Abstract: A digital system controls ignition dwell for an internal combustion engine. Dwell time is maintained constant, thus assuring a constant high level ignition spark, over the entire active RPM range of the engine. In addition, the system compensates for temperature and aging induced changes in the ignition components.In operation, one sensor generates pulses representative of engine angular position while a second produces ignition pulses. An angle counter stores the number of position pulses generated thereby creating a count representative of engine position. A speed counter stores the number of position pulses generated for a clock interval, producing a count representative of engine speed. Dwell time is initiated at a predetermined relationship between the counter outputs which assures a constant dwell time. Feedback circuitry monitors current through the ignition coil and alters the clock interval to compensate for ignition component changes.

Abstract: A decompressing device for facilitating starting of internal combustion engines, by lifting one of the engine valves at the beginning of the compression cycle, comprises a lever which is movable, by hydraulic pressure developed by an engine-driven oil pump, from an extended position in which one end of the lever effects said valve lifting to a retracted position. Lifting of the valve therefore stops when the engine speed (and hence the hydraulic pressure) reaches a predetermined level. The lever is moved between the extended and retracted positions by piston means located in a bore in the engine camshaft, the piston means being acted upon in one direction by the hydraulic pressure, and in the opposite direction by resilient means which tends to move the lever to the extended position.

Abstract: Fuel saving apparatus for controlling the supply of fuel to one or more selected cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprises a remotely and independently controlled fuel saving valve operably positioned to provide selective communication between the cylinder clearance volume and a filtered air portion of the engine carburetor. The valve is closed for normal, full power engine operation, and open for predetermined low engine power demand periods. The opening of said valve so severely reduces cylinder intake vacuum and resultant air-fuel influx as to render temporarily ineffective the cylinder, thereby reducing engine fuel consumption.

Abstract: An archery bow is disclosed having a handle section and bow limbs with arcuate configurations connected to the belly or compression side of the bow. Each bow limb is presented away from each other. A nock is provided at each end of each limb to receive a bow string. Embodiments are also disclosed providing for adjustment of the recurved limbs with respect to the handle section of the bow.

Abstract: This machine is designed for dressing fixed-super-abrasive tools employed in the grinding and polishing of optical and ophthalmic lenses having a toric surface configuration. It comprises a base with an upstanding frame having an arm pivotally supported thereon for at least limited vertical arc-like oscillatory movement about the horizontal axis. A workpiece holder assembly suitable for holding the fixed-super-abrasive tool is releasably securable to the arm and movable along the arm to any predetermined position relative to the horizontal axis whereby the workpiece in the workpiece holder assembly is vertically oscillated at a preselected radius. The base also includes a grinder support bed both horizontally movable with respect thereto and controllably rotatable about a vertical axis through at least a limited horizontal arc.

Abstract: A device for dressing a grinding wheel to a desired precise angle. The device includes a body, preferably in the form of a rectangular block, presenting mutually perpendicular mounting faces. A spindle is journaled in the body for rotation about an axis parallel to the mounting faces. A head is mounted to the spindle at one end of the body block, for rotation with it. Angulation of the spindle is settable by a sine bar at the opposite end of the body. The dressing tip is carried by a slide that is reciprocable on the head, the slide being reciprocated by a crank mechanism turned by an operating shaft coaxial to the spindle. The slide can be set in either of two positions 180.degree. apart for dressing oppositely facing bevels.

Abstract: A hot air andiron for use in a fireplace instead of a regular andiron or grate. The hot air andiron comprises a C-shaped section fabricated from a pipe of substantial diameter. The C-shaped section has substantially parallel leg portions, and an inlet header is connected to one leg portion adjacent the free end thereof for supplying air into and through the C-shaped section. The header has a fan associated with the inlet end thereof, and the other leg portion of the C-shaped section has a discharge opening at the free end thereof for discharge of heated air. The C-shaped section is supported on legs which space it several inches above the floor. The parallel leg portions are positioned to permit logs to be supported directly thereon and extend transversely therebetween, and log holding elements are fixed to the leg portions and project upwardly therefrom for assisting in holding the logs on the leg portions.

Abstract: An air heater comprising a pipe assembly having an intake opening and an outlet opening which is horizontally supported by a stand and protected by a removable, open-topped sleeving. The pipe assembly is a series of internally interconnected pipes which provides a continuous air flow passageway from the intake opening to the outlet opening. The pipe assembly is heated by a small fire inside the sleeving while a pump forces cold air into the intake opening. As the pumped, cold air circulates through the heated pipe assembly, the air becomes heated, and hot air is expelled at the outlet opening.

Abstract: A forced air convector and heating fireplace grate structure formed of an array of substantially C-shaped hollow tubes arranged in parallel vertical planes providing a forwardly facing concave cradle for supporting burning logs or other fuel. A motor driven fan and an associated plenum transversely spanning the array of tubes and communicating with the lower inlet ends thereof provide a pressurized appropriately distributed air supply to the tubes to effect heating of the air in the tubes by the burning fuel and achieve forced discharge of the heated air in predetermined directions back into the room.

Abstract: A structural solar energy collection and transfer arrangement and method, and method of assembly, including an insulating light-transmitting honeycomb sandwich array and a lateral fluid flow solar energy collection and heat transfer honeycomb sandwich array, the lateral fluid flow honeycomb sandwich array having dark, preferably non-gloss or dull surfaced, honeycomb walls and bottom surface for solar energy absorption and transfer to a fluid, preferably a liquid, passed laterally through fluid passageway openings formed in the honeycomb walls. Solar energy is absorbed and transferred to a flowing fluid, by passing solar light rays through the insulating honeycomb sandwich array and into contact with the dark walls and base of the facially interconnected heat transfer honeycomb sandwich array, and passing the heat transfer fluid through the lateral openings formed in the honeycomb cell walls and thereby flowing such fluid through adjacent honeycomb cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to a solar appliance apparatus for utilizing solar thermal radiation to supply heat to a heating and cooking surface. The apparatus includes a housing permanently stationed inside a residential structure and the like. The housing contains a heat transfer medium and a radiation receiver carried in heat exchange contact with the medium. A heating and cooking surface is carried by the housing in heat exchange relationship with the heat transfer medium. A radiation pipe extends through the exterior wall of the building structure to deliver a concentrated beam of solar radiation rays to the radiation receiver.

Abstract: A greenhouse or the like comprising a frame formed from water carrying conduits which support panels capable of transmitting heat and light from the sun whereby radiant energy from the sun will pass through the panels and heat the space inside the house as well as the water in the conduits. The heated water in the conduits may be used to heat the greenhouse at night or as a supplementary system for a conventional home water heater.

Abstract: A system is described for storing near infrared heat energy of the sun for use in a building including at least one glazing panel for transmitting the light and near infrared heat energy of the sun into the building. The system comprises a first tank capable of being completely filled with a heat absorbing fluid and positioned relative to the glazing panel so as to be exposed to at least a portion of the heat energy transmitted through the glazing panel and so that the heat absorbing fluid in the tank absorbs at least a part of the portion of the energy. A second tank is in fluid communication with the first tank and disposed above the first tank. The system also includes conduit means connecting the bottom of the first tank and the second tank so that fluid disposed on the bottom of the first tank will flow into the second tank when the fluid in the first tank expands, and so that fluid disposed in the second tank will flow into the first tank when the fluid in the first tank contracts.

Abstract: There is disclosed a solar energy collector assembly in which the working media is a liquid circulated through the several tubular collectors in series. The manifold device is of a design that is inexpensive to fabricate for detachably inserting tubular collectors into opposite sides of the liquid manifold. The assembly includes an inlet for liquid to enter an outer tube of the collector and flow in one direction to the end and thereat enter an inner tube and flow in an opposite direction to the other far end of the inner tube, finally transferring to the manifold outlet connected to the next tube or tubes in the series. The receptacles of the manifold for connecting the collector tubes are fabricated from metal stampings and/or castings and surrounded with molded insulation, such as foamed plastic, e.g. polystyrene, polyethylene, polyurethane or the like.

Abstract: Heat exchange apparatus for raising the temperature of a subject fluid in which a fuel burner is located at least partially within a heat-exchange liquid and the subject fluid is passed through heat-exchange liquid, the combustion products of the fuel burner being contacted with the heat exchange fluid in the vicinity of the subject fluid. In this way the fuel burner may be constructed entirely of metal so that large units of low weight may be used. Preferably the fuel burner includes a tangential air inlet and a combustion chamber of frusto-conical form.

Abstract: An arm and hand rest device for performing microsurgery, such as an eye operation, on a patient lying on an operating table, the device having a board placed on the operating table beneath the upper body portion of the patient so that the weight of the patient will hold the device firmly in place. Two tables are disposed at the head end of the board and each includes a platform on which the hands and arms are rested while the surgeon uses a scalpel or other instrument in performing the operation. The tables are spaced from one another to define the area in which the patient's head is placed for the operation, and the platforms are adjustable vertically and have projections at the top end extending toward one another.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to induce sleep in a patient that utilizes an oscillator to control the frequency of electric impulses received by the patient. First and second multivibrators generate the signals necessary to stimulate the central nervous system by conduction through the optic nerve tract, and also to generate a visual aura caused by stimulation of the retina of the eye. An amplifier amplifies the signals generated by the multivibrators and electrodes transmit the amplified signal to the patient. The various components of the apparatus may be stored in an eye frame structure wherein eye lid electrode pads are held in place contiguous the eyes of the patient, and wherein mastoid electrode pads are held in place by means of the frame ear hooks.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quantitative measurement of the long-term and short-term variability of a subject's heart rate. Long-term variability is measured by apparatus which receives a signal having a magnitude proportional to a subject's instantaneous heart rate with each successive heart beat during a measuring interval consisting of a fixed number of heartbeats. Each heart rate signal magnitude is compared with the previous maximum and minimum heart rate signal magnitudes in the measuring interval and the sampled heart rate magnitude is substituted for the previous maximum signal magnitude if the maximum is exceeded and for the previous minimum signal magnitude if it exceeds the magnitude of the instant sampled heart rate signal. The difference between the maximum and minimum heart rate signal magnitudes, after occurrence of the predetermined number of heartbeats, is a measure of long-term heart rate variability.

Abstract: An intrauterine contraceptive device made from plastic having a C-shape or Omega-shape to enable it to lie in the uterine cavity. Lines of predetermined length are attached at one of their ends respectively to enlargement portions of the terminal ends of the device and with their other ends fastened by a plastic bead and aid in insertion, removal and as a telltale marker. The device can include a metallic contraceptive material such as copper. One embodiment uses copper wire, which can be of selected different diameter, wound on the body of the device and retained against slippage by serrations on the body. A tubular inserter with appropriate grips and a cervical abutment flange is used to receive the IUD in elongated deformation.

Abstract: An elongated flexible strap of predetermined width is provided and includes opposite end portions. The strap may be encircled about a portion of a patient's body and one end of the strap includes a first fastening structure on one side thereof facing outwardly from the strap while the other end portion of the strap includes a second fastening structure on the other side thereof also facing outwardly of the strap. The first and second fastening structures are releasably engageable with each other in adjusted end overlapped positions of the opposite end portions of the strap and the second fastening structure is spaced from the corresponding terminal end of the strap with a thick, bendable and somewhat deformable but shape retentive pad being secured over and extending along the other side of the strap between the second fastening structure and the corresponding terminal end of the strap.

Abstract: Vaccine delivery system wherein an aqueous vaccine diluted to human dosage concentration is loaded into presterilized single dosage syringes having a squeezable body portion and wherein a plurality of these syringes are sealed inside a bag and the contents of the syringes are frozen to preserve the titer of the vaccine.

Abstract: A dosage control device, particularly suited for use by persons with impaired vision who from time to time may give themselves injections such as diabetic. The dosage control device is a sheet like, elongated plastic member having a transverse slot for snapping over the finger projections on the end of a standard hypodermic syringe. A scale is provided in a predetermined disposition with respect to the slot so that when the device in conjunction with the outer end of the plunger duplicates the normal scale on the syringe. In use, a doctor or other person would cut off the outward extending end of the device at the scale marking for the desired dosage, so that the diabetic could control his dosage by feel rather than sight.

Abstract: The present invention provides an underwater drainage apparatus which is adapted to be used for draining a body cavity. The underwater drainage device is provided with two collection chambers in addition to the usual water seal chamber and pressure regulating monometer. The two collection chambers intercommunicate so that the same vacuum is applied to both chambers but a spill over compartment is provided between the two collection chambers to prevent fluid collected in one chamber from passing into the other collection chamber.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with catamenial tampons which comprise means for preventing by-pass but yet are readily removable. Generally the tampons are hollow cones of absorbable material with a withdrawal cord attached to the apex and an unfurlable cuff around the outside of the open base end of the cone.

Abstract: An adult undegarment fabricated from a cloth material formed into front and back panels connected by a narrow central panel forming a crotch portion. The front and back panels are provided with tie cords for facilitating the attachment of the garment to the waist of a patient. The crotch portion of the garment is so sized as to provide on opposite sides thereof, leg portions to receive the legs of the patient when the panels are attached to the patient. The crotch portion includes tie cords for securing the lower portion of the garment around the patient's legs. The garment is adapted to have various cloth and water impervious panels attached thereto such that the garment may be modified for a wide variety of uses.

Abstract: A cryosurgical instrument having a purge cycle of indeterminate duration, separate and apart from its cooling and warming modes, which can be conducted with a refrigerant consisting of a low pressure unsaturated or saturated gas. During the purge cycle, the pressure of the refrigerant gas is regulated to a level below that which is required to effect a Joule-Thomson expansion of the gas upon its entrance into an expansion chamber adjacent the tip of the instrument while simultaneously exhausting the effluent to the atmosphere through an exhaust valve actuated by a footswitch.

Abstract: A surgical punch instrument having an elongated, hollow sleeve with an elongated rod sliding therein and extending through one end of the hollow sleeve. The elongated rod has a narrowed end portion and fixed cylindrical blade attached thereto while the open end of the hollow sleeve has a hollow, cylindrical blade removably attached thereto. The sliding rod may be actuated by a handle attached thereto and extending through the elongated sleeve to pull the blade on the end of the rod into the hollow blade in the hollow sleeve thereby shearing or punching an opening in tissue therebetween.

Abstract: An apparatus for ligation of affected part in coeloma comprises an inner and an outer flexible tube. A ligature or tie-up thread is provided with a loop formation, one end of which is disposed within the inner tube. The outer tube houses the loop formation, the inner tube and a pair of holding wires which are associated with the loop formation. In use, the outer tube is inserted into a coeloma and then retracted relative to the inner tube to move the loop formation out of the outer tube, whereupon the holding wires cooperate with the loop formation to extend it into an enlarged loop, which is then engaged with an affected part in the coeloma. Subsequently, one end of the loop formation is externally pulled through the inner tube, reducing the area of the loop for the purpose of ligation of the affected part.

Abstract: A cervical dilator is formed of a mushroom shaped elastic sack having inelastic members embedded therein configured to maintain the general shape and limit the size of the sack during expansion under internal pressure.The dilator is inserted with the head portion folded and fluid is introduced to unfold it and expand it.

Abstract: A tracheal tube adapted for insertion into the trachea of a patient for introducing or removing gas. The tube includes a main inflatable cuff which surrounds the distal end of the tube. A gas passageway communicates at one end with the interior of the cuff, and the other end of the passageway is adapted to receive an inflating means, for delivering gas to inflate the cuff. The gas passageway includes a check valve, and a generally oval pilot balloon is in gas communication with the cuff via the passageway. The pilot balloon is longitudinally pre-stretched between its opposite end portions by means maintaining the pre-stretched condition. Accordingly the balloon in its non-inflated condition is characterized by a series of mutually spaced folds, extending longitudinally between the opposed ends. The ridges of the folds contrast with the troughs between folds, to provide a series of spaced, visually discernible markings which visually signal the non-inflated condition of the main cuff.

Abstract: A mobile combine having longitudinally extending rotor and concave threshing and separating members and a grain pan beneath the threshing and separating members to receive threshed and semi-threshed crop material incident to transmitting said material to a sieve mechanism. In order to prevent uneven build up or deposit of said material in localized areas upon the grain pan, deflecting members are provided in several different embodiments or arrangements which are fixed to the threshing and/or the separating members, all having the common objective of deflecting material discharged from the threshing and separating areas of the grain pan which normally have low accumulation and thereby tend to cause substantially even distribution of said material upon the grain pan.

Abstract: A shaped matter of tobacco excellent in aroma and flavor is obtained by coating and binding starting tobacco materials with pullulan or a pullulan derivative.

Abstract: Operations for the reduction of lipid content in tobacco compositions with retention of favorable organoleptic properties comprising particularly treatments or the selective removal of `neutral` lipid fraction. Tobacco leaves, preferably freshly harvested, are subjected to physical treatment adapted to remove lipid material from glandular trichome and cuticle while retaining the structural integrity of the leaf. Tobacco compositions based upon treated leaf structures exhibit significantly reduced lipid levels, reported to interrelate with production of aromatic hydrocarbons upon pyrolysis.

Abstract: An upright vessel provided with a removable lid having a downwardly directed funnel member which depends through an opening in the top of the vessel. A disposable receptacle detachably suspended from the funnel member for receiving cigarette or cigar butts and ashes. In one embodiment the receptacle is fluid-permeable and fluid contained within the vessel permeates the disposable receptacle to extinguish lighted or smoldering ashes or butts. In another embodiment, the disposable receptacle is a fluid-impermeable integument provided with an inner fluid-absorptive lining which is maintained in a wet condition by an extinguishing fluid contained within the disposable receptacle.

Abstract: An ash tray is characterized as having an upwardly opening ash receiver receiving chamber circumscribed by a rim shaped to define a slot sized and arranged to removably, frictionally grip a butt end of a cigarette and to position such cigarette to upstand from within the slot with its ash and arranged to overlie the chamber.

Abstract: A cosmetic compact in the form of a small booklet of flexible sheet material comprising a one-piece base and cover, the latter being hingedly connected to the base and adapted to overlie the same. Heat-sealed to the members are substantially flat retainer sheets, both of which are provided with upstanding bead formations extending at least partially around peripheral edge portions thereof. The bead formations of each sheet are so arranged as to be capable of interfitting with one another and being frictionally nested, thereby to maintain the members in closed position when compact is not in use. Optionally, one or both of the bead formations can be provided with undercut surfaces to thereby improve the frictional retention between the two members. The flat space outlined by the bead formation of the base member is adapted to receive a tray of cosmetic material, and the space outlined by the bead formation of the cover member is available for securing a mirror thereto.

Abstract: A hair device including a comb and a casing having a plurality of indentations and protrusions serially and longitudinally spaced to engage each other to detachably mount the casing on the comb. Large holes are provided on the casing to permit the passage of air from a hair drier to the hair.

Abstract: A machine for washing articles which are of greater height than width dimension when supported by an article receiving rack includes a cabinet of generally rectangular horizontal cross-section capable of accommodating the horizontal dimensions of the rack. The cabinet defines a washing chamber and a front access opening of sufficient height to accommodate lateral movement of a rack containing upright articles into the washing chamber. A lower door is pivotally mounted on the cabinet adjacent to the lower edge of the access opening for movement from a vertical closed position to a horizontal open position. The lower door includes a rack supporting surface and is dimensioned to correspond in size to the rectangular horizontal cross-section of the cabinet. An upper door is mounted for vertical movement from a lower position covering the remaining upper portion of the access opening to an upper position uncovering the upper portion of the access opening.

Abstract: A device for use in thoroughly cleaning wet paint or varnish from a brush through the application of a cleaning solvent. The device includes a pump for pumping the solvent through a plurality of nozzles. The nozzles are adapted to be positioned between the bristles at the heel of a brush to be cleaned, with end portions of the nozzles in an opening between the bristles adjacent a divider wedge around which the bristles are fastened. Such positioning orients outlet openings adjacent the ends of the nozzles to direct solvent pumped through the nozzles transversely outwardly through the bristles to thoroughly clean the bristles at the heel of the brush.

Abstract: A method and inlet control system for controlling a gas flow sample to an evacuated chamber such as found in a mass spectrometer, is disclosed. The system utilizes a short inlet passage having an effective opening determined by a tapered diamond or steel tip needle adjacent to the inlet passage. The needle is positionally adjusted with respect to the inlet passage by being mounted on a piezoelectric crystal which is flexed by coupling thereto an electric potential derived by sensing the ions at the ionization chamber of a mass spectrometer, for example, and developing therefrom an electric signal indicative of the total pressure within the ionization chamber. The signal coupled to the piezoelectric crystal is preferably a pulse-width modulated signal with the needle maintaining the inlet passage closed except during the time that the piezoelectric crystal is flexed due to a received pulse.

Abstract: A household fire hose cabinet employs a folded fire hose storage compartment bounded on one side by a stationary vertical partition and on the opposite side by a spring-urged hinged partition. The folded fire hose is retained in the storage compartment by a flexible strap harness having releasable snap fasteners. Releasing of the strap harness by pulling a terminal end thereof will forcefully remove the hose from the storage compartment and allow the spring-urged partition to swing to an open position in relation to a fire valve and operating handle which are normally enclosed between the hinged partition and the adjacent end wall of the cabinet. A storage compartment for a portable fire extinguisher is provided between the fixed partition and the other vertical wall of the cabinet. The forward open side of the cabinet is normally covered by a downwardly swinging hinged front closure which may be formed by a simulated painting.

Abstract: An adjustable check valve for use in an oxygen regulator to establish limits at which a resiliently biased disc moves away from a seat to allow air to enter an atmospheric chamber. A regulator is connected to a linkage which operates an air flow valve and an oxygen proportioning flow valve. The regulator is responsive to inlet oxygen pressure such that a change in altitude causes a corresponding change in flow relationship of air through the air valve and oxygen through the oxygen valve.

Abstract: An automatic switchover valve is described having a unique venting system whereby any areas which may cause a buildup in pressure during shuttling are normally vented to atmosphere. The shuttle is of a simple, easy to manufacture design having a central inwardly tapered portion which allows communication with internal parts of the valve to atmosphere. The valve also features sealing means which seal against moving surfaces without being subjected to rubbing on sharp surfaces or orifices, thus prolonging seal life.

Abstract: A valve plug or valve seat combination having a large number of small fluid conducting passages in a multitude of horizontal planes and comprised of a stack of identical stampings having alternate sectional patterns consisting of a trapezoidenal vertical opening in some and slotted radial opening in other sections and which, when circularly displaced to one another, form internal vertical fluid conducting passages together with said horizontal fluid passages, both vertical and horizontal passages being interconnected.

Abstract: A line tap valve having a body portion integrally formed with opposed leg portions defining a saddle for the reception of a line to be tapped and bendable into embracing relation about the line to retain it securely in place during soldering or brazing, the line tap valve further comprising piercing needle mechanism separable from the body portion during the soldering or brazing operation, but adapted to be permanently assembled thereto after such soldering or brazing by a body screw-on cap and associated flare mechanism operative to simultaneously pierce the line and swadge a retaining ring for securing the piercing needle mechanism in place.

Abstract: A valve body is provided with a plurality of spaced parallel gas passageways which permit flow through the valve body from one face to the other. Each passage is controlled by a ball valve member which permits unidirectional flow only and which unseats and reseats without requiring springs. The balls seat on seats in the form of frusto-conical surfaces having an included angle of approximately 60.degree., the preferred range being between 55.degree. and 65.degree.. The ratio of ball diameter to the smallest end of the frusto-conical surface is 1.11 to 1. The balls are guided for substantially linear movement on the axis of the conical surface.

Abstract: A valve is disclosed, which provides its principal utility in oil field pumping operations, having a valve body with an interior quiet chamber. Ports are provided beneath the chamber, shown as holes in the side wall of the valve body. A pin extends downwardly in the quiet chamber, and a valve is provided having a long stem with a hollow bore proportioned for a sliding fit along the aligning pin, the valve terminating in a head having a seating portion. A seat is provided in the lower portion of the valve in open communication with a lower extension. In an alternative embodiment, a second seat is provided at a mid portion of the valve to mate with a chamfered seat in the lower portion of the quiet chamber. In addition, a stainless steel insert is provided on the face of the lower valve seat. The valve is preferably formed of a light weight, non-corrosive, relatively inert moldable plastic, such as that known as delrin.

Abstract: A bleed valve can take two distinct positions, whereby in the first, in the absence of control pressure, it applies its orifice against a timing device by pneumatic means which it maintains set and in the second it is removed from the device by a certain distance before being caught up by the latter.This apparatus is used in automatic pneumatic control systems.

Abstract: A flexible crack-resistant and chemically resistant thermosetting vinyl ester resin is produced by co-reacting an epoxy resin, a carboxyl terminated elastomer and an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, such as acrylic or methacrylic acid. The neat resin is miscible and copolymerizable with ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as styrene. A novel cast pipe utilizes the resin of the invention as an unreinforced crack-resistant inner lining. This abstract is neither intended to define the invention of the application which, of course, is measured by the claims, nor is it intended to be limiting as to the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: A machine for making reinforcing baskets for steel concrete posts, masts, pipes and the like, which includes a device for displacing longitudinal basket wires, a winding device for helically winding other wire about the longitudinal basket wires, and a welding device for connecting the other wire to the longitudinal basket wires. The device for dispensing longitudinal basket wires comprises individual guides for the longitudinal basket wires, and the winding device and the welding device are arranged inside a ring for the individual guides.