidal agents may actually cause the mutation of the bacteria into strain resistant to that agent.
The use of ozone is commonly known in the prior art for freshening air and removing odors. Ozone is generated by a variety of methods. One known method is to subject air to high intensity UV light, such as that at approximately 185 nm. The flow of oxygen over the UV light, and the dimensions of the light, and the intensity of the light are known to be important factors in generating ozone, because it is commonly known that high concentrations of ozone are undesirable for humans. In fact, most literature teaches away from the use of high intensity UV light to treat air because of the danger to humans. Systems known in the art which use ozone to freshen air and remove odors do not effectively remove organic pollutants and organisms. Moreover, these systems are incapable of handling large volumes of air.
Hydro peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals are known to oxidize volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These radicals and ions also kill and decompose airborne bacteria and other airborne organisms. This process is known as heterogeneous photocatalysis or photocatalytic oxidation (PCO). PCO is particularly desirable for treating VOCs because these materials are oxidized and are therefore eliminated rather than merely captured or removed from the airstream. Thus PCO is preferable to a filter mechanism, because filters must be replaced or cleaned regularly. PCO reactors also have low power consumption, long service life and low maintenance requirements. Also, a filtration system would be expensive and impractical for the cleansing of large volumes of air. Moreover, using several small units for freshening air would be overly expensive and still would not efficiently cleanse a large volume of air.
Thus, there is no viable apparatus for effectively freshening air and removing odors from a large volume of air.
There is also no wall-mounted apparatus that could effectively freshen air and remove odors.
There is no effective means for freshening a large volume of air that safely and efficiently uses ozone, hydro peroxides, super oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals.
It is, therefore, to the effective resolution of the aforementioned problems and shortcomings of the prior art that the present invention is directed.
However, in view of the prior art at the time the present invention was made, it was not obvious to those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art how the identified needs could be fulfilled.
SUMMARY OF INVENTIONThe present invention comprises A high volume, wall-mountable air sanitation apparatus for disinfecting and removing VOCs from air with an elongated high energy UV light source and ozone, comprising a casing, a means for moving air, the air moving across at least one elongated target comprising a target compound, said target compound comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, copper and silver; and a high energy UV light source adapted to direct UV light toward the air and the target whereby the UV striking the air and the target will generate at least one selected from the group of hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals. It is preferred that the target compound further comprises approximately 0-30% titanium dioxide, 0-30% silver, and 0-30% copper, by weight. It is also preferred that the target compound further comprises a hydration compound of silica gel.
The preferred shape of the target is a mesh at least partially located between the UV light source and the air. The UV light source emits UV light at a wavelength of approximately 185 nm. In the preferred embodiment, the UV light source emits UV light at between 185 nm and 254 nm. In an alternative embodiment, the target further comprises a secondary element located a predetermined distance from the wire mesh, whereby at least a portion of the UV light coming through the mesh strikes the secondary element. It is also preferred that the secondary element is made of a target compound comprising approximately 0-30% titanium dioxide, 0-30% silver, and 0-30% copper, by weight.
It is preferred that the apparatus includes a fan located in the interior of the casing. Also, a particulate filter may be included for removing particulates from the air before the air is moved over the target compound. When in use, reflected and refracted UV light is visible from the exterior of the casing through the blades of the fan.
The UV light source comprises one or more UV lights. The UV lights are preferably mercury vapor UV light sources capable of emitting between approximately 185 nm UV light and approximately 254 nm UV light. Preferably, at least one separate mesh target surrounds each UV light. However, a single mesh target may be affected by more than one UV light source.
The invention is also an apparatus for efficiently disinfecting and removing VOCs from air with high energy UV light, comprising a high energy UV light source capable of generating ozone from oxygen in air, a mesh target located at least partway between the high energy UV light source and the air, the target including a target compound comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, copper and silver, whereby the UV light and the target compound generate in the presence of water at least one selected from the group of hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals; and a secondary target element located a predetermined distance from the mesh target, the secondary target element including the target compound, whereby at least a portion of the UV light that passes through the mesh target strikes the secondary target element, thereby generating additional hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals to that generated by the mesh target. It is also preferred in this embodiment that the air generally flows between the mesh target and the secondary target. Also, it is preferred that the secondary target acts as a conduit for the moving air.
The preferred target compound includes a hydration compound of silica gel. The preferred UV light source is one or more mercury vapor UV lights of a predetermined geometry.
The invention is also a wall-mountable method for treating a large volume of air, comprising: directing the large volume of air toward a target comprising a target, said target comprising a compound consisting of titanium dioxide, silver and copper; and directing UV light toward the target, said the UV light being at a wavelength sufficient to generate ozone from oxygen in the air and being sufficient to generate at least one selected from the group consisting of hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals from interaction with the compound in the presence of water.
In this method, the target may be solely a mesh located generally between the air and the UV light. Alternatively, the target may include a secondary element located a predetermined distance from the mesh whereby the air generally passes between the mesh and the secondary element and UV light passing through the mesh strikes the secondary target element, thereby generating additional hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals to that generated by the mesh target.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a viable apparatus for effectively freshening air and removing odors from a large volume of air.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a wall-mounted apparatus that could effectively freshen air and remove odors.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method for freshening a large volume of air that safely and efficiently uses ozone, hydro-peroxides, super oxide ions, hydroxyl radicals and UV radiation.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are explanatory and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and together with the general description, serve to explain principles of the present invention.
These and other important objects, advantages, and features of the invention will become clear as this description proceeds.
The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts that will be exemplified in the description set forth hereinafter and the scope of the invention will be indicated in the claims.
For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
As
As in
The preferred UV light source 40 is shown generally in FIG. 11. The preferred UV light source 40, as shown, has a portion 50, which emits mostly approximately 185 nm UV light, and a portion 52, which emits mostly approximately 254 nm UV light. For the UV light source 40 shown, it is preferred that the portion of the UV light source 40 capable of emitting 185 nm UV light 50 is mounted toward the air intake grill panel 24. Thus, the concentration of ozone created by the 185 nm UV light source 40 will have at least partially dissipated when the air passes through the exhaust grill panel 26.
The elongated UV light source 40 is preferably attached to the lamp support tray 36 by means such as a 4-pin connector 42 and a lamp clip 44 that is attached to the light support tray by means such as riveting. Also as shown in
Around each UV light source 40 is preferably a mesh target 46. The preferred geometry of the mesh target 46 is illustrated in
The ambient humidity may provide the apparatus with enough water to form the hydro-oxides, super oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals. However, in an alternative embodiment, the emitted UV light also interacts with the target compound in the mesh target 46 in the presence of a mist of water supplied by a mister to form the hydro peroxides ions, super oxide ions and hydroxide radicals that act to neutralize VOCs and other organic pollutants in the air passing through the apparatus 10. In an alternative embodiment, illustrated in
Also in an alternative embodiment, several layers of mesh target 46 are used so that air flows between the layers of mesh targets 46. This configuration increases the efficiency of the use of the target compound with the UV light.
In yet another embodiment, a secondary target 48 comprising target compound is placed a predetermined distance from the mesh target 46 so that UV light passing through the mesh target 46 strike the secondary target 48. Thus, increased ozone and hydro peroxide and super oxide ions are produced in the air stream passing generally between the mesh target 46 and the secondary target 48.
The secondary target 48 may be target compound formed on the inside surface of the casing 12. In an alternative embodiment, as illustrated in
It will be seen that the objects set forth above, and those made apparent from the forgoing description, are efficiently attained and since certain changes may be made in the above construction without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matters contained in the foregoing description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention, which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween. Now that the invention has been described,
Claims
1. A high volume, wall-mountable air sanitation apparatus for removing contaminants such as pollutants, organisms and odors from air with high energy UV light and ozone, comprising:
- a casing with an interior, a first side and a second side;
- means for moving air located at the first side of the casing, the air moving across at least one target comprising a target compound, said target compound comprised of titanium dioxide, in combination with at least one selected from the group consisting of up to about 30% by weight copper and up to about 30% by weight silver; and
- an elongated high energy UV light source adapted to direct UV light toward the air and the target, whereby the UV light striking the air and the target in the presence of water will generate at least one oxidant selected from the group consisting of hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the target compound is up to about 30% by weight titanium dioxide, and further comprises a hydration compound of silica gel.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the target comprises a mesh at least partially located between the UV light source and the air.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the target further comprises a secondary element located a predetermined distance from the mesh, whereby at least a portion of the UV light coming through the mesh strikes the secondary element.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the secondary element comprises a secondary target compound comprised of titanium dioxide, in combination with at least one selected from the group consisting of up to about 30% by weight copper and up to about 30% by weight silver.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the elongated high energy UV light source emits UV light at a wavelength of approximately 185 nm to 254 nm.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for moving air comprises a fan located in the interior of the casing.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein UV light may be visible from an exterior of the casing, whereby a person may observe whether the UV light source within the apparatus is operating.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least a first particulate filter operatively associated with the casing for removing particulates from the air before the air is moved over the target compound.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the UV light source comprises at least one low-pressure mercury UV light.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, comprising at least one mesh target disposed to surround each low-pressure mercury UV light.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein each of the at least one mesh target may be affected by more than one UV light source.
13. A wall mountable method for treating air, comprising:
- directing the air toward a target comprising a target compound, said target compound comprised of titanium dioxide, in combination with at least one selected from the group consisting of up to about 30% by weight silver and up to about 30% by weight copper;
- directing UV light toward the target, said UV light being at a wavelength sufficient to generate ozone from oxygen in air and to generate at least one oxidant selected from the group consisting of hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals from interaction with the compound in the presence of water.
14. An apparatus for efficiently removing contaminants such as pollutants, organisms and odors from air with high energy UV light, comprising:
- a high energy UV light source capable of generating ozone from oxygen in air;
- a mesh target located between the high energy UV light source and the air to be treated, the mesh target including a target compound, said target compound comprised of titanium dioxide, in combination with at least one selected from the group consisting of up to about 30% by weight copper and up to about 30% by weight silver, wherein UV light and the target compound generate in the presence of water at least one oxidant selected from the group consisting of hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals; and
- a secondary target element located a predetermined distance from the mesh target, the secondary target element including a secondary target compound, said secondary target compound comprised of titanium dioxide, in combination with at least one selected from the group consisting of up to about 30% by weight copper and up to about 30% by weight silver, wherein at least a portion of the UV light that passes through the mesh target strikes the secondary target element, thereby generating an additional oxidant selected from the group consisting of hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the air generally flows between the mesh target and the secondary target element.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the target compound further comprises a hydration compound of silica gel.
17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the secondary target element acts as a conduit for the air.
18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the high energy UV light source comprises at least one low-pressure mercury UV light.
19. A wall mountable method for treating a large volume of air, comprising:
- directing the large volume of air toward a target, said target comprising a target compound, said target compound comprised of titanium dioxide, in combination with at least one selected from the group consisting of copper and silver; and
- directing UV light toward the target, said UV light being at a wavelength sufficient to generate ozone from oxygen in the air and being sufficient to generate at least one oxidant selected from the group consisting of hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals from interaction with the compound in the presence of water.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the target comprises a mesh located generally between the air and the UV light.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the target further comprises a secondary element located a predetermined distance from the mesh, whereby the air generally passes between the mesh and the secondary element and UV light passing through the mesh strikes the secondary element in the presence of water, thereby generating an additional oxidant selected from the group consisting of hydro-peroxides, super-oxide ions and hydroxyl radicals.
4028246 | June 7, 1977 | Lund et al. |
4094237 | June 13, 1978 | Riordan |
4323437 | April 6, 1982 | Mucenieks |
4400270 | August 23, 1983 | Hillman |
4427636 | January 24, 1984 | Obenshain |
4469951 | September 4, 1984 | Coco et al. |
4482809 | November 13, 1984 | Maarschalkerweerd |
4534282 | August 13, 1985 | Marinoza |
4536332 | August 20, 1985 | Davis et al. |
4547197 | October 15, 1985 | Winkler |
4621195 | November 4, 1986 | Larsson |
4661264 | April 28, 1987 | Goudy, Jr. |
4694179 | September 15, 1987 | Lew et al. |
4766321 | August 23, 1988 | Lew et al. |
4798702 | January 17, 1989 | Tucker |
4872980 | October 10, 1989 | Maarschalkerweerd |
4899056 | February 6, 1990 | Ellner |
4899057 | February 6, 1990 | Koji |
4922114 | May 1, 1990 | Boehme |
4968489 | November 6, 1990 | Peterson |
4968891 | November 6, 1990 | Jhawar et al. |
4971687 | November 20, 1990 | Anderson |
5006244 | April 9, 1991 | Maarschalkerweerd |
5035784 | July 30, 1991 | Anderson et al. |
5037618 | August 6, 1991 | Hager |
5114670 | May 19, 1992 | Duffey |
5141636 | August 25, 1992 | Flanagan et al. |
5144146 | September 1, 1992 | Wekhof |
5145515 | September 8, 1992 | Gallup et al. |
5150705 | September 29, 1992 | Stinson |
5166527 | November 24, 1992 | Solymar |
5186907 | February 16, 1993 | Yanagi et al. |
5200156 | April 6, 1993 | Wedekamp |
5207921 | May 4, 1993 | Vincent |
5208461 | May 4, 1993 | Tipton |
5230792 | July 27, 1993 | Sauska et al. |
5266215 | November 30, 1993 | Engelhard |
5288461 | February 22, 1994 | Gray |
5290439 | March 1, 1994 | Buchwald |
5308505 | May 3, 1994 | Titus et al. |
5320749 | June 14, 1994 | Mullen |
5352359 | October 4, 1994 | Nagai et al. |
5366705 | November 22, 1994 | Reidy |
5368826 | November 29, 1994 | Weltz et al. |
5393419 | February 28, 1995 | Tiede et al. |
5401394 | March 28, 1995 | Markham |
5413768 | May 9, 1995 | Stanley, Jr. |
5418370 | May 23, 1995 | Maarschalkerweerd |
5422487 | June 6, 1995 | Sauska et al. |
5440131 | August 8, 1995 | Hutchison et al. |
5471063 | November 28, 1995 | Hayes et al. |
5504335 | April 2, 1996 | Maarschalkerweerd |
5505904 | April 9, 1996 | Haidinger et al. |
5529689 | June 25, 1996 | Korin |
5532549 | July 2, 1996 | Duzyk et al. |
5539209 | July 23, 1996 | Maarschalkerweerd |
5540848 | July 30, 1996 | Engelhard |
5547635 | August 20, 1996 | Duthie, Jr. |
5560958 | October 1, 1996 | Duzyk et al. |
5573666 | November 12, 1996 | Korin |
5580461 | December 3, 1996 | Cairns et al. |
5589132 | December 31, 1996 | Zippel |
5590390 | December 31, 1996 | Maarschalkerweerd |
5597482 | January 28, 1997 | Melyon |
5611918 | March 18, 1997 | Markham |
5612001 | March 18, 1997 | Matschke |
5614723 | March 25, 1997 | Oppenländer et al. |
5624573 | April 29, 1997 | Wiesmann |
5626768 | May 6, 1997 | Ressler et al. |
5628895 | May 13, 1997 | Zucholl |
5655483 | August 12, 1997 | Lewis et al. |
5656242 | August 12, 1997 | Morrow et al. |
5660719 | August 26, 1997 | Kurtz et al. |
5675153 | October 7, 1997 | Snowball |
5707594 | January 13, 1998 | Austin |
5744094 | April 28, 1998 | Castberg et al. |
5753106 | May 19, 1998 | Schenck |
5779912 | July 14, 1998 | Gonzalez-Martin et al. |
5780860 | July 14, 1998 | Gadgil et al. |
5835840 | November 10, 1998 | Goswami |
5846437 | December 8, 1998 | Whitby et al. |
5874740 | February 23, 1999 | Ishiyama |
5885449 | March 23, 1999 | Bergmann et al. |
5911910 | June 15, 1999 | Becraft et al. |
5925320 | July 20, 1999 | Jones |
5933702 | August 3, 1999 | Goswami |
5937266 | August 10, 1999 | Kadoya |
5942110 | August 24, 1999 | Norris |
5952663 | September 14, 1999 | Blatchley, III et al. |
5958336 | September 28, 1999 | Duarte |
5961920 | October 5, 1999 | Söremark |
5997812 | December 7, 1999 | Burnham et al. |
6013917 | January 11, 2000 | Ishiyama |
6071473 | June 6, 2000 | Darwin |
6083387 | July 4, 2000 | LeBlanc et al. |
6090296 | July 18, 2000 | Oster |
6120691 | September 19, 2000 | Mancil |
RE36896 | October 3, 2000 | Maarschalkerweerd |
6126841 | October 3, 2000 | Whitby et al. |
6129893 | October 10, 2000 | Bolton et al. |
6149343 | November 21, 2000 | Lewis et al. |
6150663 | November 21, 2000 | Rosenthal |
6183652 | February 6, 2001 | Crevasse et al. |
6193939 | February 27, 2001 | Kozlowski |
6202384 | March 20, 2001 | Kurth et al. |
6217834 | April 17, 2001 | Hosein et al. |
6231820 | May 15, 2001 | Wedekamp |
6248235 | June 19, 2001 | Scott |
6261449 | July 17, 2001 | Scott |
6264802 | July 24, 2001 | Kamrukov et al. |
6264888 | July 24, 2001 | Palestro et al. |
6265835 | July 24, 2001 | Parra |
6274049 | August 14, 2001 | Scott |
6280615 | August 28, 2001 | Phillips et al. |
6299844 | October 9, 2001 | Toa et al. |
6319809 | November 20, 2001 | Chang et al. |
6328937 | December 11, 2001 | Glazman |
6332981 | December 25, 2001 | Loyd |
6358478 | March 19, 2002 | Söremark |
6375833 | April 23, 2002 | Marston et al. |
6398971 | June 4, 2002 | Butters et al. |
6402964 | June 11, 2002 | Schmid |
6403030 | June 11, 2002 | Horton, III |
6404111 | June 11, 2002 | Kunkel |
6419821 | July 16, 2002 | Gadgel et al. |
6423763 | July 23, 2002 | Blasi |
6436299 | August 20, 2002 | Baarman et al. |
6447720 | September 10, 2002 | Horton, III et al. |
6447721 | September 10, 2002 | Horton, III et al. |
6454937 | September 24, 2002 | Horton et al. |
6454952 | September 24, 2002 | Thorpe |
6459087 | October 1, 2002 | Kaas |
6461520 | October 8, 2002 | Engelhard et al. |
6464884 | October 15, 2002 | Gadgil |
6468419 | October 22, 2002 | Kunkel |
6497840 | December 24, 2002 | Palestro et al. |
6500312 | December 31, 2002 | Wedekamp |
6500346 | December 31, 2002 | Taghipour et al. |
6500387 | December 31, 2002 | Bigelow |
6503401 | January 7, 2003 | Willis |
6503447 | January 7, 2003 | Mondjian et al. |
6534001 | March 18, 2003 | Michael et al. |
6547963 | April 15, 2003 | Tsai |
6565757 | May 20, 2003 | Wedkamp |
6565803 | May 20, 2003 | Bolton et al. |
6583422 | June 24, 2003 | Boehme |
RE38173 | July 8, 2003 | Ishiyama |
6589323 | July 8, 2003 | Korin |
6589489 | July 8, 2003 | Morrow et al. |
6589490 | July 8, 2003 | Parra |
6599487 | July 29, 2003 | Luthra et al. |
6602425 | August 5, 2003 | Drescher et al. |
6605260 | August 12, 2003 | Busted |
6610258 | August 26, 2003 | Strobbel et al. |
20020033369 | March 21, 2002 | Bender |
20020043504 | April 18, 2002 | Chen et al. |
20020050479 | May 2, 2002 | Scott |
20020070177 | June 13, 2002 | Kozlowski |
20020081246 | June 27, 2002 | Tsukada et al. |
20020094298 | July 18, 2002 | Monagan |
20020098127 | July 25, 2002 | Bollini |
20020144955 | October 10, 2002 | Barak et al. |
20020170815 | November 21, 2002 | Fujii |
20020172627 | November 21, 2002 | Aoyagi |
20030010927 | January 16, 2003 | Wedekamp |
20030019738 | January 30, 2003 | Reisfeld et al. |
20030021721 | January 30, 2003 | Hall |
20030035750 | February 20, 2003 | Neuberger |
20030039576 | February 27, 2003 | Hall |
20030049809 | March 13, 2003 | Kaiser et al. |
20030064001 | April 3, 2003 | Fries et al. |
20030089670 | May 15, 2003 | Saccomanno |
20030099569 | May 29, 2003 | Lentz et al. |
20030127603 | July 10, 2003 | Horowitz et al. |
20030129105 | July 10, 2003 | Boehme |
20030147770 | August 7, 2003 | Brown et al. |
20030147783 | August 7, 2003 | Taylor |
20030150708 | August 14, 2003 | Fink |
20030155228 | August 21, 2003 | Mills et al. |
20030155524 | August 21, 2003 | McDonald et al. |
- Copy of Webpage printed May 2, 2005 (http://www.predmaterials.com/ceramics/TitaniumDioxideC.html).
- Copy of Webpage printed May 2, 2005 (http://www.travancoretitanium.com/products.htm).
Type: Grant
Filed: Jun 14, 2002
Date of Patent: Oct 18, 2005
Patent Publication Number: 20030230477
Assignee: BOC, Inc. (Murray Hill, NJ)
Inventors: Ronald G. Fink (Jupiter, FL), Walter Ellis (Jupiter, FL), Charles Pearsall (Stuart, FL)
Primary Examiner: Steven Versteeg
Attorney: Joshua L. Cohen
Application Number: 10/064,154