Abstract: In an engine provided with a catalytic converter in an exhaust passage, the degree of deterioration of the catalyst in the converter is determined. Sensors detecting whether the air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine is rich or lean, are installed upstream and downstream of the converter, and an air-fuel ratio is feedback controlled based on the signal output from the upstream sensor. The soundness of the catalyst is assessed based on a difference between a change-over time of the upstream sensor and a change-over time of the downstream sensor, and a distinction is made between full catalyst deterioration and medium catalyst deterioration by introducing a dispersion value in the assessment process.

Abstract: An exhaust management system comprising a catalytic converter having a catalyst operative to reduce HC emissions from a flow of exhaust gas from an automotive internal combustion engine when the catalyst is above a light-off temperature and a heater assembly mounted in the flow of exhaust gas, upstream of the catalyst and exterior of the catalytic converter, wherein the heater assembly includes an electric heater located more than one inch from a front surface of the catalyst.

Abstract: An electrohydraulic actuator has a housing divided into pump and cylinder portions respectively containing a centrifugal impeller driven through a hub by an externally mounted motor, and a pushrod actuated by a piston and arranged to advance the piston and pushrod to deliver thrust when the motor is operated. The major parts except the motor and the pushrod are castings and only one size castings are required for a large range of thrust capacities. The impeller casting is machined to a diameter suitable for a desired thrust and a motor of required speed and horsepower for that thrust capacity is selected to drive the impeller.

Abstract: An hydraulic system has an hydraulic cylinder connected to a reversible pump by a first fluid line. A check valve assembly is connected in the first line and in a second line extending from the pump to a tank. The check valve assembly has a ball that seats on a conical valve seat to enable flow of fluid from the pump to the cylinder but to prevent flow in the opposite direction. A shuttle member in the check valve assembly is displaced by fluid pressure in the second line when the pump is reversed to unseat the ball and allow flow from the cylinder in the opposite direction via the pump to the tank.

Abstract: A microminiature Stirling cycle engine or cooler is formed utilizing semiconductor, planar processing techniques. Such a Stirling cycle thermomechanical transducer has silicon end plates and an intermediate regenerator. The end plates are formed with diaphragms and backspaces, one end plate forming the expansion end and the opposite end plate forming the compression end, with the regenerator bonded in between. A control circuit apparatus is linked to the diaphragms for controlling the amplitude, phase and frequency of their deflections. The control circuit apparatus is adapted to operate the transducer above 500 Hz and the passages and the workspace, including those within the regenerator, expansion space and compression space, are sufficiently narrow to provide a characteristic Wolmersley number, which is characteristic of the irreversibilities generated by the oscillating flow of the working fluid in the workspace, below substantially 5 at the operating frequency above 500 Hz.

Abstract: A turbine air sealing and condenser air removal system for use in steam plant equipment is arranged to increase steam plant efficiency, reduce oxygen concentration in condensate being returned to the steam generators, and simplify system arrangement and maintenance. This system incorporates dry running shaft seals at the high and low pressure turbine shaft glands. The turbine shaft glands are exhausted to a vacuum header which is exhausted by vacuum pumps. Air from the condenser is also exhausted to the common vacuum header. Non-rotating air seals on the turbine such as valve stem seals, which must only accommodate linear movement, can incorporate metallic bellows or conventional packings to prevent air leakage into the steam path or steam leakage out into the surrounding environment.

Abstract: A steam turbine in which principal components to be exposed to high temperatures are all made of ferritic steel, whereby the temperatures of main steam and reheat steam can be increased to 610-660 (.degree.C.). The rotor shaft (23 in FIG. 1) of the steam turbine is made of ferritic forged steel whose 100,000-hour creep rupture strength is at least 15 (kg/mm.sup.2) at the service temperature of the rotor shaft. Likewise, the casing (18) is made of ferritic cast steel whose 100,000-hour creep rupture strength is at least 10 (kg/mm.sup.2). The steam turbine of high thermal efficiency can be applied to a steam-turbine power plant.

Abstract: A combustor liner includes an inner layer for facing combustion gases, and an opposite outer layer for facing a cooling fluid. The outer layer has a greater coefficient of thermal conductivity than the inner layer for reducing temperature gradients in the liner. In a preferred embodiment, the outer layer significantly reduces temperature gradients in the liner which are caused by the varying cooling ability of impingement cooling air jets for more uniformly cooling the combustor liner and reducing the maximum temperature thereof.

Abstract: A method for modulating humidity across large single-zone air conditioned spaces such as those typically found in supermarkets wherein conventional air conditioning means and a desiccant unit are combined to supply varying levels of humidity to different regions within the single-zone space.

Abstract: A design of a non-freezing vortex tube to operate with non-dried even wet inlet gas flow in a broad range of a vortex tube's cold fraction value, the non-freezing vortex tube includes a heat exchanger and a vortex tube comprising a slender tube, a diaphragm having a hole in the center thereof and closing one end of the slender tube, one or more tangential nozzles piercing the slender tube just inside the diaphragm and a throttle valve on the other end of the slender tube, the design comprising ways of connecting the non-freezing vortex tube to keep all diaphragm's surfaces above the point of freezing.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a sterile cryogenic liquid (for example into a container of food) is provided, as well as a method of use of same using a just-in-time approach to production. The apparatus includes at least one cryogenic liquid filter, the filter including filter media having the capability to effectively sterilize cryogenic liquids, the filter media positioned within a housing to accept non-sterile cryogenic liquid and produce sterile cryogenic liquid. The apparatus further includes at least one sterile cryogenic liquid receptor tube, the sterile cryogenic liquid receptor tube having a sterile cryogenic liquid outlet for outflowing sterile cryogenic liquid. The receptor tube is surrounded by a manifold which collects and drains spent condensed steam after a periodic filter sterilization cycle. The receptor tube also collects raw cryogenic fluid, which helps insulate sterile cryogen in the receptor tube. The cryogenic liquid filter is provided within a vacuum jacketed tank.

Abstract: In a method and a device for cooling and carbonating a liquid (20), carbon dioxide intended for carbonating is also used for cooling, the carbon dioxide being brought to expand in a room (4; 7) which is separate from the liquid (20) but which is thermally connected to the liquid. By the invention it is achieved that an ice bank is formed in the liquid in the area which is adjacent to said expansion room (4; 7) whereby is achieved i.a. better cooling control than in previously known devices where the carbon dioxide also is used for cooling.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a transportable storage cabinet for which the time at which a refrigerant has been frozen can be estimated. According to the present invention, a transportable storage cabinet, which includes a storage chamber wherein goods are stored, a refrigerant for cooling the storage chamber, and a refrigerator for freezing the refrigerant, comprises: power supply detection means for detecting a supply of power to the refrigerator; a timer for measuring elapsed time; and an elapsed time display means for displaying the elapsed time that is obtained by the timer.

Abstract: An air conditioner for a vehicle includes a heat pump system for heating and cooling. The air conditioner includes a ventilation passage for ventilating air from a passenger compartment of the vehicle outside of the vehicle. An accelerating system is provided with the heat pump system for accelerating the evaporation of a refrigerant during air cooling or the condensation of a refrigerant during air heating by using involved energy recovered from air exhausted outside of said vehicle through the ventilation passage. Thereby, the air conditioner increases the heating and cooling ability and reduces the energy necessary for maintaining a constant temperature in the passenger compartment.

Abstract: An automatic air recirculation system is provided. The system activates an air recirculation door for recirculating the air within the vehicle passenger compartment by sensing the temperature of the engine coolant. The system also activates the air recirculation door by sensing the pressure or temperature in the compressor discharge line.

Abstract: The invention entails the use of a positive displacement pump (4) magnetically coupled to an drive motor (42) located in a conduit arrangement (60) this is parallel to the liquid line of the refrigeration system as in FIG. 5. This parallel conduit arrangement also includes a pressure regulating valve that will regulate the amount of pressure added to the liquid line by the parallel pump and piping arrangement. In addition, a check valve (47) is located in the liquid line to maintain the pressure differential added to the liquid line. This parallel piping arrangement (60) is desirable in order to allow a constant, pre-determined pressure to be added to the liquid line regardless of variations in flow rate of the liquid refrigerant. In addition, the parallel piping arrangement allows the system to operate without liquid line obstruction in the event of pump failure.

Abstract: A control arrangement for cooling of an apparatus comprising a compressor, a condenser, and at least one branch with an expansion valve and an evaporator in series, contains a controller, a superheat temperature measuring device, and an ambient temperature sensor. The controller controls the expansion valve for maintaining the superheat temperature substantially at the desired value. The flow of coolant to the evaporator is controlled by the signal from the temperature sensor for maintaining the ambient temperature constant. The controller operates continuously and in two operating modes in which the first mode the superheat temperature is controlled to the maximum admissible state of fill of liquid coolant in the evaporator and is switchable to a second mode in which the state of fill of liquid coolant is controlled by the expansion valve.

Abstract: A heat pump installation, especially an air conditioning installation for a motor vehicle, includes a unit consisting of a refrigerant fluid reservoir which comprises a vessel closed by a cover which carries an expansion device. The expansion device is connected firstly to an inlet chamber formed in the reservoir and containing a dehumidifying filter, and secondly to an outlet chamber formed in the reservoir and separated from the inlet chamber by a separating member. The separating member is trapped between the cover and the vessel.

Abstract: Refrigerated storage apparatus is primarily intended for storing product which can be removed without significant loss of cold air and is suitable for vertical, upright cabinets. The apparatus has a main access door extending vertically and moveable about a vertical axis. Access openings are provided, usually in the door to gain access to products within the storage compartment, the openings being of relatively small size. The compartment houses storage means for product and there may be storage means for each kind of product. Closure means seal off each access opening.

Abstract: A shelf structure for a freezer compartment of a refrigerator includes a horizontal shelf and a base removably supported by an underside of the shelf. The shelf includes downward projections received in holes formed in a top wall of the base. Each projection incudes a narrow part and a wide part disposed at a lower end of the narrow part. The base rests upon the wide parts. Each hole includes an insert portion and a locking portion. The projections are passed vertically through the insert portion and are then moved horizontally into the locking portion. A portion of an edge of the hole is elastic to enable the narrow part to enter the locking portion and then to elastically retain the narrow part therein.

Abstract: An evaporator having a tortuous refrigerant flow path for use in an ice making machine. The evaporator includes a first tubular member having a closed bottom end and a closed top end with a first aperture. A second tubular member is concentrically positioned within the first tubular member. The second tubular member has a closed bottom end with a second aperture spaced from the closed bottom end of the first tubular member and an open top end spaced from the closed top end of the first tubular member. A helical baffle plate is coiled around second tubular member. A third tubular member is concentrically positioned within the second tubular member. The third tubular member has an open bottom end spaced from the closed bottom end of the second tubular member and a top end extending through the first aperture in the first tubular member. A fourth tubular member is concentrically positioned within the third tubular member and extends through the second aperture in the second tubular member.

Abstract: A low-temperature refrigeration system (10) is disclosed for accurately maintaining an instrument (11) with a time varying heat output at a substantially constant predetermined cryogenic temperature. The refrigeration system (10) controls the temperature of the instrument (11) by accurately adjusting the pressure of coolant at a heat exchanger interface (12) associated with the instrument (11). The pressure and flow of coolant is adjusted through the use of one or two circulation loops and/or a non-mechanical flow regulator (24) including a heater (32). The refrigeration system further provides a thermal capacitor (16) which allows for variation of the cooling output of the system (10) relative to a cooling output provided by a cooling source (14).

Abstract: An absorption type refrigerator capable of returning an abnormally high temperature of heating water or an abnormally low temperature of cooling water to a normal temperature without stopping or switching the operation of the refrigerator is structured such that return heating water 46b is heated with refrigerant vapor 7a in a heater 41 and is provided to a heating load 310. When the temperature of the heating water 46a becomes abnormally high because the heating load 310 is small or zero, the switch valve V1 is opened to cool part of heating water 46a with part of cooling water 32 for heat radiation so as to reduce the temperature of the heating water 46a to a normal temperature. The heat of the heating water 46a may also be radiated by an air-cooled heat exchanger provided along the passages 44 and 45 of the heating water 46a.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for separating a mixture containing at least two components, each component having a different volatility. The separation is achieved through the use of a fractional distillation column and upper and lower storage vessels in conjunction with a chilling unit for forming a liquid phase of the mixture and a generator for forming a gas phase of the mixture.

Abstract: The method and the apparatus are used to obtain oxygen and nitrogen at superatmospheric pressure by low-temperature separation of air in a rectification column system. Compressed and purified feed air (1, 3) is introduced into a pressure column (4). Liquids (5, 8) from the lower region and, respectively, from the upper or middle region of the pressure column (4) are fed into the low-pressure column (7). A third liquid fraction (17) from the lower region of the low-pressure column (7) is evaporated in indirect heat exchange (12) with condensing vapour (11) from the upper region of the pressure column (4), at least a portion of the vapour (22, 24, 26, 27) obtained in the process being introduced into the low-pressure column (7). Condensate (13) is fed into the pressure column (4); A pressurized nitrogen fraction (10, 14, 15) is extracted as product from the upper region of the pressure column (4).

Abstract: A three-dimensional continuously weft knitted fabric cover characterized by a wale-wise orientated pouch and a method of knitting the same, in which a knitting pattern for knitting the fabric cover in a single operation is made by forming a two-dimensional development of the object and the pouch, determining the wale-wise direction for knitting, performing a geometric rearrangement on the two-dimensional development so that any non-horizontal edges to be joined together in the knitting operation have the same length, and said edges are biased at equal angles to the course-wise direction.

Abstract: A washing machine for washing extremely dirty clothes or shoes is disclosed. The washing machine has a housing, an outer tub for receiving the washing liquid, a spin tub disposed in the outer tub, a motor for generating a driving force, a pulsator for generating a swirl-shaped liquid flow in the spin tub, and a detachable washing bucket for receiving the extremely dirty articles so as to wash the articles therein. The washing bucket has a cylindrical body formed at its inner wall with a washing brush. A washing bucket cover is hinged to the upper portion of the body. A plurality of guide pins are formed at the underside of the body and extend downwards therefrom so as to be inserted into the pulsator. The washing bucket is securely fixed to the pulsator by means of a bolt.

Abstract: A washing machine includes a pressurized sealing arrangement capable of pressurizing and heating the interior of an outer tub which retains washing water by a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure. Here, a heater is installed between the outer tub, and an inner tub and a piston and a driving unit of the piston are formed to the inner bottom plane of a top cover. The driving unit includes a screw shaft formed with a male screw along the outer circumference thereof, a series of gears for transmitting a rotational force to the screw shaft and a control motor.

Abstract: A washing machine has a case constituting an external shell. The case has at least one wall defining sides of the case. One of the sides has an integral guide at a center of the one side. A washing vessel slides within the guide and has an inside and detachably coupled sealing cap on an opening into the inside. A shaker is coupled with the washing vessel for shaking the washing vessel and a balancer is mounted to an inside of the at least one wall for supporting the shaker from the at least one wall, for absorbing vibrations of the shaking relative to the case and for maintaining a balance of the case.

Abstract: A locking device and security system including a cable having two ends, each end having a notched rod, and a barrel-shaped operating mechanism having a passage through its center along its longitudinal axis. Each notched rod has a length half of the length of the cylindrical body portion; one of the notched rods is insertable at one end of the body portion into the passage and the other notched rod is insertable at the opposite end of the body portion into the passage.

Abstract: A manipulation resistant combination lock includes a housing, a drive cam attached a drive shaft, a moveable bolt, a fence attached to a fence lever, and tumbler wheels. A fence lever is pivotally attached to the bolt, and has a nose portion engageable with a drive cam gate in the drive cam which is keyed to the drive shaft and includes two spaced multi-surface contact rollers of magnetically attractable material on opposite sides of the drive cam gate. Each contact roller has a plurality of non-identical surfaces which is uniquely radially positioned and oriented relative to the axis of rotation of each contact roller. A permanent magnet is mounted in the nose portion of the fence lever thereon to assert an attraction force which rotates the contact roller as the contact roller approaches the nose portion of the fence lever due to rotation of the drive cam.

Abstract: An access control system, comprises at least one door to a secured area, each door having a strike plate, a host computer. The access control system further comprises at least one electro-mechanical key to independently actuate a lock that corresponds to the door(s). The host system records information selected from the group consisting of time of entry, place of entry, identification of entered party, and/or any combination thereof. In addition, a door knob and mechanical locking mechanism selectively latches and unlatches the locking mechanism and can be actuated with a mechanical key; and circuitry to actuate the locking mechanism to selectively latch so that the door can open, the circuitry actuated by an electrical signal transmitted by an electrical key, the electrical signal communicated by an electrical contact extending through the mechanical locking mechanism. The circuitry is powered by a battery, which can be removed without disturbing or actuating unlocking mechanism.

Abstract: A method for pneumatic forming of foil workpieces includes the steps of positioning a foil workpiece between a first and a second forming element, the second forming element having at least one forming cavity, moving the first and second forming elements into a clamping relationship with the foil workpiece, increasing pneumatic pressure between the first forming element and the foil workpiece to form the foil workpiece into the forming cavity, supplying a gas between the foil and the second forming element sufficient to enable the foil workpiece to move along the surface of the second forming element during the forming of the foil workpiece into the forming cavity, and removing the foil workpiece in a formed condition from between the first and second forming elements.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for bending a hollow double structured pipe, which is simple in construction, and is capable of putting into practice easily the continuous, two- or three-dimensional bending work.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a one piece integral metallic beam (22) having flanges (24), and a web (26) joining said flanges, the beam having been hot rolled from a heated metal workpiece (20) to produce an integral one piece beam having flanges and a web extending therebetween, the flanges having a predetermined first thickness, and the web having a predetermined second thickness less than the first thickness, and in which the web is heated to a hot forming temperature, without substantially heating the flanges and, the web is than passed through at least one metal forming die set (16), which is repeatedly closed on the web to form the web without forming the flanges. The method may also include the piercing of openings (28) through the web, and the forming of lips (30) around the openings, and also, the forming of a secondary product (52) from the portion of the web discarded from the opening, and also hot forging the lips (30) around the openings.

Abstract: An easy open can end having an improved rivet structure integrally formed thereon for the attachment of a pull tab, a method of further forming a can end to incorporate the improved rivet, and tooling for accomplishing the method. The further formation of the can end includes the steps of bubble formation, first button formation, and final rivet formation.

Abstract: A die (104) for forming a blank (14) into a container body (26) having an open end provides an annular undulated shaping surface (106) of substantially uniform radius. The container body (26) is formed by moving the blank through the shaping die (104), with the result that the undulations (106) laterally redistribute metal in the sidewall of the container body, as well as iron the sidewall during the forming process. The die enables the use of a blank (14) of noncircular geometric shape, such as a hexagon, by redistributing metal from the points of the hexagon to the area of the flats in order to produce an end product without excessive earing.

Abstract: Sweating hot plate apparatus simulating the thermoregulatory behavior of human skin and related method for predicting fabric comfort level with the apparatus. Fabric is placed on the top surface of the apparatus, and selected constant inputs of power flux and water flow are supplied to the apparatus, whereby the surface temperature of the apparatus changes and closely approximates the skin temperature of human subjects having levels of heat generation and sweat production corresponding at the same levels of power flux input and water flow input, respectively.

Abstract: A noise insulation arrangement reduces transmission of noise through an opening of a partition having a margin with a perimeter defining the opening. A shift lever assembly extends through the opening. This arrangement uses a noise insulator including a first noise barrier portion disposed in the opening adjacent to the perimeter of the partition and a first resilient portion extending between the first noise barrier and the shift lever assembly. A insulator cover is connected between the shift lever of the shift lever assembly and the margin of the partition. The cover includes a second noise barrier portion disposed adjacent to the perimeter and a second flexible portion. The second resilient portion is in the form of a bellows extending over the first resilient portion of the noise insulator.

Abstract: A crank mechanism for an internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder (1), a piston (2) reciprocable within the cylinder, and a rotatable shaft (4). The piston (2) is a drivable connection with the shaft (4) via a connecting rod (3), a drive ring (5) and a torque lobe (6). The connecting rod (3) is pivotally fixed to the piston (2), and the drive ring (5) is rigidly attached to the free end of the connecting rod (3). The torque lobe (5) is a circulate plate eccentrically mounted on the shaft (4) for rotation therewith about the axis thereof. The drive ring (5) is an annular sleeve which is a rotatable sliding fit around the rim of the torque lobe (6). The axis of the piston (2) is offset with respect to the center of the output shaft (4), whereby rectilinear movement of the piston (2) is converted to rotary movement of the torque lobe (6) or vice versa.

Abstract: A toothed-wheel gear change with power distribution over several layshafts (6, 7) having a radially and axially supported input shaft (2) and an output shaft (main shaft) (9) which is floating. At least one input gear (3, 4) provided on said input shaft (2) transmits the torque to gears (8) meshing therewith and firmly connected with the layshafts. The loose gears (10) are axially secured but radially free on the input and output shafts. A movable securing device (12, 13) makes possible the radial fixing of the input gear (3, 4).

Abstract: An improved gear change mechanism is provided for semi-automatically selecting a change up or change down gear change. The mechanism includes a shaft (31) which is movable in its axial direction and about its axis to make one such movement or a combination of such movements according to the gear to be selected. The shaft (31) is moved by pistons (36, 37) coaxial with the shaft for the axial movement and a piston (46) at a right angle to the shaft for the rotational movement. In practice the axial movement is a translating movement and the rotary movement is a movement into and out of engagement with the gears. Throttle and clutch control functions are also provided so that a gear change is initiated and brought about by switches (19A and 19B).

Abstract: A ball screw device is designed such that a load axially applied to a ball nut is uniformly supported by balls of all ball screw groove portions. The design is such that a gap along a load acting line between a ball and a ball screw groove portion farther from an attachment portion of the ball nut is smaller than a gap between a ball and a ball screw groove portion closer to the attachment portion, by an amount corresponding to an elastic deformation caused in the corresponding screw groove portion of the ball nut by a load acting on the ball nut.

Abstract: A ball screw-nut machine is disclosed in which a number of ball rolling elements are interposed between the spiral thread of a ball screw shaft and a ball nut, wherein the opposed threads of the shaft and nut define a load element rolling space. The balls circulate endlessly in plural endless circulation paths which are each formed by the combination of the load element rolling space and a ball circulating path. A lubricant supply member is disposed between the endless circulation paths so as to supply the balls and threads with lubricant. The lubricant supply member is formed of a lubricant-containing polymer. As a result, stable lubrication of the machine is ensured for a long time.

Abstract: A device for reducing ventilation loss of a high-speed gear mechanism with a gear housing NS intermeshing gears, which are surrounded by a casing and to which lubricant is supplied in the engagement area for the purpose of reducing friction. The gear mechanism consists, in a known manner, of a gearwheel and a pinion that intermeshes therewith. Utilizing the pressure that is automatically established in the tooth engagement and disengagement area, only the pinion is encapsulated over area of more than 180.degree. of its peripheral distance. The end of the encapsulation in the tooth disengagement area is designed so that there is constant enlargement of the uncovered cross-sectional area between the pinion and the gearwheel. Additionally, and the encapsulation is sealed on both sides relative to the non-toothed shaft area of the pinion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simulating multi-stage speed change shift lever operating device capable of simulating an operation similar to that of a driver riding in an actual vehicle and operating a shift lever of a manual speed change gear in multi-stage speed changing operation. The shift lever 2 is oscillatably pivoted around the pivot shafts 6 at the oscillation supporting member 24 in a forward or rearward direction, the returning resilient roller 35 pivotally supported at the oscillation supporting member 24 through the projecting shaft 29 is held by a pair of right and left bolts 39 pivotally fixed to the front plate 8, and the lower end 4 of the shift lever 2 bypasses around the outer circumferences of a pair of forward or rearward resilient guide rollers 19 and the guide rollers 21.

Abstract: A viscous torsional vibration damper having an annular chamber surrounding a central hub and first and second annular inertia masses located within the annular chamber. The innermost first inertia mass is closely coupled with an inner surface of the working chamber, and has a Teflon bearing arranged between the first inertia mass and the inner surface. The second annular inertia mass is closely mechanically coupled with the first inertia mass by lateral damping units, such as by elastomeric O-rings, such that the combination of the first and second inertia masses and the damping units are substantially freely rotatable within the working chamber due to the Teflon bearing but are arranged to absorb lateral vibrations by the lateral dampers. A viscous fluid is disposed within the working chamber surrounding the inertia masses.

Abstract: A tool for preparing a coaxial cable for termination includes a tool holder supporting an axially elongated cylindrical cutter and carrying a guide bushing for maintaining an end portion of a coaxial cable in coaxial alignment with the cutter as the cutter is rotated relative to the cable. A chamfer on the free end of the cutter defines the radially outer extent of a first cutting edge which removes core material contained within the metallic outer sheath of the cable. A coaxial bore extends through the cutter and receives the cable central conductor. A second cutting edge located near the free end of the cutter and partially defined by the cutter bore wall skives core material in close proximity to the surface of the central conductor. A third cutting edge spaced from the first and second edges strips material from the metallic sheath to expose an end portion of the conductor beyond the end of the sheath.

Abstract: A ratchet screwdriver includes a handle having a chamber in its interior for accommodating a ratchet mechanism, a drive sleeve of the ratchet mechanism being provided to cooperate with a transmission shaft inserted through a hole of the handle, the transmission shaft having a bit at either end, the bit at one end of the transmission shaft being utilized as a structural element for power transmission while the bit at the other end being used to drive a screw. The ratchet mechanism may be enveloped by a bit receptacle made of plastics before the mechanism is put inside the chamber such that the drive sleeve is fitted with the transmission shaft fixedly located at the front end of the handle. A rear cap may be provided at the rear end of the handle.

Abstract: A ratchet screw driver 10 is provided which has a handle 20 secured to a primary shaft 40, which in turn is secured to a ratchet housing 50. The ratchet housing 50 selectively supports a secondary shaft 140 which supports driver tips 170 thereon. A switch 120 provides for selective operation of the ratchet screw driver 10 to operate only in a clockwise direction, only in a counterclockwise direction, or in a neutral position which operates in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions. The switch interacts with the ratchet mechanism in a manner such that toggling of the switch in a clockwise direction configures the ratchet screw driver 10 to then be utilizable in a clockwise direction. Toggling of the switch 120 in a counterclockwise direction causes the ratchet screw driver 10 to then be utilizable in a counterclockwise direction. The ratchet housing 50 includes a left pawl 100 and right pawl 110 supported upon a left shelf 70 and right shelf 80 within the ratchet housing 50.