Abstract: A rework configuration is provided for disconnecting defective lithography-formed conductors and/or overlying electrical components from the printed circuit wiring netlist and connecting rework elements at the substituted sites. In particular, defective regions can be severed at spaced first and second target areas the upper surface of the PCB and one or more interconnect structures can be coupled therebetween. The interconnect structures allow re-routing of PCB conductors, allow connectivity between the upper and lower surfaces, allow connectivity to power and ground planes, and allow pull-up, pull-down and decoupling connectivity.

Abstract: A cable header assembly for mounting a cable in an electronic device, the assembly including a connecting member fixedly connected to a plurality of wires of the cable such that the wires are maintained at a predetermined spacing. The connecting member includes an adhesive strip adhesively connected to the wires, an integral plastic member including a flat body and a plurality of clip portions which are snap-coupled to the wires or a heat sensitive strip which is melted onto the wires.

Abstract: The apparatus of the present invention comprises two parts; an apparatus for automatically installing the supplemental (shunt) joint, and the shunt joint itself. The shunt joint provides both mechanical and electrical connection between two ends of an electrical cable, augmenting the existing joint which may remain in place. The installation device comprises a frame which may be lifted into place over the power line by a crane or helicopter. The frame is provided with a first linear actuator for placing at least first and second wedge elements fitted at each end of an existing socket joint. The frame also comprises a second linear actuator for placing first and second wedge sockets at least partly surrounding the line and cooperating with corresponding wedge elements. At least one threaded shaft, powered by an actuator motor, is provided to pull together the wedge sockets with the wedge elements. Together, the wedge elements and wedge sockets surround and lock around the line at each side of the socket joint.

Abstract: The invention relates to making temporary, pressure connections between electronic components and, more particularly, to techniques for performing test and burn-in procedures on semiconductor devices prior to their packaging, preferably prior to the individual semiconductor devices being singulated from a semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: A cast screw rotor has an opened lightening or reduced weight hole formed inside each thread portion. The opened hole is formed along torsion of the thread portion, and a shaft is inserted into an axial hole. The screw rotor is manufactured by a method in which each of the thread portions and the axial hole are formed on the basis of the reduced weight hole.

Abstract: A hollow shaft member having an end member (end piece) joined to either of its ends for installation in office automation equipment, in which, an end member of soft metal is inserted in the inner wall end of a hollow shaft member formed of hard metal and, the edge member is pressed after press-fit insertion into a portion of the hollow shaft member and, at the same time the end member is deformed by stress and, due to the pressure from the deformation, the hollow shaft member at the outer side of the end member is made to expand within a range such that the internal radial expansion .delta. is:.delta.=a.sup.2 /t.multidot.P/E(1-.nu./2).

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an upper work roller for use in the deep rolling of crankshafts including the steps of: rough sawing tool steel to form a generally cylindrical wafer, heat treating said wafer to provide it with a desired hardness, grinding of said wafer to desired dimensions to form a properly dimensioned heat treated blank wafer, a second grinding of said wafer to form a finished shape of work roller, and vibratory finishing said roller to achieve a desired microfinish thereon.

Abstract: An elongated siding panel and a longitudinally extending panel attachment and support strip have overlapping edge portions with longitudinally spaced slots receiving corresponding hook-shaped tabs to form loose positive connections. The slots have a length longer than the tabs to provide for limited longitudinal movement of the panel relative to the support strip. The panel and strip are preferably formed from an extruded flat strip of semi-rigid plastics material, and the continuously formed panel and support strip are progressively notched and punched at longitudinally spaced intervals to form the slots and tabs and expansion slots. The notched and punched support strip is progressively severed from the panel, twisted on a longitudinal axis, and the tabs are progressively inserted into the slots for hooking the overlapping edge portion of the panel.

Abstract: A combined toe and finger nail clipper having a common metal strip with a toe nail cutting edge at one end and a finger nail cutting edge at the opposite end. Mating nail cutting edges are at the ends of two additional metal strips which are each welded above and below at opposite ends of the common metal strip. A pair of vertical retaining posts located at each end of the nail clipping unit hold lever arms which can be stored in the flat position or rotated around and put into the use position as in conventional nail clippers. In this way a manufacturer can produce a combined toe and finger nail clipper more economically than two separate nail clippers and the user can store the combined nail clipper in a smaller space without worrying about locating two separate clippers.

Abstract: A removable attachment for use with a hand-held tool is disclosed. The tool comprises a housing and a cutting blade mounted therein for continuous reciprocating movement during operation. The attachment comprises a work piece receiving member pivotally mounted to the tool housing. An adjustable clamping member is pivotally mounted to the work piece receiving member. An adjuster, movable between an engaged and a disengaged position, is operably connected to the clamping member for adjusting the clamping member so as to clamp a work piece positioned on the work piece receiving member for operation thereon by the cutting blade. A quick release mechanism is provided for quickly moving the adjuster between its engaged and disengaged positions.

Abstract: A slotter capable of providing a cut of precise depth into a tube is comprised of a main base and an adjustable roller base capable of extension and retraction from the main base, controllable by an adjustable over-center actuator linkage. A pair of roller sets securely hold the tube within the device. A cutting blade, straddled by a pair of limiting rollers, cuts into the tube. Cutting blade rotation is provided by a pneumatically powered rotational motor.

Abstract: A utility knife having replaceable blades is provided having a handle with an exterior surface and an interior. A slide member is slidingly mounted in the interior of the handle. A blade is removably mounted to the slide member such that, in a first position, the blade is contained completely within the handle and, in a second position, the blade extends partially out of the handle. A shell is hinged to the handle at the exterior surface. The shell includes a central cavity shaped to receive replacement blades. Further, a utility knife having replaceable blades is provided having a handle with a first casing and a second casing. A hinge member is mounted to the first bottom edge and the second bottom edge such that the first casing can be rotated with respect to the second casing from a closed position to an open position. A slide beam is slidingly mounted on the first casing. A blade is removably attached to the front end of the slide beam.

Abstract: A new Handle Cutter Assembly used in the packaging and shipping of things in cardboard boxes and the like. The inventive device includes a handle, a cutter for cutting handle slots, and an exacto knife. In use, the Handle Cutter Assembly is pushed against a wall of material such as cardboard or the like. Since the surface area of the cutting edge is reduced due to the high or pointed edges along with the low edges, the cutter readily penetrates the surface of the material. As the cutter is pushed through the material, the low edges approach and eventually cut as well. The cutter does not go completely around as in an oval, but rather it is shaped like a "C" and has one side left open. This remaining open side consequently does not cut the material adjacent to this area of the cutter for the purpose of leaving the material intact and to be folded over.

Abstract: A hedge trimmer includes a motor and a cutting mechanism driven by the motor. A clutch mechanism is interposed between the motor and the cutting mechanism. A first and a second handle are provided to be grasped with both hands of an operator. A clutch control mechanism is provided for connecting and disconnecting the clutch mechanism. The clutch control mechanism includes a first and a second switch lever which are associated with the first and second handles, respectively, and which are operable by the operator between a first and a second position, respectively. A pin is operably connected to the first and second switch levers and is movable between a connecting position for connecting the clutch mechanism and a disconnecting position for disconnecting the clutch mechanism. Biasing members serve to hold the pin at the disconnecting position when at least one of the first and second switch levers are at the first position.

Abstract: A line trimmer head is provided including a rotatable drive shaft and a housing mounted to the drive shaft for rotation therewith. The housing has an open end and at least one peripheral aperture formed through the housing. A spool subassembly is positioned at least partially within the housing adjacent the open end of the housing. The subassembly includes a spool having at least one flange extending radially outwardly from the periphery thereof, a cog ring secured to the spool, and a ratchet and pawl assembly formed between the cog ring and spool. The ratchet and pawl assembly allows rotation of the spool in a first direction with respect to the cog ring for winding line around the spool while preventing spool rotation in a second direction opposite the first direction to facilitate line feed bumping and line trimming operations. In an alternative embodiment, the pawl is integrally molded with the spool to eliminate the separate spring-pawl assembly.

Abstract: A tilt and motion apparatus capable of high accuracy positioning. An upper stage is spaced apart and moved, both for vertical movement and tilting, relative to a lower stage. The upper stage is supported on the lower stage by three articulated flexures which each move in the vertical direction but are kinematically rigid in the horizontal plane. Each articulated flexure has three arms connected in a Z shape and both flexure ends are fixed to a base structure mounted on the lower stage. A voice coil motor with one element mounted on the flexure and a second cooperating element on the lower stage pushes against each flexure, which is also connected to the upper stage, away from the lower stage. Thus, the upper stage is very stiff in the horizontal direction. Additionally, at least one air cylinder is connected between the upper stage and lower stage to provide a constant counterforce to the upper stage to support its weight.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for correcting for the distorting effect of cross-axial magnetic interference on the readings of a well survey tool using a reduced number of measurements and measuring locations. A well survey tool connected to a drill string assembly measures the gravitational and distorted terrestrial magnetic fields at two or more axially displaced locations in an axially extending well bore. The measurements are made from two or more different orientations (tool faces) of the tool about the well axis. Initial values for the tool inclination, azimuth and tool face angle are first determined without correction for the cross-axial magnetic interference introduced by the drill string assembly and the survey tool. Measurements made at each location and tool face are referred to the toots coordinate system and variations introduced by the different tool face angles are used to estimate the cross-axial interference. The estimated interference is used to improve the estimate of the azimuth.

Abstract: A method for well borehole survey is set out. A sonde supports X and Y accelerometers and X and & sensors on a rate gyro having a Z axis aligned with the sonde. On a slickline, or within a drill string, the sonde is used to measure four variables, these being G.sub.x and G.sub.y, A.sub.x and A.sub.z. This enables well azimuth and inclination to determined. Measuring depth enables a survey to be made.

Abstract: A method and apparatus (10) for aligning a towed vehicle (12) with a towing vehicle (14) is disclosed. The method is implemented with an alignment apparatus (10) including a base (22) configured for attachment to the towed vehicle (12), a platform (23) rotatably mounted on the base (22), and a level device (24) mounted on the rotatable platform (23). While the towed vehicle (12) is connected to the towing vehicle (14), the platform (23) and level device (24) are rotated until the level device (24) is in its level position. This sets a reference height position for the towed vehicle (12). When it is desired to reconnect the towed vehicle (12) with the towing vehicle (14), the towed vehicle (12) is raised until the level device (24) is once again in its level position. In one embodiment, the alignment apparatus includes a base hingedly connected to a mounting bracket for permitting side-to-side leveling of the towed vehicle.

Abstract: A level tool is arranged to facilitate gradient measurement and matching of lines on inclined surfaces, such as to establish parallel reference lines when installing roofing materials. The tool has a rule-like base member defining an elongated reference edge, and has a centrally located protrusion on its lower surface and a level on its upper surface for sensing orientation of the tool around an axis perpendicular to the base member and to the level. The level can have a fluid filled disk or circularly arched tube with a captive air bubble, and preferably is graduated to mark positions of the bubble. The tool is placed on the inclined surface so that the raised protrusion rests against the inclined surface and a reference edge is parallel to the plane of the surface and aligned to a pre-existing line to be matched with a parallel line.

Abstract: Designed to be fitted to an ophthalmic lens grinding machine to be calibrated instead of an ophthalmic lens, a calibration template is in the general form of a disk with a circular contour over at least part of its perimeter. Its contour forms two localized angular points circumscribed by a common circumference and having a relative angular offset.

Abstract: A three-dimensional part measurement system includes a base; at least two guides in the base extending along a first dimension of the part to be measured; a carriage; at least three followers supporting the carriage and movable along the guides to follow the part in the first dimension; and a first gauge mounted on the carriage for measuring deviations of the part in a second dimension and a second gauge mounted on the carriage for measuring deviation of the part in a third dimension.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a probe head of a coordinate measuring apparatus for conducting measurements on a workpiece. The probe head has a first longitudinal axis and has a probe pin mounted on the probe head. The probe pin has a second longitudinal axis defining an angle with the first longitudinal axis. A joint-free, rigidly-configured adjusting device adjusts this angle when the probe pin is not in contact with the workpiece.

Abstract: A multi-coordinate touch probe including a deflectable stylus, a stylus support, and a sensor arrangement for sensing the deflection of the stylus and for generating a deflection signal, with the deformation parameters of the assembly stylus/support, which include a geometrical layout of the support, a geometrical shape of the stylus, and properties of a stylus material, being so selected that a noticeable scanning direction-dependent characteristic is eliminated.

Abstract: A slide lock for a power return measuring tape includes an elongated lock member slidably mounted in a casing. The lock member has a resilient locking tongue and follower pins extending laterally from lock member. The follower pins engage guide in the casing, which includes a guiding surface formed by a ridge in each side wall to engage the pins, the guiding surface defining a descending path to guide the tongue from a position above a measuring tape in the housing to a position in contact with the measuring tape. A lock surface is formed at a lower end of the guiding surface with a protrusion at a junction between the guiding surface and the lock surface. Movement of the pins over the protrusion to the lock surface forces the tongue in contact with the measuring blade and causes the tongue to bend to apply a clamping force to the measuring blade.

Abstract: A combination drying unit has a towel roll rotatably held within a housing. An air blower, powered by a motor, is also held within the housing. The motor provides a stream of air from the air blower through an opening in the housing. The motor also powers, via an appropriate transmission unit, a guide roller, which engages a towel stream and dispenses the stream through a second opening. A sensor detects a towel outage within the device and communicates, in appropriate fashion, the towel outage condition.

Abstract: A material drying apparatus having a sealable chamber for receipt of wet material, such as clothing. In this embodiment clothing placed into the chamber is dried upon the evacuation of air from the chamber wherein moisture drawn from the clothes is condensed on a condensate coil placed in the chamber. Heating coils placed around the chamber elevate the temperature to enhance condensate operation providing an energy efficient material dryer requiring no make-up air. Condensed water is purged after the drying process although provisions provide for an interim purge should excess liquid be drawn from the material.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a channel having an inlet end for receiving particulate material to be dehydrated and an outlet end for discharging the particulate material in a dehydrated condition. A screw conveyor rotatably mounted in the channel advances the particulate material while stirring the particulate material to enhance the release of water and noxious vapors. A fan creates an air current in the channel to entrain water and noxious vapors released by the particulate material. The vapors are directed toward a heating chamber which incinerates dangerous and odoriferous compounds as much as possible. The resulting gaseous media is directed through a passage in a heat-exchange relationship with the channel to elevate the temperature of the particulate material that is being processed and to cause same to release water and noxious vapors.

Abstract: A rugged, adjustable gas distributor for vertical gas/solid fluidized bed reactors. The openings in the gas distributor containing axially positionable bolt assemblies which may be alternately loosened or tightened to regulate gas flow into the fluidizing chamber without having to empty the reactor.

Abstract: A heat salvaging device for a household laundry drier. The device may serve both as a stand for the drier and a device for salvaging waste heat from the drying process. The heat salvaging operation is controlled by controlling a single vent in the stand.

Abstract: A shoe providing a massaging effect for a wearer of the shoe includes a sole bladder containing a fluid which can flow within the bladder as a wearer shifts weight in the shoe and at least one flow passage extending from the bladder into a shoe upper adjacent a portion of a wearer's foot and arranged in conjunction with the bladder so that fluid from the bladder will flow through the passage upon at least a particular weight transfer on the bladder. Preferably a flow passage is provided around the heel portion of the shoe and also at locations forwardly of the heel portion of the shoe. The fluid in the bladder is replaceable so that a cooling fluid or a warming fluid can be placed in the bladder. The bladder can also contain recessed portions positioned to relieve pressure on particular areas of a wearer's foot.

Abstract: A shoe cushioning system having a thin midsole, a first forefoot element, a second forefoot element and a heel element is described. The first forefoot element is connected to the midsole near the front of the forefoot region, the second forefoot element is connected to the midsole near the rear of the forefoot region, and the heel element is connected to the midsole in the heel region. The first and second forefoot elements are separated by a flex zone. The first forefoot element, second forefoot element and heel element each comprise an elastically deformable cushion with substantially planar top and bottom sides, and an attached cap structure. The first forefoot element may have a curved front edge and a substantially linear rear edge, wherein the curved front edge approximately follows the curved line defined by the metatarsal heads of the metatarsus bones of the foot.

Abstract: A shoe includes a rear sole support for receiving a replaceable rear sole to provide longer wear. The shoe may also include a flexible plate supported by the rear sole support between the heel and the rear sole to reduce midsole compression and provide additional spring. A mounting member secures the rear sole to the rear sole support, and a locking member prevents rotation of the rear sole relative to the rear sole support during use. The replaceable rear sole and the flexible plate allow the shoe to be adapted to different desired performance characteristics depending upon the intended activity and terrain or playing surface.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a shoe, particularly for skates, entails the positioning of a soft innerboot on an adapted last and the subsequent dry assembly of a rigid shell made of plastics to the innerboot. An overlap injection-molding or pouring of thermoplastic or thermosetting material is then performed on at least part of the edge of the shell so as to affect the innerboot and the frame, in order to achieve a skate that simultaneously provides comfort for the user's foot and optimum transmission of forces at the underlying supporting frame for the wheels that are associated below the shell.

Abstract: A sport boot having a shell base with its sole and an upper that is provided with at least one tightening device mounted on a strap to surround the lower part of the skier's leg, on the one hand, and in its rear portion with at least one adjustment arrangement enabling it to adapt to the morphology of the rear zone of the lower part of the leg. The boot upper has a rigid lower element topped and connected by a linking element to a flexible upper element that is provided with at least one strap with its tightening device, and with at least one deformable portion. The deformable portion is located above the element in correspondence with the back zone of the lower element, such that by tightening the strap on the lower part of the leg, such portion presses against the rear zone of the latter by adapting to its morphology.

Abstract: A snowplow (20) adapted for being attached to or detached from a vehicle (22) having a frame (24). The snowplow includes a mount frame (26) for connection to the vehicle frame, a support frame (32), a lift assembly (38) and a blade assembly. The blade assembly of the invention includes a blade (30), a blade cutting edge (31) and a wheel support assembly (56). The support frame includes a forward end (33) for supporting the blade and a rearward end (36) for connection to the vehicle. When detached from the vehicle as a single unit, the resultant weight on the rearward end of the support frame may be supported on a ground surface (46) by a jack stand (48).

Abstract: A snowplow (20) adapted for being attached or detached from a vehicle (22) having a frame (24). The snowplow includes a mount frame (26) for connection to the vehicle frame, a support frame (32), a lift assembly (38) and a blade assembly. The blade assembly includes a blade (30), a blade cutting edge (31) and a wheel support assembly (56). The support frame includes a forward end (33) for supporting the blade and a rearward end (36) for connection to the vehicle. When detached from the vehicle as a single unit, the resultant weight on the rearward end of the support frame is supported on a ground surface (46) by a jack stand (48). The wheel support assembly is mounted adjacent to or slightly ahead of a center of gravity (58).

Abstract: Retaining pin assemblies for use in releasably securing an excavating tooth or point to a mounting adaptor. Each pin assembly includes one or more holders insertable lengthwise in registering apertures in the adaptor and tooth and movable thereafter widthwise to cause interengagement. The holder and the apertures are provided with complementary portions. A locking member is inserted after engagement of the pin to fix the adaptor and tooth together.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for protecting a base edge of a ground engaging implement of a work machine from wear. The apparatus includes a base edge cover and retaining apparatus of a construction adapted for time saving removal and installation. A mounting base is carried on the upper face of the base edge and has opposite sides and a outwardly opening cavity. The cavity has a concave frontal face thereon and a retainer opening through the one side in registry with the concave frontal face. A hook portion is provided on the base edge cover, which is adapted to be received within the cavity of the mounting base and positionable at a operative position where the convex face on the hook portion is disposed in a spaced opposing relation to the concave face in the cavity to define an arcuate groove therebetween.

Abstract: Display apparatus is removably attachable to the filler gun of a fuel pump, the filler gun including in series connection a gun nozzle having a forward discharge end and a rear end, a gun head having both a forward end portion which connects with the rear end of the gun nozzle and a rearward handle portion whose forward end connects to the rear of the gun nozzle and a rearward handle portion whose forward end connects to the rear end of said gun head.

Abstract: A border for a substantially two-dimensional image comprises an anterior pattern and a posterior pattern, the patterns being space one from the other and being arranged to form, when viewed together, a resultant apparent pattern in a different plane to that of the image. The patterns each comprise relatively brighter and relatively darker regions, but each usually has a different pitch. The posterior pattern may advantageously comprise an array of reflective dots printed onto a major surface of a light transmissive sheet which may be edge lit by a light source. The border brightness can then be independent of ambient light conditions and simple to manufacture.

Abstract: A display device consisting of a plurality of rotating segments each carrying elements of a message or sign, each rotating relative to each other, the center of rotation of each being contained within the circumference of its adjacent segment, either eccentrically or concentrically. These segments are driven by a series of planetary gear systems or their equivalent, arranged in layers, each driving the next. To these segments may be attached a plurality of auxiliary devices, all driven by the same mechanism, which can enhance the attraction of the device, carry elements of the message, etc. Each segment or auxiliary device can be of a variety of shapes, colors, graphics, etc. Segments can be nested or overlapping, totally or in combination. Message can be continuously or intermittently scrambled and unscrambled.

Abstract: An information displayer with interchangeable boards for use in displaying advertising messages. Two sets of boards are disposed on two chains respectively, with each chain rotating about a pair of pinions. One pinion is stationary while the other is connected to a stepping motor. Hooks on a rigid bar grasp openings in the boards to release and display the boards. A pre-programmed microprocessor controls the stepping motor, permitting the boards to be displayed in any selected manner.

Abstract: A segmented sign drive provides rotational driving force from a drive arm moving in reciprocating motion. The arm moves a series of pins in a series of grooves located in drive disks. A drive disk is mounted to each segment of the sign so as to rotate the segments into preferred positions in a step-by-step sequence where all of the segments move together to new positions so as to change the outward appearance of the sign. The grooves are ramped so that on a forward stroke of the drive arm the pins are moved upward on a ramped groove in the drive disks to fall into a preferred hole at one end of each of the grooves. On the return or reverse stroke, the pins, now caught within the holes, cause the disks to rotate by one part of the cycle. On the next cycle, the pins again move out of the holes and up the ramp surfaces of the next grooves which have been moved into place where the former grooves were.

Abstract: A computer disk label includes an outer panel including a base portion for being connected to the disk jacket, a flapper portion connected to the base portion so that the flapper portion is movable between a closed position adjacent the jacket and an open position extending outwardly from the base portion, and a pocket defining portion connected to the base portion for defining a pocket in cooperation with an adjacent portion of the disk jacket. In addition, the disk label preferably includes a flapper panel connected to the flapper portion and being movable therewith between the closed and open positions. The flapper panel preferably has a tip extending outwardly beyond an edge of the flapper portion of the outer panel so that the tip of the flapper panel may be received within the pocket when in the closed position. The label may include an intermediate panel positioned between the base portion of the outer jacket panel and the jacket and between the flapper portion of the outer panel and the flapper panel.

Abstract: A display unit suitable for use in providing box frames or shadow boxes. The unit is preferably of integral plastics construction and comprises stepped side walls which form a main compartment, the side walls having front and rear peripheral edges with a mounting formation in the form of a flange projecting outwardly from the front edge and a rear formation, preferably in the form of a rear panel, extending inwardly from the rear edge. Additional mounting formations arc provided in the side walls, between, and spaced apart from the front and rear peripheral edges. Several units may be coupled in series to form a deeper unit. Grooves may be provided in the rear surfaces of the stepped side walls to trim the unit to a smaller size.

Abstract: An accessory which becomes an integral part of a semi-automatic firearm whereby a detachable box magazine is converted to no longer be immediately separable for exchange with another magazine. The firearm is preferably an AR-15 firearm which is modified by the accessory to pivotally mount the firearm's magazine to a non-removable shroud affixed to the firearm. The magazine shroud includes a retaining band which generally encircles the magazine, and provides a track to allow the magazine to be disengaged from the firearm and dropped sufficiently therefrom to be tilted to an open position for loading and unloading cartridges.

Abstract: A fire control system for a semiautomatic, double action only pistol includes a sear carried by a biased sear arm. As in other pistols, the sear engages a striker to load it against a striker spring until it is released to fire a chambered round. In the present invention, the sear arm is biased so that it urges the sear forward and upward, against the rearward movement of the sear as a result of the pulling of a trigger operating through a trigger arm, and restores the sear after release of the striker. The sear arm is biased by a spring system comprising two torsion springs. One torsion spring operates against the sear block to urge the sear arm in an upward direction; the other torsion spring, pivotally supporting the sear, operates on it to urge it forward. The sear and the striker lie in the same plane.

Abstract: Bolt assembly for use in a firearm for firing electrically activated ammunition.

Abstract: A thin composite material fabricated specifically to assist in the use of percussion caps as they relate to muzzleloaded firearms.