Abstract: A material relocation device for relocation of materials includes a relocation base for the relocation of materials, and a material relocation structure connected to the relocation base for the relocation of materials towards and away from a user. The relocation structure includes a turning flap structure to be turned according to a movement direction of material relocation. The material relocation device can turn the flap structure and a counter-structure for setting the flap structure to a desired position thereof, in such a way that in a first movement direction the flap structure turns and allows the materials onto the relocation base. In a second relocation direction the flap structure closes and holds the materials on the relocation base, and when switching from the second relocation direction to the first movement direction the materials are released from the relocation base.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to a garden implement that includes a handle, at least one tool member having a pair of flanges extending therefrom, each flange includes a flange bore and a pinion segment that share a common center, the pair of flanges have opposing parallel surfaces that each include the pinion segment, the opposing parallel flange surfaces are spaced apart by a first distance. Also included is at least a first fixing member coupled between the pair of flanges and the handle. The first fixing member includes a boss projecting along a longitudinal axis, the boss has parallel surfaces spaced apart by the first distance, a boss bore, and a curved rack segment projecting from the boss and configured to mesh with at least a portion of the pinion segment. Also included is a fixing shaft insertably received in at least one flange bore and the boss bore.

Abstract: A towed or semi-mounted agricultural machine having a chassis on which an axle device connecting two wheels to the chassis is mounted, this axle device being provided with at least one movable part and one fixed part in such a way that the spacing between the wheels can be modified, at least one of the wheels being integral with a movable part that is connected slidingly along a longitudinal axis to the fixed part, which is integral with the chassis. Each movable part is additionally connected mechanically to the chassis by a respective articulated link, which is articulated on the one hand with the movable part by a first articulation and on the other hand with the chassis by a second articulation.

Abstract: The invention relates to an automatic walking garden trimmer, which includes a power locomotive and a trimming device, the power locomotive is rotatably connected with a turntable support which is driven by the power device to rotate horizontally; a lower supporting arm and a base cylinder for driving the lower supporting arm to swing are hinged to the turntable support; at least two overhanging arms and an extension cylinder for driving the overhanging arms to swing and adjusting an overhanging distance are hinged to an end of the lower supporting arm, and a sphere is connected to the connecting seat; two groups of trimming devices are arranged on side surfaces of the sphere, the trimming device includes a spiral device and a trimming ring, the spiral device includes a spiral bracket on which a sleeve is disposed on. A rotary blade of the trimming device can be replaced.

Abstract: An apparatus for autonomously operating a vehicle within a safe work area includes a processor unit comprising an interface. The processor unit is configured to access a position of a vehicle determined by a module for position determination through a global localization via the interface, access an environmental detection of the vehicle generated by a sensor unit via of the interface, and control the vehicle based on the position of the vehicle determined by the module and further based on the environmental detection of the vehicle generated by the sensor unit.

Abstract: A method for automatically turning an agricultural machinery to follow a set route in a defined work area when carrying out a farming procedure in a field controls the machine to decelerate and change direction when a turn round command is received. The work area includes at least two work channels, the agricultural machinery reaching the straight-line end of one work channel is turned to enter the next work channels. The agricultural machine is slowed down to a speed set for safe turning, any working equipment is retracted, and the agricultural machinery is turned round into new work channel. The working equipment is released again, and the agricultural machine continues its farming procedure along the new work channel. A system for such automatic turning and applications are also disclosed.

Abstract: An autonomous vehicle platform system and method configured to perform various in-season management tasks, including selectively applying fertilizer, mapping growth zones and seeding cover crop within an agricultural field, while self-navigating between rows of planted crops and beneath the canopy of the planted crops on the uneven terrain of an agricultural field, allowing for an ideal in-season application of fertilizer to occur once the planted crop is well established and growing rapidly, in an effort to limit the loss of fertilizer.

Abstract: Crop input application systems, methods and apparatus are provided. In some examples, a blade is disposed to remove soil from a trench sidewall and deposit soil on top of a seed in the trench.

Abstract: A material introduction lock for a distribution machine for pneumatically conveying granular material in a conveying line adjoining a material introduction lock includes: an air inlet, a material conveying element, and a material infeed element, where a pneumatic conveying flow is supplied to the material conveying element via the air inlet, and the material infeed element is arranged between the material conveying element and the conveying line so that the granular material in the conveying line supplied via the material infeed element is conveyed in the conveying line by the pneumatic conveying flow supplied by the material conveying element. Further, the material infeed element includes a rinsing nozzle clement which is connected to the air inlet and creates a film of air that sheathes the material infeed element from the inside, and the rinsing nozzle element is configured to reduce contact between the granular material and the material infeed element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for dispensing a particulate material in a target area and a device suitable for use in the method. The method comprise (i) providing a reservoir comprising openings for the particulate material, (ii) providing a number of closing means suitable for at least partially closing the openings of the reservoir (iii) providing a number of screens in the void of the reservoir, said screens being movable, through the void of the reservoir between at least a first and a second position (iv) loading particulate material in the reservoir, (v) moving the reservoir loaded with particulate material over the target area and at least partially opening the number of openings while alternatingly moving the screens between a first and a second position and vice versa.

Abstract: A system for dispensing low rate agricultural products, includes a syringe-based agricultural product metering system, at least one agricultural product tube, and an agricultural product metering system. The agricultural product metering system is operably connected to a source of low rate agricultural products. The agricultural product tube is operatively connected to the agricultural product metering system. The agricultural product metering system is configured to dispense liquid low rate agricultural products at a low rate defined as below 3.7 fluid ounces per 1000 row feet.

Abstract: The disclosure provided herein is directed to a hand rakepan having a handle, a head, and plurality of tines. The handle, in some aspects, is ergonomically provided to accommodate a variety of grips during use that facilitate manipulation of the hand rakepan as a hand tool using only a single hand. Likewise, in certain aspects, the head of hand rakepan has one or more grooves and notches to provide various grip's to be used during one-handed manipulation of the hand rakepan during raking, collecting, and transporting.

Abstract: A mower blade bracket apparatus for safely changing mower blades includes a bracket body comprising a first half adjustably coupled to a second half to adjust for a distance between a first distal end and a second distal end. The first distal end and the second distal end have a first mounting aperture and a second mounting aperture extending therethrough, respectively. A pair of mounting bolts is coupled to the bracket body. The pair of mounting bolts is engaged with the first mounting aperture and the second mounting aperture to selectively engage a skirt of a lawn mower. A blade sleeve is coupled to the bracket body. The blade sleeve slidingly receives a blade of the lawn mower.

Abstract: A system, for cutting a plurality of lawns, including: A) two or more robotic lawn mowers which each has a rechargeable energy storage, and B) a carrier, which includes: a) at least two holders, each of which is capable of retaining one of the two or more robotic lawn mowers and b) a charging system for the rechargeable energy storage. Also provided is the carrier as such and a method in which the system and the carrier can be used. The mowers are typically battery powered.

Abstract: A lawn mower may include a blade housing configured to house at least a first blade and a second blade, a shaft disposed to rotate within the blade housing, a powerhead configured to selectively turn the shaft responsive to application of power from a power source, and a blade coupler configured to selectively couple the first blade and/or the second blade to the shaft to produce different cutting performance conditions based on which of the first blade and/or the second blade is operably coupled to the shaft.

Abstract: A lawn mower includes a blade housing and a height adjusting mechanism for adjusting a height of the blade housing with respect to the associated ground. The height adjusting mechanism includes rear wheel support members for supporting rear drive wheels. Each rear drive wheel includes a cover having an exterior cover part and an interior cover part. The interior cover part is directly connected to one of the support members without the use of separate associated mechanical fasteners.

Abstract: A lawn mower includes a cutting deck with first and second cutting blades to form clippings beneath the cutting deck and a baffle system to direct the clipping through a discharge opening. The baffle system includes a baffle wall that at least partially surrounds the first and second cutting blades to define first and second cutting chambers. The baffle wall includes a front baffle wall portion having a front guide surface to guide the clippings from the first and second cutting chambers towards the discharge opening, and a rear baffle wall portion having a concave guide surface and an end positioned between the first cutting chamber and the discharge opening. A discharge transition area is positioned between the first cutting chamber and the discharge opening.

Abstract: A harvesting header includes a header frame structured to be coupled to the crop-harvesting machine, a hydraulic pump carried by the header frame, at least one tool carried by the header frame, a hydraulic fluid loop carried by the header frame, a fluid inlet structured to receive hydraulic fluid from the crop-harvesting machine, and a fluid outlet structured to deliver hydraulic fluid to the crop-harvesting machine. The hydraulic fluid loop is structured to circulate hydraulic fluid within the header from the hydraulic pump to the tool(s) and back to the hydraulic pump. Related methods of operating a harvesting header and a non-transitory computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A harvesting machine includes a header configured to gather harvested material into the harvesting machine during a harvesting operation, a conveyance subsystem configured to convey the harvested material from the harvesting machine to a receiving vehicle during the harvesting operation, an image capture system comprising at least one optical sensor, and a control system configured to determine a position of the receiving vehicle relative to the harvesting machine, determine an image magnification factor based on the determined position, and display, on a display device, an image of a portion of the receiving vehicle based on the image magnification factor.

Abstract: A method to adjust an opening between a plurality of shakers of a machine formed as a fruit harvester, starting with aligning and centralizing the machine with a crop row to be harvested, includes the steps of: identifying and defining a configuration of a plurality of trees to be harvested; measuring a width of the plurality of trees to be harvested; setting a value for a desired damage level; calculating an opening factor based on the desired damage level defined in the step of setting; determining a distance “X” from the opening between the plurality of shakers, based on a value obtained for the opening factor in relation to the width of the plurality of trees to be harvested; and adjusting the opening between the plurality of shakers according to the distance “X” determined in the step of determining.

Abstract: A transaxle with a brake of the present invention includes the braking device comprising a plurality of brake discs, fixing plates, and a brake operating member, wherein the brake discs have an inner gear tooth portion that can be fitted to an outer gear tooth portion of an output gear of the motor shaft so as not to rotate relative to the outer gear tooth portion and is slidably fixed in the axial direction of the motor shaft, wherein the fixing plates are fixed to the transaxle casing so as not to rotate relative to each other and are slidably fixed in the axial direction of the motor shaft, and wherein the brake operating member provides a predetermined gap between the fixing plates and the brake discs when the brake discs are not pressed.

Abstract: A vehicle supported implement for handling separate loads independently, and related methods of use, are presented. The implement is configured to move a load, such as a hay bale, rotating the load radially about an axis, from a first position at a first elevation to a second position at a second elevation. It includes a first frame member and a second frame member pivotally connected to the first frame member at a joint. The axis of rotation intersects the joint normal to the back side of the first frame member and the second frame member rotates radially about the axis of rotation between the first position and the second position. The implement includes an actuator, such as a hydraulic cylinder, connected to the frame members to control the rotation. The implement includes an attachment feature on the back side to secure it to a vehicle.

Abstract: A bin slide assembly controls the amount of particulate material that is transferred from an agricultural bin, such as a feed bin, to a feed line for delivery for some end use. To allow the control to be automated or otherwise electronically operated, electronic motors can operate one or more slides that selectively block an outlet of the feed bin. The electronic control provides for a more precise operation of the bin slide to control the amount of material. In addition, the use of the electric motor provides a more convenient and easier to operate system. The slides are connected to screws, such as acme screws, which are activated by operation of the electric motor to rotate the screw, which translates the slide between open and closed configurations.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for monitoring plants. A QR code can be associated with a plant, wherein a static QR code can be associated with a plant. The static QR code can be dynamically scanned and encoded with data that identifies the plant and contains information about the plant. The information may include geolocation information and/or image files that monitor the developmental stages of the plant. The encoded data may then be transmitted over a network to retrievable storage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation through artificial light, and particularly provides a light environment method for plant cultivation through full-artificial light to provide a full-artificial light source for plant growth. The light source includes a light wave with a waveband of 620 nm to 760 nm, and the number of photons of the light wave of 620 nm to 760 nm accounts for 64% to 76% of the total number of photons of the light source. Compared with traditional light sources, such as existing fluorescent lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps, the present invention adopting a mode of light source proportion and light source combination can greatly improve the yield of the plant.

Abstract: An optical system for facilitating plant growth can include one or more light sources operable to produce a light density distribution having a central portion and a peripheral portion. The light density distribution having a central portion has a lower light density than the peripheral portion, thereby producing a substantially non-uniform light density distribution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling a condition of a plant.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes foldable forms that are foldable between a first planar state and a second non-planar state. The form can include at least two sectors, each comprising first and second sub-sectors that each comprise a set of cuts. The set of cuts can include first through fourth cuts, where a portion of the form between the first cut, second cut, third cut, a theoretical line connecting the second and third cuts, and the edge forms a flap. The form can be folded, with the flaps received through the fourth cuts to make a container. The container can be usable as a planter.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method for modulating a condition of a biological cell.

Abstract: A plant light supplementing lamp is provided. The plant light supplementing lamp includes an electronic ballast, a mounting bracket, a lamp support, lamp holders and a lamp shade; a number of the lamp holders is two, the lamp holders are respectively located at a top and a bottom of the lamp support, limiting plates are provided on a front side of a top of the electronic ballast, an adapter is clamped on an inner side of the limiting plate, sliding grooves are provided in left and right side surfaces of the adapter, and fixing grooves are provided in corners of the left and right side surfaces of the adapter.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new landscape edging system in which multiple adjacent edging sections are interconnectable prior to inserting stakes. An edging section is provided. A first transition extends from one end and a second transition extends from the opposite end. A first slot extends to the midpoint of the first transition. A second slot extends to the midpoint of the second transition. A connector extends outwardly from each transition. Each connector has an upper and lower tab. The first slot receives the second transition of an adjacent edging section as the second slot receives the first transition of the adjacent edging section. This interlocks the edging sections together. As interlocked, the upper and lower tabs on the connectors form a rectangular structure for receiving a V-shaped stake. Stake tabs on the stake engage the upper tabs top secure the edging system to the soil.

Abstract: Methods and devices for growing plants in non-native environments and/or protecting crops from adverse weather conditions are disclosed in which sub-surface growing wells are used. The sub-surface growing wells extend below ground-level and include an opening that is exposed to above-ground conditions. The growing wells are outfitted with a well cap positioned above the well opening and the well cap can be moved either down to seal off the well from above-ground conditions or up to expose the well to above-ground conditions. The growing wells can be enhanced with a variety of control and monitoring systems to provide optimal growing conditions for plants contained in the wells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation rack. The rack is generally constructed from a number of uprights arranged vertically during use. A girder extends from each upright in transverse direction thereof to the opposite side of the rack. Situated transversely of girders in the longitudinal direction of the rack are carriers or spanning members. The spanning members support substrate holders for holding substrate in which the mycelium of the mushrooms is raised.

Abstract: A turf cutting machine, more particularly a four-wheel drive turf cutting machine, is provided. The turf cutting machine has a transmission arrangement which includes a transmission belt arranged between a rear axle pulley and a front axle pulley and which further includes a plurality of deflection pulleys which are arranged between the rear axle pulley and the front axle pulley so as to define a path for the transmission belt that extends from a rear axle to a front axle and then back to the rear axle passing over a cutting blade.

Abstract: A horticultural fill system comprises a biodegradable outer packaging and a plurality of biodegradable bipyramidal horticultural fill elements. The plurality of biodegradable bipyramidal horticultural fill elements are removably disposed within the biodegradable outer packaging, and a group of the plurality of biodegradable bipyramidal horticultural fill elements is configured to be positioned in a horticultural planter container, as horticultural fill, beneath growth medium in which a plant is to be grown.

Abstract: A planting apparatus is disclosed. The planting apparatus includes: a main vertical member connectable to a planting pot, wherein the vertical member is cylindrical-shaped and includes a plurality of openings along a cylindrical-surface thereof. Embodiments of the planting apparatus include a planting pot having a base having conical frustum-shaped walls and a base surface, wherein the base includes interior annular walls for receiving an end of the main vertical member.

Abstract: In some embodiments, systems and methods provide an irrigation control system, comprising: an irrigation controller comprising an irrigation control unit; a power source; a microcontroller; and a modulator, wherein the modulator is configured to output modulated power signals; a plurality of switches coupled to an output of the modulator and independently controlled by the microcontroller; and a plurality of two-wire path output connectors each coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of switches, wherein each of the plurality of two-wire path output connectors is configured to be connected to a corresponding two-wire path of a plurality of two-wire paths to which multiple decoder-based irrigation control units can be connected and controlled, wherein the microcontroller is further configured to operate the plurality of switches to couple and decouple the modulated power signals from the output of the modulator to one or more of the plurality of two-wire path output connectors.

Abstract: An automated plant pot assembly includes a first pot for containing an aqueous solution. A second pot is provided for having a plant potted therein and the second pot is insertable into the first pot. A spray bar is removably positionable in the second pot and the spray bar has a plurality of spray ports each fluidly integrated therein. A pumping unit is integrated into the first pot to pump the aqueous solution in the first pot. The pumping unit is placed in fluid communication with the spray bar when the second pot is positioned in the first pot to spray the aqueous solution onto the plant that is potted in the second pot.

Abstract: An integrated ceiling device includes integrated ceiling device including an electronic device housing, a heat dissipating structure, a light source, and a reflection/refraction assembly. An air gap is defined between the electronics housing and other components allowing ambient air to flow therethrough for cooling.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for unique spinach plants with broad-spectrum resistance to downy mildew and their progeny. Such plants may comprise an introgressed QTL associated with the broad-spectrum resistance to downy mildew. In certain aspects, compositions, including distinct polymorphic molecular markers, and methods for producing, using, identifying, selecting, and the like of plants or germplasm with resistance to downy mildew are provided.

Abstract: A rice cultivar designated UADA1701081 is disclosed herein. The present invention provides seeds, plants, and plant parts derived from rice cultivar UADA1701081. Further, it provides methods for producing a rice plant by crossing UADA1701081 with itself or another rice variety. The invention also encompasses any rice seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by the methods disclosed herein, including those in which additional traits have been transferred into UADA1701081 through the introduction of a transgene or by breeding UADA1701081 with another rice cultivar.

Abstract: A wheat variety designated G16Y2020, the plants and seeds and plant parts of wheat variety G16Y2020, methods for producing a wheat plant produced by crossing the variety G16Y2020 with itself or another wheat plant, and hybrid wheat seeds and plants produced by crossing the variety G16Y2020 with another wheat line or plant, and the creation of variants by backcrossing, mutagenesis or transformation of variety G16Y2020. Methods for producing other wheat varieties or breeding lines derived from wheat variety G16Y2020 and wheat varieties or breeding lines produced by those methods are also provided.

Abstract: Hydrangea paniculata having one or more of the following traits: 1) a compact habit, 2) panicle flowers that, when they age, transition from lime green to white to bright red pink, 3) exhibiting flowers at different age stages, such that an array of colors on the plant are exhibited at the same time 4) dense flower panicle, 5) thick, durable foliage, 6) strong stems, and 7) orange fall color.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 90440910 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 90440910, to the plants of soybean cultivar 90440910, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 90440910, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 90440910. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 90440910. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 90440910, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 90440910 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 91320747 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 91320747, to the plants of soybean cultivar 91320747, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 91320747, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 91320747. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 91320747. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 91320747, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 91320747 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 96060511 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 96060511, to the plants of soybean cultivar 96060511, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 96060511, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 96060511. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 96060511. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 96060511, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 96060511 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 90392435 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 90392435, to the plants of soybean cultivar 90392435, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 90392435, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 90392435. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 90392435. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 90392435, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 90392435 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 99350040 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 99350040, to the plants of soybean cultivar 99350040, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 99350040, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 99350040. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 99350040. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 99350040, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 99350040 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 95240447 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 95240447, to the plants of soybean cultivar 95240447, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 95240447, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 95240447. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 95240447. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 95240447, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 95240447 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a new soybean variety containing epicatechin with high content and having antioxidant and antiaging activities, a method for producing the new soybean variety, a composition containing an extract of the new soybean variety as an active ingredient, a functional health food containing the new soybean variety, a method for producing epicatechin from the new soybean variety, and a method for producing a commodity plant product. The seed of the new soybean (Glycine max) variety according to an aspect of the present disclosure contains epicatechin with a high content of 2 wt % or more based on the total weight of an 80 wt % ethanol aqueous solution of seed extract, exhibits 2 times or higher antioxidant activity confirmed by DPPH radical-scavenging ability than the mother plant IT109098, and exhibits superior collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-1, MMP-1) expression inhibition as compared to EGCG, which is known as an antiaging substance.