Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of processing pea protein compositions. The present invention particularly relates to a method for preparing a high solubility pea protein composition and a product prepared thereby. The method of the present invention includes a step of subjecting a pea protein composition to high pressure homogenization. The method of the present invention significantly improves the solubility of pea protein compositions. The present invention further provides a pea protein composition prepared by the method, the pea protein composition having better solubility.

Abstract: A pre-rendering system and method includes grinding limed cattle hide fleshings. The ground, limed cattle hide fleshings may then be de-limed using one or more acids or acidic solutions and then may be neutralized using one or more acids. Once the cattle hide fleshings have been de-limed and neutralized, they may be washed and then dried to prepare edible meat, such as for pet food or other animal feed, that may be rendered.

Abstract: An apparatus for and method of steam treatment of fodder, for example animal fodder which is typically in baled form. The purpose of steam treating is to kill mesophilic and thermophilic mould spores that are either attached to the fodder or detach when disturbed and become airborne. These airborne particles are associated with respiratory problems, infections and allergies to livestock as well as humans. The apparatus for steam treating fodder comprises at least one steam distribution manifold, which has a plurality of lances adapted to penetrate a bale of fodder so that steam is supplied to the interior volume of the fodder.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition for additives which can be employed in animal feeds, or as growth promoters, or as nutraceuticals, or as prebiotics, or as additives for the control and prophylaxis of pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract of animals or farmed animals. An immunomodulatory and promoter composition for controlling the population of undesirable bacteria of the intestinal microbiota, comprising the components indicated below: (a) Fructooligosaccharides (FOS); (b) Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS); (c) Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS); (d) 1,3 and 1,6 Beta-glucans.

Abstract: Method of producing a feedstuff for a dairy animal that potentiates milk production. The method includes a multi-stage process having one stage in which a feed grain for dairy animals is heat-treated for a period of time at a temperature above 90 degrees Celsius. The grain is processed for another period of time that includes disrupting the prolamin/protein bonds which produces a hydrophilic, vitreous feedstuff having a starch and protein matrix composed at least partially by prolamin. The feed grain is heat-treated for a first period of time, of which at least 200 seconds is maintained above 90 degrees Celsius, and thereafter the feed grain is processed in a second stage by applying sufficient processing to disrupt the prolamin/protein bonds and thereby producing a hydrophilic, vitreous, feedstuff comprising a starch and protein matrix composed of at least three percent prolamin.

Abstract: An aquatic organism growth promotor, containing, as an effective ingredient, a low molecular weight lignin having a molecular weight peak in a molecular weight range of 4,000 to 9,500 and/or a high molecular weight lignin having a molecular weight peak in a molecular weight range of 10,000 to 40,000, wherein the molecular weight peak is measured at a wavelength of 254 nm by GPC molecular weight analysis using an UV detector.

Abstract: Pasteurization systems, devices and methods are generally described that use synchronized peak electric and magnetic fields. Example pasteurization systems may include a first resonant circuit that includes a first capacitive element coupled to a first inductive element, a second resonant circuit that includes a second capacitive element coupled to a second inductive element. The first inductive element and the second capacitive element may be positioned about the first treatment region, and the second inductive element and the first capacitive element may be positioned about the second treatment region. A controller coupled to the first and second resonant circuits may provide a first signal to the first resonant circuit and a second signal to the second resonant circuit, phase shifted by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A novel method for freeze-related separations, involving the combination of water with a selected concentration of biogenic ice nucleation proteins, freezing the combination, and separating the ice, potentially via centrifugation or sublimation. In some instances, the freezing conditions and the concentration of the at least one biogenic ice nucleation protein are selected such that the aqueous solution, upon freezing, forms a lamellar ice crystal structure having at least one property selected from the group consisting of a solute inclusion volume at least 30% smaller than in the first material alone, a hydraulic diameter at least 30% larger than in the first material alone, an inclusion width that is less than 10% of a crystal dimension, a hydraulic diameter that is less more than 1.

Abstract: The dehydrator minimizes energy use by using a dual-inlet heater fan in cooperation with first and second temperature sensors to measure temperature of the recycled air flowing within the enclosure, while both the ambient and recycled air flow through separate first and second inlets into the fan. Depending upon temperature differences, a controller can change fan heat output and air flow rates through the fan. The dehydrator minimizes space by having a collapsible enclosure embodiment that utilizes folding walls secured to pivoting front and back walls to form both a collapsed configuration and also a fully assembled configuration.

Abstract: A process for producing a dried product, optionally in the form of a flake, the process comprising (a) combining an active ingredient with a carrier, and an optional stabilizer, to create a wet mixture, wherein the active ingredient and carrier are in a ratio of about 1:1 to about 1:250 in the wet mixture; (b) spreading the wet mixture on a belt of a thin film belt dryer with a belt temperature in the range of about 60 ° C.-92 ° C.; and (c) drying the mixture to produce a dried product with less than about 7% moisture, optionally about 2-5% moisture, and a water activity of about 0.15 and about 0.65; as well as a dried product that can be produced by the method, and related methods and compositions.

Abstract: A beverage containing a natural colorant and one or more components of an Indian gooseberry extract and having sufficient color photostability is described. The active component in the Indian gooseberry extract is at least one of tannic acid, chebulinic acid, chebulagic acid, and phyllemblin. The natural colorant is a carotenoid and/or an anthocyanin. When the natural colorant is beta-carotene, it is preferably provided in a form of microemulsion. The beverage further contains a preservative, such as benzoic acid, sorbic acid, and a salt thereof. A method of formulating the beverage is also described.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods and compositions to add natural color and nutrients to food and beverage products, using the seed pulp (aril) of Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng (Gac, redmelon, gacmelon). The fruit contains high concentrations of carotenoids and antioxidants. Other nutrients are vitamin C, vitamin E and essential fatty acids. Due to high concentrations of carotenoids, the aril has an intense color, ranging from deep orange to red depending on dosage. The novelty of this invention is simultaneously enhancing color and nutrient values to food and beverage products without changing original flavor. This invention makes food and beverage products safer and more nutritious to consumers by replacing artificial colorant and adding carotenoids and antioxidants.

Abstract: A system for popping popcorn includes a housing, a container positioned in the housing, a cooking vessel removably supported in the housing and containing unpopped popcorn kernels, wherein the cooking vessel comprises a ferromagnetic material, a coil that creates an oscillating magnetic field that interacts with the ferromagnetic material of the cooking vessel and generates an amount of heat in the cooking vessel, and a separate receiving vessel for receiving popped popcorn positioned adjacent the cooking vessel, wherein the receiving vessel is configured to move relative the cooking vessel.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a production method of normal-temperature instant cooked rice and belongs to the technical field of food processing. The method of the present disclosure comprises the main steps of rice washing and soaking, flavor blending, sub-packaging, cooking, sterile vacuum sealing, cooling and crystallization and normal-temperature storage, wherein an aqueous solution containing flavor substances is adopted to perform flavor blending, and a fast cooling mode is adopted to perform cooling and crystallization. The normal-temperature instant cooked rice obtained through the production method provided in the present disclosure can keep the original flavor after being stored for 90 days.

Abstract: An all-natural hot dog including cultured celery juice powder, cherry powder, dried distilled vinegar, and natural liquid smoke and containing no nitrates or nitrites except for those naturally occurring in sea salt and cultured celery juice powder, where the hot dog has substantially equivalent or superior properties to a hot dog containing chemical additives.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for manufacturing a grilled seaweed. The apparatus includes a grilling unit having a first housing with a first inlet opening and a first outlet opening which communicate with each other; a first conveyor for transferring a sheet of seaweed from the first inlet opening to the first outlet opening; a first heating source installed over the first conveyor to discharge a flame onto a top surface of the seaweed being transferred by the first conveyor; and a second heating source installed on both sides of a lower portion of the first conveyor to apply a flame onto a bottom surface of the seaweed being transferred by the first conveyor.

Abstract: A method of producing Aluminum Nitride comprising milling nuts into a powder, milling a powder of nanocrystalline Al2O3, mixing, pressing into a pellet, providing nitrogen, heating, and forming AlN. An Aluminum Nitride product from preparing powders of nuts and Al2O3, mixing, and forming a powder, pressurizing into a disk, pyrolizing in nitrogen, and forming AlN in a pure form and in the wurtzite phase. An Aluminum Nitride (AlN) from preparing powders of agricultural nuts, preparing powders of nanocrystalline Al2O3, mixing the powders and thereby forming a homogenous sample powder of agricultural nuts and Al2O3, pressurizing the homogenous sample powder into a disk, heat treating or pyrolizing the disk in a nitrogen atmosphere, reacting the disk and the nitrogen atmosphere and forming AlN, and wherein the AlN is nano-structured AlN and in a pure form and in the wurtzite phase of AlN.

Abstract: A seasoning blend is provided that includes ingredients derived from any combination of a fruit, vegetable and herb/spice. The ingredients themselves or the food source from which the ingredients are derived may further be of the same or complementary color. A method for providing cooking instructions that refer to the seasoning blends by the color of the seasoning blend is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid formulation comprising a carotenoid producing source bioorganism, which is storage stable, as well as the process of production of this formulation.

Abstract: Nutritional supplements comprising individual quantities of turmeric, Peganum harmala, and Arum palaestinum are provided, which promote several aspects of human health. Advantageously, the turmeric is present in an amount greater than that of Peganum harmala or Arum palaestinum, and the supplements may contain additional beneficial ingredients, such as ?-sitosterol, vanillin, garlic, and Vitamin C.

Abstract: The invention encompasses compositions and methods for effectively treating and/or preventing the development and/or progression of osteoporosis and related disorders such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and for promoting overall bone and joint health. This is accomplished by addressing multiple key mechanisms that lead to such disorders. The invention includes compositions comprising a combination of agents having biological activities that effectively suppress, regulate or interfere with the various key biochemical processes and mechanisms that increase the risk for development and/or progression of osteoporosis. The present compositions and methods simultaneously promote bone formation and reduce bone resorption by (a) stimulating osteoblast formation and osteogenesis; (b) suppressing adipocyte differentiation; (c) inhibiting osteoclast formation; and (d) increasing apoptosis of osteoclasts.

Abstract: A weight loss system is presented herein. In one embodiment, the weight loss system that accelerates weight loss in a subject eating a caloric restricted diet with a minimum daily protein intake of about 3 oz. and engaging in daily physical activity equivalent to about 5,000 steps per day is presented. The weight loss system can comprise an effective amount of: an antimicrobial component that includes berberine, cinnamon and curcumin; fish oil; a probiotic component that includes Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Streptococcus spp.; an antioxidant, phytochemical component that includes apple extract, grape extract, green tea extract, and olive extract; and a vitamin component that includes vitamins A, B, C, D, and E. The weight loss system can stimulate a weight loss of at least 3% more than if not administered to the subject. Further presented herein is a method of facilitating weight loss in a subject and a method of improving the health of a subject participating in a weight loss program.

Abstract: An infant formula comprising protein, carbohydrate and fat, wherein the major source of protein is potato protein.

Abstract: One variation of a method for dispensing toppings onto topping vehicles includes: indexing a first topping vehicle to a first position adjacent a first topping module, the first topping module including a first hopper containing a first topping of a first topping type; indexing a second topping vehicle to a second position adjacent a second topping module including a second hopper containing a second topping of a second topping type; retracting a first blade of the first topping module; advancing the first blade through the first topping; retracting a first retaining plate to dispense a topping slice from the first topping onto the first topping vehicle according to a first topping order for the first topping vehicle specifying the first topping type, the first retaining plate offset from the first blade opposite the first hopper; advancing the first retaining plate; and indexing the first topping vehicle to the second position.

Abstract: Nicotine ion pair formulations neutralized with CO2 are disclosed herein. The nicotine ion pair formulations have the general formula C10H14N2H+CO2Sol?, wherein C10H14N2 is nicotine and Sol is a solvent. A process of preparing the nicotine ion pair formulations neutralized with CO2. is also disclosed herein. An e-liquid comprising a nicotine ion pair formulation neutralized with CO2 and the use of the e-liquid in a vaporization device are further disclosed herein. Finally, a vaporization device charged with an e-liquid comprising a nicotine ion pair formulation neutralized with CO2 is disclosed herein.

Abstract: A breakable capsule such as a seamless breakable capsule useful in a smoking article or a smokeless tobacco product includes an outer shell formed of a cross-linked agar matrix including at least one filler, and an inner core surrounded by the outer shell which comprises a liquid or gel based composition of a flavorant and/or non-flavorant. The cross-linked agar matrix is reinforced with carboxymethyl cellulose that is dispersed throughout the agar matrix so as to fill empty spaces in the agar matrix and inhibit the composition from passing through the empty spaces of the agar matrix.

Abstract: A method of forming a wrapped article, comprising the steps of: forming a continuous stream of material such as an agricultural product; moving the continuous stream of material along an elongated path; compressing the continuous stream of material to reduce the cross-sectional area thereof until a predetermined cross-sectional dimension is achieved; drawing the compressed continuous stream of material through a rod-forming arrangement, the rod-forming arrangement having a non-contact displacement transducer associated therewith; folding at least one web longitudinally around the compressed continuous stream of material to form a continuous rod of material; and detecting variations in rod density within the rod-forming arrangement from a signal obtained from the non-contact displacement transducer.

Abstract: An example embodiment includes a tongue includes a forming surface of a forming channel, the forming channel configured to enable the shaping of shredded material into a desired form as a shredded material is drawn through the forming channel and an arrangement to introduce at least a portion of a web component adjacent a portion of the forming surface such that the introduced web component portion may be operative upon the drawn shredded material as a source of additional drawing action. The tongue may include an arrangement to draw a moving web into the tongue through a channel that converges with the working surface of the tongue, whereby the moving web is interposable between a moving column of shredded material and the first surface portion of the working surface to reduce friction. The tongue may further comprise an arrangement comprising a scalloped surface portion along the working surface of the tongue.

Abstract: A spacing drum comprising: a segment receiving drum section capable of receiving a predetermined number of segments per revolution of the drum from a procession of segments approaching the segment receiving drum section at a segment-feed spacing and a segment-feed speed; a segment releasing drum section capable of releasing the predetermined number of segments at a segment-release spacing and a segment-release speed; and a radial profile flight comprising a continuous arc segment extending across at least portions of the segment receiving drum section and the segment releasing drum section. Associated methods are also provided, including method of changing pitch along a spacing drum progressively with a radial profile flight.

Abstract: Apparatus (1, 1?, 1?, 1??, 1??) for identification of physical parameters of rod-like articles (2) of the tobacco industry provided with a first store (3, 3?, 31) of rod-like articles (2); a second store (5, 5?, 33, 39, 40) of rod-like articles (2), and a transferring mechanism (10) arranged for axial transferring of a single layer group of rod-like articles (2) from the first store (3, 3?, 31) of rod-like articles (2) to the second store (5, 5?, 33, 39, 40) of rod-like articles (2), characterised in that in the area between the first store (3, 3?, 31) of rod-like articles (2) and the second store (5, 5?, 33, 39, 40) of rod-like articles (2) there are situated a radiation source (17) and a radiation sensor (18) for receiving radiation (R) positioned transversely to the direction of transferring, whereas the beam of the radiation (R) from the radiation source (17) reaches the radiation sensor (18) after penetrating through the rod-like articles being transferred (2), the radiation sensor (18) is arranged to pr

Abstract: A smoking article is provided, having opposed lighting and mouth ends, and including a mouth end portion at the mouth end. A tobacco portion is between the lighting end and the mouth end portion. An aerosol-generation system is between the lighting end and the tobacco portion. The aerosol-generation system includes a heat generation portion, comprising an elongate fluted member actuated by ignition of the lighting end. The fluted member defines grooves extending longitudinally between opposed first and second ends, with the first end being at the lighting end and the grooves being equidistantly spaced apart about the fluted member. Each groove has a maximum depth. The depth maxima of the grooves define a circle having a radius. The maximum depth of each groove is no more than the radius of the circle. A heat generation apparatus for an aerosol-generation system of a smoking article is also provided.

Abstract: A vaporizing device is provided for a vapor smoking device, includes a removable cartridge defining an internal cavity, and is configured to be disposed on the vapor smoking device. A plurality of porous granules is disposed within the internal cavity. The porous granules have a vaporizing liquid absorbed therein.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for heat management of heating implements for a water pipe.

Abstract: A container adapted for storing a product includes a body having a bottom wall and a side wall. The bottom wall and the side wall define an internal storage compartment adapted for storage of a product. The side wall has an outer peripheral surface. A cover is configured to be removably engaged with the body. The cover includes a top wall and a peripheral flange having an inner surface. The inner surface is configured to interact with the base when the cover is received over the outer peripheral surface of the side wall so as to form an interface. A label is configured to substantially cover the interface, wherein the label includes a tear thread positioned between an outer surface of the container and a rear surface of the label and located substantially at the interface of the cover and the body.

Abstract: There is provided an electrically operated smoking device configured to receive a smoking article, the device including a housing defining a cavity configured to at least partially receive the smoking article; and a sensing system configured to detect indicia on the smoking article, the sensing system being disposed on a periphery of the cavity and including a light source, an image detector, and a plurality of microlenses disposed on the image detector.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating system is provided, including an aerosol-generating article including an aerosol-generating substrate, a first electrode, and a dielectric material including a porous substrate material and a liquid sorbed into the porous substrate material; and an aerosol-generating device including a power supply; at least one heater; a cavity to receive the article; a first electrical contact contacting the first electrode when the article is received within the cavity; a controller; and a second electrode, such that when the article is received, the dielectric is disposed between the first and second electrodes to form a capacitor, the controller being configured to control a supply of power from the power supply to the heater for heating the aerosol-generating substrate and the dielectric, and to the capacitor, and to measure a capacitance of the capacitor and to terminate the supply of power to the heater when a measured capacitance exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating device is provided, including a power supply; at least one heater; a cavity configured to receive an aerosol-generating article; a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode such that at least a portion of the article is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode when the article is received within the cavity; and a controller configured to control a supply of power from the power supply to the heater for heating the article when the article is received within the cavity, the controller being further configured to measure an electrical load between the first and second electrodes when the article is received within the cavity, and the controller being further configured to terminate the supply of power to the at least one heater when the measured electrical load exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides aerosol generating substrates and aerosol source members comprising aerosol generating substrates, as well as methods of manufacturing thereof. In an example implementation, an aerosol generating substrate may comprise a fibrous filler material, an aerosol forming material, and a plurality of heat conducting constituents, wherein the substrate is formed as a sheet, and wherein the heat conducting constituents are part of the sheet. The heat conducting constituents may be incorporated within the sheet, or may be formed on a surface of the sheet. In another example implementation, an aerosol source member may comprise a substrate portion formed of a collection of intermingled pieces cut from an aerosol substrate sheet. In addition, or alternatively, a substrate portion may be formed of a series of overlapping layers of an aerosol substrate sheet.

Abstract: Devices, cartridges, and method are described herein for emulating smoking wherein a device generates an aerosol for inhalation by a subject by heating a viscous material that can have a tactile response in the mouth or respiratory tract, while reducing Hoffman analytes and mutagenic compounds delivered to the user as compared to a common tobacco cigarette.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods, devices, systems, and computer readable medium for delivering one or more compounds to a subject. Also described herein are methods, devices, systems, and computer readable medium for transitioning a smoker to an electronic nicotine delivery device and for smoking or nicotine urge relief.

Abstract: A baking type heating assembly includes a first conductive heating member, and a second conductive heating member connected to the first conductive heating member. The second conductive heating member has a cavity for accommodating the tobacco material. The first conductive heating member has an intake passage therein, one end of the intake passage is in communication with the cavity, the opposite end of the intake passage is in communication with the outside air. The baking type heating assembly is directly provided with an intake passage cooperating with the cavity of the second conductive heating member. Both the intake passage and the cavity heat the outside air entering the baking type heating assembly, which can provide a high heat transfer efficiency and a good heating effect.

Abstract: A vaporizer device includes a resistive heating element; circuitry configured to control delivery of electrical power to the resistive heating element from a power source; and a controller configured to perform operations including: receiving inputs representative of a power delivery to the resistive heating element, a temperature of the resistive heating element, and/or a flow rate of air past the resistive heating element; predicting, using the received inputs, an amount of evaporation of the vaporizable material at the resistive heating element; and controlling the power delivery to the resistive heating element in response to the predicted amount of evaporation of the vaporizable material, the controlling including increasing or decreasing an instantaneous power delivery to the heating element such that a target aerosol yield is produced. Related devices, systems, methods, and articles are also described.

Abstract: A battery stick for the oval-shaped electronic cigarette comprises a rod shaped housing, and a battery, a control circuit board, and a power button which are accommodated in the housing, wherein an engagement portion for fixed connection with a vaporizer is arranged on an inner wall of the housing proximal to the open end, a mounting frame fitted inside the housing comprises a battery section and a circuit section arranged at one side of the control circuit board with a frame side plate having a same curvature as the inner wall of the housing, an outer border of the mounting frame is arranged with electrodes; the power button is arranged on the power switch of the control circuit board and is received in the first button hole of the housing; and a wedge part is arranged between the inner wall of the housing and the frame side plate.

Abstract: An inhalation device includes a light source that emits light, a light sensor that senses an intensity of the light emitted from the light source and a processor or circuit configured to perform a metering process. The metering process may include when a signal indicating that a puff has been detected by the puff detecting element: extracting a predetermined known flow rate that is stored in the memory in advance, determining an amount of vaporized substance that have been produced, and accumulating the determined amount of vaporized substance that has been produced in the memory as a total amount produced. The metering method may also include when the accumulated total amount produced reaches a predetermined threshold: (i) shut off the heating element or (ii) send a signal to an indicator that the predetermined threshold amount of the vaporized substance has been consumed.

Abstract: An aerosol delivery device is provided that includes a housing, heating element, communication interface and microprocessor. The heating element may to activate and vaporize components of an aerosol precursor composition in response to a flow of air through at least a portion of the housing, with the air being combinable with a thereby formed vapor to form an aerosol. The communication interface may effect a wireless, proximity-based communication link with a computing device. And the microprocessor may be coupled to the communication interface, may control at least one functional element of the aerosol delivery device based on a state of the proximity-based communication link, or in response to a trigger signal received from the computing device over the proximity-based communication link.

Abstract: A cartridge of an e-vaping device includes a housing extending in a longitudinal direction, a reservoir in the housing, a heater in the housing, and an absorbent material at least partially surrounding the sinusoidal shaped member. The reservoir is configured to store a pre-vapor formulation. The heater has a sinusoidal shaped member translating about an elliptical shape to define a channel there through. The absorbent material is in fluid communication with the reservoir.

Abstract: An electrically heated aerosol-generating system for receiving an aerosol-forming substrate includes a heating element including a first electrically conductive element electrically insulated from a second electrically conductive element by an electrically insulating portion. The first and second elements are elongate and are electrically connected to each other by an electrically resistive portion. At least one electrically conductive element and the electrically resistive portion are arranged such that they are at least partially in contact with the aerosol-forming substrate.

Abstract: An atomizer includes a storage member and a cigarette holder. An inductive chamber and an airflow passage are positioned in the storage member. An air suction port is defined on the cigarette holder. The cigarette holder is movably sleeved on an end of the storage member. The cigarette holder can be in a locked state or in an unlocked state with respect to the storage member by moving the cigarette holder. When the cigarette holder is in the locked state, at least one of the inductive chamber and the airflow passage is closed by the cigarette holder. When the cigarette holder is in the unlocked state, the air suction port communicates with both the inductive chamber and the airflow passage.

Abstract: A woman's undergarment includes a pair of cups, a center cover piece, a front panel, a stretchable tape, a back panel, and shoulder straps. One embodiment of the undergarment prevents cups from slipping upward and allows a wearer's breasts to be pushed toward the sternum and then lifted so as to create natural and beautiful cleavage lines in the decollate area without deforming the breasts.

Abstract: A breastfeeding garment and method of use is provided. The breastfeeding garment includes a first front flap and a second front flap positioned over the breasts of a user, and a back panel, all of which are joined at two side seams. The first and second front flaps may be moved away from each other vertically to form an aperture through the breastfeeding garment. The first and second front flaps are composed of an elastic material, so a breastfeeding funnel may be placed onto the breast of a user through the aperture and then induced to remain in contact with the breast through the elastic force generated by the breastfeeding garment.