Abstract: Susceptor and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus including the same. The susceptor includes: a plurality of susceptor slices that form a disk when combined together; and at least one pocket disposed on an upper surface of each of the plurality of susceptor slices and containing a member on which a material is to be deposited, wherein, a connection part is formed between side surfaces of neighboring susceptor slices and allows the plurality of susceptor slices to be combined to each other in a separable/detachable manner.

Abstract: Provided is a film forming apparatus for forming a film on a substrate maintained within a film forming container by supplying a raw material gas to the substrate. The film forming container includes a substrate maintaining unit, a supply mechanism configured to include a supply pipe with supply holes formed thereon to supply a raw material gas to the interior of the film forming container through the supply holes, an exhaust mechanism configured to include an exhaust pipe with exhaust holes formed thereon to exhaust gas from the interior of the film forming container through the exhaust holes, and a controller configured to control the substrate maintaining unit, the supply mechanism, and the exhaust mechanism. The supply holes and the exhaust holes are formed to face each other with the substrate maintained in the substrate maintaining unit interposed therebetween.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for milking animals, comprising a control device (2), four teat cups (6a to 6d), at least one collecting device (11a, 11b) for collecting the extracted milk and a milking line (15) for conveying the milk, said teat cups (6a to 6d) and said at least one collecting device (11a, 11b) and the milking line (15) being interconnected by way of milk lines (10a to 10d, 12a, 12b). A sensor device (13a) is provided and by means of said sensor device (13a) both the milk flow in at least one fore quarter (54, 55) of the udder (53) and the milk flow in at least one rear quarter (56, 57) is captured to separately control the milking operation by fore and rear udder half (58, 59).

Abstract: A device for automatically milking an animal in an animal space is provided with a robot arm for automatically performing an action on a teat of the animal, a teat sensor, and an animal position sensor for determining the animal position in the animal space. The animal position sensor is movable in a longitudinal direction of the animal space. The animal position sensor is mounted so as to be movable or shiftable in a longitudinal direction of the animal space. This has the advantage that the range of the sensor becomes considerably larger while the sensor can be the same as in a known device.

Abstract: A submersible, universal water fountain system for an animal watering vessel. The system includes a port for discharging water into the vessel, a housing which has an inlet through which water is drawn from the vessel, and a pump for drawing water through the inlet and forcing the water from the housing through the port back into the vessel. The port discharges water in a pattern to diminish overspray outside the vessel and create a stream-like flow path of water movement in the vessel to enhance the water drinking experience of an animal.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a housing system for conducting high throughput animal experiments. The housing system includes a home cage, at least one rotatable turnstile enclosed by housing to form two or more isolation chambers, a means for animal identification, and one or more action stations functionally coupled to one or more isolation chambers. The turnstile includes a plurality of one or more separation members rotatable about a vertical axis, each isolation chamber bounded by one or more separation members. The action stations contain one or more devices facilitating completion of at least one animal-directed or experimentor-initiated action. In a preferred embodiment, the home cage is sufficiently sized to house a plurality of small animals, such as mice. Tunnel passageways may be connected to the home cage, including one or more tunnel passageways containing a rotatable turnstile.

Abstract: Devices, apparatuses, systems and/or methods related to animal enclosures. Specifically, the disclosed devices, apparatuses, systems and/or methods relate to animal enclosure floor seal systems that may be coupled to an animal enclosure wall and may impede, restrict and/or reduce debris from entering or exiting the animal enclosure. In this manner, likelihood of contamination of the animal enclosure may be reduced.

Abstract: A habitat (1) having a framed enclosure (2) with removable panels (25), preferably constructed out of a screen material and a basin (3) that collects waste, such as bird food and feces, and is use to collect and dispose of water when cleaning the habitat or to drain water if the habitat is being used for gardening. A removable perch (18) and carrying bag (21) allows a user a way to easily transport an animal from location to location. A cleaning perch (21) attaches to the top of the frame and provides a location for an animal to rest while the habitat is being cleaned. The cleaning perch also provides a ring (22) for attaching a shower curtain (23) that surrounds the habitat while it is being cleaned. One of many alternative uses for the habitat is as a portable garden.

Abstract: An aerodynamically interactive artifact is proportioned to experience at least one of tumbling, fluttering, and autorotating motion when subjected to free fall in a gravitational field. Suitable shapes include films, strips, butterflies, birds, and the like. The artifact may be contain a neutraceutical, may be dissolvable in pet saliva, and may provide an olfactory sensation for a pet. Dimensionless parameters such as Froude number and length-to-thickness ratios may be used to select aerodynamically interactive motions.

Abstract: An animal support harness and method of supporting and restraining movement of an animal is provided. The apparatus includes a sling that can be routed around the abdomen of the animal, and a plurality of primary support straps extend and are joined at a handle. A leash strap is integrated with the handle, and extends to connect to the collar of the animal. The integral leash strap along with the primary support straps enables an owner to control not only an upward supporting force for the animal, but also provides an inherent restraint to prevent an animal from walking too quickly or lunging, which might otherwise harm the animal.

Abstract: A water heater for heating potable water used in a boat or vehicle has operating components which are easily accessible from one end of the heater. The heater further includes a water level sensor to indicate water quantity and a coolant stack which terminates in an exhaust stack which can have either of two configurations for installation flexibility.

Abstract: An exhaust assembly for use with a gas-fired water heater that includes a hood for receiving exhaust gas from the gas-fired water heater, a housing, and a fan positioned in the housing to move exhaust gas from the hood out of the exhaust outlet. The hood includes a first hood mounting location and a second hood mounting location. The housing includes an exhaust outlet and a housing mounting location. In a first configuration, the exhaust outlet faces a first direction and the housing mounting location is aligned with and secured at the first hood mounting location. In a second configuration, the exhaust outlet faces a second direction different than the first direction and the housing mounting location is aligned with and secured at the second hood mounting location.

Abstract: A pulse detonation device includes a body member having an outer wall and an inner wall that defines a pulse detonation zone and a plurality of obstacles extend along the pulse detonation zone. At least a portion of the plurality of obstacles include a combustion catalyst.

Abstract: A steam generator includes a substantially horizontal gas conduit (1) to guide a heating gas flow (2) and an evaporator unit positioned at least partially in the horizontal gas conduit for transferring heat from the heating gas to a flow medium which flows through the evaporator unit. The heat transfer section of the evaporator unit of the steam generator is bottom fed, which means that the inlet conduit is arranged at a lower region of the heat transfer section. The outlet conduit is arranged at an upper region. The inlet conduit allows an once through operation of the evaporator section which is necessary to enable operation under supercritical circumstances. The evaporator unit includes at least two evaporator stages (3, 4) which are arranged in a cascade. Each evaporator stage includes a heat transfer section (12, 21) and a separator (14, 23). The presence of the separators (14, 23) subdivides the evaporator unit into evaporator stages (3, 4).

Abstract: A valve timing control device includes a first housing, a vane rotor, a second housing, a sealing plate, a regulating portion and a biasing portion. The sealing plate is interposed between the first housing and the second housing. The biasing portion biases the regulating portion toward the sealing plate. The sealing plate has a recess recessed from a base part toward the second housing at a predetermined position corresponding to the regulating portion in a relative rotation of the vane rotor. The regulating portion regulates the relative rotation of the vane rotor relative to the first housing and the second housing by being fitted with the recess of the sealing plate.

Abstract: A process for operating an internal combustion engine or a nozzle includes producing a fuel mixture in-situ. The fuel mixture consists of a polar component A, a nonpolar fuel component B, an amphiphilic component C, and an auxiliary component D. The fuel mixture is produced in a high-pressure region of an injection system of an internal combustion engine or of a nozzle within 10 seconds of an injection operation. The fuel mixture is injected into the internal combustion engine or the nozzle. A pressure is in a range of from 100 to 4,000 bar.

Abstract: A corona discharge (24) ignition includes an electrode (38) emitting a radio frequency electric field and providing a corona discharge (24) to ignite a combustible mixture. The system includes a controlled high voltage energy supply (52) providing energy to a main energy storage (28) at a main voltage. A fixed high voltage energy supply (54) provides extra energy to an extra energy storage (26) at an extra voltage, which is greater than the main voltage. While the corona discharge (24) is being provided, the energy of the main energy storage (28), but not the extra energy storage (26), is provided to the electrode (38). When the corona discharge (24) switches to arc discharge, the extra energy of the extra energy storage (26) is provided to the corona igniter (22) to enhance the arc discharge and provide reliable ignition until the corona discharge (24) is restored.

Abstract: The invention relates to a corona ignitor device configured to be fixed within a combustion chamber, including a housing extending between an upper end and a lower end of the ignitor device. Inductor windings are received in the housing between the upper and lower ends, and a magnetic shield located between the housing and the inductor windings prevent magnetic flux from emanating out of the ignitor device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement comprising an internal combustion engine ignition device having a spark plug and a spark plug seat in which the spark plug can be fastened in a fastening zone, and a cylinder head in which the spark plug is or can be mounted via the spark plug seat, the cylinder head having a cylinder head cooling cavity. The spark plug seat comprises a temperature control medium chamber which is separate from the cylinder head cooling cavity and has a medium feed line and a medium discharge line, the temperature control medium chamber and the cylinder head cooling cavity being connected to separate medium temperature control devices and forming separate medium systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a switching relay (1), particularly for a starting device for starting an internal combustion engine, having a contact device (5), a relay coil (2), an armature (3), and an actuating rod (4), wherein the actuating rod (4) is displaced placed by the armature (3) when current is applied to the relay coil (2) and the contact device (5) is actuated by the actuating rod (4), and having a contact ripping device by means of which the armature (3) and the actuating rod (4) are coupled to each other. In order to simplify assembly and disassembly, the contact ripping device is implemented having a latching device in the armature (3) .

Abstract: An intake system for an internal combustion engine, having a structure in which blow-by oil and/or fuel entering into an air cleaner case can be discharged to the outside of the air cleaner case. The intake system for an internal combustion engine is provided in which air is sucked from a clean air chamber in the air cleaner case into a throttle body provided with a throttle valve through a funnel while defining an airflow passage. Concurrently, fuel is sprayed from an injector, thereby feeding the fuel-air mixture into an intake port. A bypass passage different from the airflow passage is provided between the clean air chamber in the air cleaner case and the throttle body. The bypass passage is so structured that a passage inlet thereof on the clean air chamber side opens at an inner wall surface of the air cleaner case.

Abstract: Thermal spray coatings are described herein. The coatings include at least one base material having a thickness. Within at least a portion of the thickness is a dispersion of solid lubricant particles. The thermal spray coatings may be applied to at least a portion of a component that has a mating surface with another component. The mating surface may cause the thermal spray coating to wear down and become thinner. As the coating becomes thinner, particles of solid lubricant entrapped deeper within in the base material become exposed and impart friction reducing properties to the component.

Abstract: A coating for a tribologically heavily loaded component, wherein the coating is in the form of a ceramic coating made of an organic-inorganic prepolymer which is pyrolyzed after being applied to the component.

Abstract: A piston with a cast bi-metallic dome feature and a method of making the piston. In one form, the piston is for use in a diesel engine, while in another, the piston is for use in a gasoline engine. The dome feature may include a laminate of a relatively high-temperature material (such as stainless steel) and a relatively low temperature material (such as aluminum or aluminum alloys) such that the portion of the dome made from the relatively high-temperature material is directly exposed to combustion within a cylinder into which the piston is placed. In another form, an aluminum coated stainless steel layer is used to form the dome. In one form, an ablation casting process may be used to manufacture the dome.

Abstract: A filter (10), particularly a spin-on filter, in particular for motor vehicles, industrial engines, notably an oil filter, fuel filter or coolant filter, comprising a filter housing (18), in which a filter element (30) is accommodated and which has an end face-side connecting end (16) comprising a cover (72), which connecting end can be sealingly connected to a connecting body (14) corresponding to the connecting end (16) by a plug and/or rotary movement (S, D), wherein the cover (72) has an opening (82) for a fluid connection between the connecting body (14) and the filter housing (18). At the connecting end (16) of the filter housing (18), a sealing region (72b) and a holding region (72a) are disposed, which run concentrically substantially axially to the plug direction (S) and are directed radially inward and which can interact with a radially outwardly directed holding region (110) of the connecting body (14) that runs substantially axially.

Abstract: An oil supply device for a crankcase of an internal combustion engine feeds oil from a reservoir to a main oil duct of the crankcase. A filter switching device allows a selection from a plurality of oil filter units in the flow path of the oil to be selectively connected into the oil flow path, to set a proportion of the oil filter units to active and a proportion of the oil filter units to passive. A switching unit switches between the active and passive states and opens up a pressurized oil flow path to the active oil filter unit(s) and also a drainage flow path between the passive oil filter unit(s) and a drainage duct. An evacuation device drains or evacuates oil from the drainage duct which has accumulated at the passive oil filter unit(s).

Abstract: A crank drive has a frame, which may be formed in particular by a housing, a rocker fixed on the frame, a crank that is fixed on the frame and which forms the drive output, and a coupler which connects the rocker and the crank. The coupler is articulately connected in each case to the crank and to an end, which is situated opposite the positionally fixed mounting, of the rocker. In order to drive the crank, a first cylinder is provided which has a movably mounted piston. The piston and the rocker are articulately connected to one another via a push rod such that the axial movement of the piston sets the rocker in an oscillating swinging motion. The rocker has a section that is remote from the fixed mounting of the rocker and which is inclined by a fixed angle towards the coupler.

Abstract: A thermal shield-diverter includes a first layer and a second layer. Each of the first and second layers is formed from a material resistant to thermal energy, and each is characterized by a surface having a width and a height. The shield-diverter also includes a third layer formed from a material substantially non-conductive of thermal energy. The third layer is characterized by a third width and a third height, and is disposed between the first layer and the second layer to define at least one passage extending along at least one of the first height and the second height. The at least one passage is configured to divert thermal energy along the respective first and second heights and expel the thermal energy from the shield-diverter when the shield-diverter is exposed to a heat source. An engine assembly employing such a shield-diverter is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electromagnetic fuel injection valve capable of reducing dynamic flow variation relative to the pulse widths of individual units in a lower pulse region than under idling conditions under which the dynamic flow is adjusted. Also disclosed is an internal combustion engine control device that utilizes the electromagnetic fuel injection valve. The electromagnetic fuel injection valve includes a fixed core, a coil disposed at the periphery of the fixed core, an anchor facing the lower end of the fixed core, a movable element with a valve seat formed on its lower end, and a regulator press-fit into a through-hole in the fixed core, the fixed core being a central shaft of the electromagnetic fuel injection valve.

Abstract: An injector includes a control valve for opening a connection between a control chamber for controlling a nozzle needle position and a prechamber of a fluid return line, wherein a pressure compensation device is arranged in the prechamber for compensating a change in a prechamber pressure.

Abstract: A multi-sensing fuel injection system for internal combustion engines. The system includes a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the internal combustion chamber. The fuel injector is electrically insulated from an engine body of the internal combustion engine by way of a first electrically insulated member. A second electrically insulated member is provided for fixedly disposing the fuel injector within the combustion chamber. The electrical insulation of the fuel injector, in conjunction with the integration of an ion sensing circuit including a resistor and a power source for supplying voltage to the fuel injector, allows for a full measurement of the ionization current.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for an internal combustion engine may include an injector body having a receiving hole for an injector needle. The receiving hole may be implemented as a blind hole and may form an injector ring chamber in the injector shaft and a cone-shaped valve seat at the base thereof, and a blind injector hole at the tip of the valve seat cone, from which at least one injector hole extends. The injector needle may include an at least partially cone-shaped needle tip and may seal off the blind injector hole, and thus the at least one injector hole, from the injector ring chamber. The needle tip may include a needle pilot adapted in contour and extent to the blind injector hole in the valve seat, the pilot protruding into the blind injector hole and thus reducing a compression volume formed between the valve seat and injector hole.

Abstract: A combustion engine has a fuel supply unit, an ignition unit and a controller controlling the amount of fuel and the ignition time. An adjustable throttle element controlling the amount of combustion air to the engine and an adjustable idling stop for the throttle element are provided. The controller includes a regulating unit regulating the rotational speed of the motor to a set-point rotational speed (nsoll) when idling. To adjust the idling stop, the regulating unit is switched off when idling. A diagnostic unit switches off the regulating unit. A method for adjusting a combustion engines provides that the regulating unit is switched off, the amount of fuel supplied is adjusted during idling and a rotational speed is evaluated, and that on the basis of the rotational speed value, it is determined how the idling stop is to be adjusted to reach a set-point rotational speed maximum (nsollmax).

Abstract: A method includes: retarding spark timing relative to a predetermined spark timing when an engine torque output reduction is requested for a gear shift; estimating a first torque output of an engine based on N cylinders of the engine being fueled, an engine speed, an air per cylinder (APC), and the predetermined spark timing; estimating a second torque output of the engine based on M cylinders being fueled, the engine speed, the APC, and the spark timing. determining an initial pressure ratio across a turbocharger compressor; determining an adjustment based on M and the first and second torque outputs; generating a desired pressure ratio across the turbocharger compressor based on the adjustment and the initial pressure ratio; and controlling opening of a turbocharger wastegate based on the desired pressure ratio. N is a total number of cylinders of the engine and M is less than or equal to N.

Abstract: In a method for operating a fuel system of an internal combustion engine, the fuel system has a fuel tank and a ventilation device for ventilating the fuel tank which has at least one ventilation valve. In a first operating mode the ventilation valve is adjusted for ventilating the fuel tank based exclusively on a temperature and/or the ventilation occurs over a defined period of time when the internal combustion engine is deactivated. The invention further relates to a fuel system of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A check valve body (44) is disposed within the interior of a main body (32) of a fuel injector (30) and contains a continuous sealing ridge for sealing a perimeter of a cavity (124) between the proximal end face of the check valve body and the distal end face of an intensifier cartridge body (46). A spring cage (42) has a proximal end face disposed within the interior of the main body. An entry check (154) is disposed in an entry through-passage (132), and an exit check (156) is disposed in an exit through-passage (130). A continuous sealing ridge seals a perimeter of an exit cavity (140), and a discontinuous sealing ridge seals a portion of a perimeter of an entry cavity (144). The sealing ridges are asymmetric about a longitudinal axis AX.

Abstract: A battery supplies power to a solenoid valve at a voltage and by a DC/DC boost converter at a boost voltage that is higher than the battery voltage. Operating parameters of the injector are stored that include at least peak high and peak low currents and peak phase duration. A pull-in phase up is performed to current into the solenoid valve when a value greater than the peak high current is reached. Current is monitored into the solenoid and switching on the battery voltage to the solenoid if the current into the solenoid is equal to or lower than, the peak low current, then monitoring the current into the solenoid and powering the solenoid at the boost voltage if the current into the solenoid is still lower than the peak low current. Otherwise powering the solenoid at the battery voltage and performing a hold phase.

Abstract: A desired pulse width module determines a desired length of a single pulse of fuel for a combustion cycle of a cylinder of an engine. A multiple pulses module determines a number of pulses (N) for the combustion cycle, wherein N is an integer greater than 1. A fraction determination module determines N fractional values for the N pulses, respectively. An injector control module generates individual lengths for the N pulses based on the N fractional values, respectively, and based on the desired length. A fuel actuator module opens a fuel injector that injects fuel into the cylinder during the combustion cycle in N pulses having the individual lengths, respectively.

Abstract: In a high pressure fuel supply pump for transmitting rotation of a cam to a reciprocating plunger via a tappet and a retainer, a diametric force acting on the plunger is reduced. The pump includes the retainer disposed on the plunger and a return spring exerting an urging force on the retainer in a direction of the tappet. A clearance between a plunger leading end and a tappet bottom surface opposed thereto is set to be greater than a clearance between a retainer bottom surface and the tappet bottom surface opposed thereto, and a clearance between a retainer inside diameter section and a plunger peripheral surface section opposed thereto is set to be greater than a clearance between a retainer outside diameter section and a tappet inner wall opposed thereto.

Abstract: This invention relates to an aerating device for a fuel system, and in particular, to an aerating device for a fuel system supplying fuel to an engine from a fuel tank. The invention includes, for example, a solenoid valve accessing a flow path to the fuel tank, and a control unit opening a closing the solenoid valve, such that opening of the solenoid valve permits fuel and air to flow back through the flow path to the fuel tank and naturally separate.

Abstract: A method of providing fugitive gases to an engine air supply. An air filter is positioned on the engine intake of said engine. The air filter creates a negative pressure in the engine intake downstream of the air filter. A source of fugitive gases pass to the engine intake and are collected by the negative pressure downstream of the air filter.

Abstract: A fuel system, in particular of a motor vehicle, includes a fuel tank and a ventilation device for ventilating the fuel tank, wherein the ventilation device has at least one separation device which has a temporary accumulator for liquid fuel and a fuel delivery device which is configured as jet pump for delivering fuel out of the temporary accumulator. In an operating medium line of the jet pump a pressure reducing element or a pressure adjustment element is provided.

Abstract: Thermal management systems and methods related to controlling temperature of internal combustion engines are provided. In one embodiment, a thermal management system includes an air intake structure defining an air intake passage therethrough coupled to a plurality of cylinders in an engine, a multi-stage cooling assembly, positioned in the air intake passage, including an air-to-coolant intercooler for cooling intake air and an air-to-air heat exchanger for cooling intake air, an air-to-coolant radiator fluidly coupled with the air-to-coolant intercooler of the multi-stage cooling assembly, a first fan operable to provide air flow to the multi-stage cooling assembly and the air-to-coolant radiator, and a second fan operable to provide air flow to the air-to-coolant radiator.

Abstract: A two-cycle engine having a structure in which the shaft center Ccy of the cylinder 3 is offset onto the exhaust port 32 side with respect to the rotational center Ccr of the crankshaft 4, and the offset amount S of the shaft center Ccy with respect to the rotational center Ccr is set greater than 1 mm and less than 6 mm. Furthermore, in this case, the center of gravity of the counterweight 42 of the crankshaft 4 is shifted onto the rear side in the rotational direction with respect to the line passing the rotational center Ccr of the crankshaft 4 and the center Ccp of the crank pin 41.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein is a device and method which illuminates the rear peep sight attached to a bow string used by an archer when aiming an arrow at a target. The device which illuminates the rear peep sight attached to the bow string used by an archer to aim an arrow is a LED light with a battery power supply and on on/off switch attached to the arrow trigger release mechanism affixed to the archer's wrist by straps. During low light conditions the archer can conveniently illuminate the aperture of the rear peep sight with the LED light powered by the battery to enable the archer to visualize the aperture of the rear peep sight and properly aim the arrow toward the target.

Abstract: A paintball system may include a marker and delivery system configured to deliver paintballs to the marker. The delivery system may include a conduit and a gas supply. The gas supply may be configured to provide gas flow to the conduit, which may propel paintballs in the conduit to the marker. The gas supply may be configured to dynamically alter the gas flow to the conduit. The delivery system may include a first seal sized and configured to form a seal with at least one of the paintballs in the conduit.

Abstract: An assembly for selectively exposing a firing chamber to a motive gas is provided by using a solenoid valve to expose selected portions of a tubular sliding valve to a lower pressure control gas. The tubular sliding valve includes a through passage for transfer of the projectile from a breech to the firing chamber. An on board controller can dictate actuation of the solenoid valve in accordance with a remaining pressure of the motive gas and user input.

Abstract: An interchangeable concrete cutting chain-saw cutting assembly (500) adapted for installation upon a drive assembly (112) in exchange for a removed, different type cutting head assembly. The chainsaw cutting assembly (500) includes a housing (703) that has fasteners that releasably attach the housing (703) to a drive assembly (112) in an installed configuration. A ratio transmission (525) has a plurality of interconnected rotatable members (533, 535), each rotatable member (533, 535) having a mounting shaft (641, 643) positioned at a fixed location on the housing (703) by a bearing assembly (640, 642). The driven member (533) has a receiver that interconnects with a driveshaft (372) of the drive assembly (112) in the installed configuration whereby the driven member (533) is rotated by the drive assembly (112). The cutting chain drive member (535) operatively interconnected with a drive sprocket (707) whereby rotation of the cutting chain drive member (535) rotates the drive sprocket (707).

Abstract: Mixing devices for mixing fuel and air for a premix burner or furnace and furnaces (e.g., premix) with mixing devices. Furnaces may be for heating an occupied space, and may produce lower NOx emissions. A mixing device may be located within an inlet tube, may have a surface that is perpendicular to the direction of fuel flow or that forms a circle, or may have two surfaces held at substantially opposite angles to induce swirl. A portion of the mixing device may extend over an orifice of the fuel injector. A mixing device may be attached to the fuel injector, may be made from a piece of sheet metal, and may have a hole for attachment to the fuel injector. Mixing devices may have a center, two arms, and two ends, which may be separated by bends. A burner plate may be sandwiched between surfaces to allow for expansion.

Abstract: Conveyor oven that uses three or more cooking zones to provide flexible baking solutions in a commercial kitchen environment. The flexibility of each zone is achieved by providing variable air velocities in the impingement jets in each zone. By increasing or decreasing the air velocity in the zone the operator can control the heat transfer rate to the food product in that zone without having to actually adjust the temperature of the oven. The airflow rate in the zones is controlled via the operator controller.