Abstract: The binder for monolithic refractories according to the present invention includes SrAl2O4; SrAl2O4 and 5 mass % or less of the remainder; or a mixture of SrAl2O4 and Al2O3.

Abstract: A belite-calcium sulphoaluminate-ferrite (BCSAF) cement composition including: a BCSAF clinker which clinker has the following mineralogical composition, based on the total weight of the clinker: 5 to 25%, preferably 10 to 20%, of a calcium aluminoferrite phase having the general formula C2AxF(1?X), wherein X is from 0.2 to 0.8; 15 to 35% of a calcium sulphoaluminate phase; 40 to 75% of belite (C2S); from 0.01 to 10% in total of one or more minor phases selected from calcium sulphates, alkali metal sulphates, perovskite, calcium aluminates, gehlenite, free lime and periclase and/or a vitreous phase; and an alkanolamine.

Abstract: A device is provided for use at temperatures above 1000° C. or in steel melts. The device has a body based on a material selected from at least one of high temperature-resistant hollow balls and high temperature-resistant hollow fibers. The body further contains water glass and a cement.

Abstract: A method for producing concrete parts and a structure includes (i) supplying a first concrete composition based on a quick binder containing Portland cement, curing accelerator system based on Al2O3, CaO lime and SO3 sulphates, a retardant system and a superplasticizer, (ii) adding a releaser system for forming a second concrete composition and pouring the second concrete composition into a concrete form. The use of a releaser system and the preparation of the first concrete composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the anti-erosion coating of the wall of a cyclone for separating and recovering solid particles driven in a fluid, in which a composite material is deposited in a mould comprising the wall of the cyclone (13) and an adapted form (17) in order to obtain, upon stripping, an impression having a predetermined geometry, at least one means for attaching the composite material to the wall of the cyclone (15), and connected to said wall, is provided before casting in the body of the impression. The invention also relates to an anti-erosion coating for a cyclone inner wall that includes a composite material provided in the form of a continuous layer on the inner wall of the cyclone, and at least one attachment means connected to the wall of said cyclone in the body of the coating, particularly with a smooth exposed surface. The invention also relates to a cyclone including such a coating and to the use of said coating.

Abstract: An inorganic binder composition has a first constituent which is a poly(sialate) or a poly(sialate-siloxo) admixed with a second constituent which has one or more of: fly ash F, fly ash C, fumed silica, Al2O3, pozzolan, ground slag, nepheline syenite, anhydrous aluminum silicate, hydrous aluminum silicate, hydrous sodium hydroxide, silicic acid, potassium salt, and sodium salt. The binder is used to recycle and reuse revert materials from metal smelting operations.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that include a method of cementing comprising providing a cement composition comprising water, a hydraulic cement, and an additive comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a stevia retarder and inulin; placing the cement composition in a subterranean formation; and permitting the cement composition to set in the formation.

Abstract: A dental cement system, including an aqueous hydration liquid and a powdered material that essentially consists of an inorganic cement system, which powdered material has the capacity to form a complex, chemically bonded material with inorganic as well as organic phases with properties suitable for cementation of implant to another implant and/or to tooth or bone tissue.

Abstract: Cement compositions containing biowaste ash and methods of cementing in subterranean formations using such cement compositions. Examples of suitable biowaste ash include agricultural waste ash, municipal waste ash, waste-water treatment waste ash, animal waste ash, non-human-non-animal industrial waste ash, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Compositions for fabricating architectural works wherein the compositions utilize one or more cement materials, additives, fibers and recycled glass. Exemplary cement materials include Portland cement, calcium aluminate, fly ash and/or E glass. Exemplary additives include boric acid, citric acid, lithium, plasticizer and/or methylcellulose ethers. Exemplary fibers include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and/or micro-fibers. Crushed recycled glass is used as an aggregate or non-reactive material. Other ingredients may be used including: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and hydrated lime to alter the PH; ferrous sulfate, mono-potassium phosphate, or manganese carbonate and magnesium sulfate as color enhancements; and/or pozzolans (Vcas) to neutralize the ASR efflorescence.

Abstract: A sulphoaluminate clinker includes as a phasic formulation, compared with the total weight of clinker: 5 to 25% of a calcium aluminoferrite phase with a formulation corresponding to the general formula C2AXF(1?X), with X comprised between 0.2 and 0.8; 15 to 35% of a calcium sulphoaluminate phase yee' limit (C4A3$); 40 to 75% belite (C2S); from 0.01 to 10% of one or several minor phases selected from the group consisting of calcium sulphates, alkali sulphates, perovskite, calcium aluminates, gehlenite, free lime and periclase, and/or a vitreous phase, and additives including at least sodium and boron present in the following quantities, by weight as compared to the total weight of the clinker: from 0.1 to 5% of sodium expressed as sodium oxide and from 0.2 to 3% of boron, expressed as boron oxide, the total content of said additives being less than or equal to 15%.

Abstract: The sealing agent for waterproof barriers in the form of a clay and cement suspension made of polymineral clays, characterized by the fact that it contains 3-15% parts by weight of cement, up to 65% parts by weight of fly-ash and/or rock dust of similar granulation, and 30-60% parts by weight, or better up to 50% parts by weight, of water suspension of clay, heavy or loamy.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a refractory aggregate composition comprising an improved calcium aluminate clinker having the formula CnAx wherein C is calcium oxide and A is aluminum oxide, wherein n is an integer from about 1 to about 12, wherein x is an integer from about 1 to about 24, and wherein said clinker has from zero to less than about fifty weight percent C12A7. Analogs, derivatives and hydrates of the improved calcium aluminate clinker are provided. A refractory composition and a sprayable refractory composition are disclosed comprising the improved calcium aluminate clinker. A method for improving the insulating character and/or penetration resistance of a liner in contact with molten aluminum in an aluminum manufacturing process or during aluminum transport is provided.

Abstract: The disclosed invention provides an improved method that utilizes a liquid ladle slag in combination with a crushed material, such as a refractory brick, and alumina ladle brick or an aluminum dross, to manufacture a calcium aluminate product that can be used in the steel refining process.

Abstract: An improved process for the causticisation of Bayer liquors in an alumina refinery, the process including the steps of reacting lime with aluminate ions in a Bayer liquor within a primary reactor under controlled conditions of low to moderate temperature (between 70-80° C.) and agitation, to form substantially only a hydrocalumite species and hydroxyl ions; and a secondary reactor wherein the hydrocalumite species formed is subjected to heating in contact with a Bayer liquor under controlled conditions so as to cause the hydrocalumite species to react with the liquor to form calcium carbonate, aluminate ions and hydroxyl ions, whereby a causticised Bayer liquor is obtained and wherein the efficiency of lime utilization is substantially increased and/or alumina losses are minimized.

Abstract: Cement compositions and methods for making cement compositions are provided. The cement compositions can comprise at least one oxide having a particle size of less than about 600 nm.

Abstract: A ready-for-use dual-component system includes a portion (A) containing retarded aqueous-phase aluminous cement and an aqueous phase portion (B) for initiating the curing process. The portion (A) further includes boric acid or a salt thereof, at least one super-plasticizer and water. The portion (B) includes an initiator and water. The dual-component system meets the following requirements: a) the initiator includes uniquely lithium salts and contains a mixture of lithium hydroxide and at least another water-soluble lithium salt; the total mass of lithium in the portion (B) is such that, after mixing with the portion (A), ranges from 0.5 wt % to 2 wt % relative to the weight of aluminous cement in the portion (A); and c) the mass of lithium in the portion (B) added by the lithium hydroxide is such that, after mixing with the portion (A), ranges from 0.1 wt % to 1 wt % relative to the weight of aluminous cement in the portion (A).

Abstract: The present invention includes methods and compositions that include a composition comprising a high alumina cement; a salt comprising at least one salt selected from the group consisting of an acidic salt, a neutral salt, and a low basicity salt; and a swellable clay; and methods of using that composition in subterranean formations.

Abstract: The disclosed invention provides an improved method that utilizes a liquid ladle slag in combination with a crushed material, such as a refractory brick, an alumina ladle brick or an aluminum dross, to manufacture a calcium aluminate product that can be used in the steel refining process.

Abstract: Display panel comprising two plates leaving between them a sealed space that is filled with a discharge gas and is partitioned into discharge cells bounded between these plates by barrier ribs made of a mineral material comprising a mineral binder based on a hydraulic binder, and a mineral filler. By using a hydraulic binder instead of a glassy mineral binder, the display panels may be manufactured at lower temperature.

Abstract: A cementitious slurry comprising fly ash having a predominant particle size of up to about 10 microns, and/or aluminous material having a predominant particle size of up to about 150 microns. The additive acts as a water reduction agent and can replace either wholly or partially a conventional plasticizer.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that comprise sub-micron alumina for accelerating setting of a cement composition. An embodiment includes a method of cementing in a subterranean formation. The method may comprise introducing a cement composition into the subterranean formation, wherein the cement composition comprises hydraulic cement, sub-micron alumina, and water. The method further may comprise allowing the cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. Another embodiment includes a cement composition that may comprise hydraulic cement, sub-micron alumina, and water.

Abstract: A system for a dental filling material or an implant material, alternatively a system for bonding between a tooth or a bone and a dental filling material and a implant material, respectively, which system comprises a water based hydration liquid and a powdered material, the binder phase of which powdered material essentially consisting of a calcium based cement system, which powdered material has the capacity following saturation with the liquid reacting with the binder phase to hydrate to a chemically bonded ceramic material. According to the invention, said powdered material and/or said hydration liquid comprises water soluble phosphate or a phase that has the capacity to form water soluble phosphate, whereby the system exhibits the capacity during hydration to form apatite. The invention also relates to the powdered material and the hydration liquid as such, an implant material and a method of achieving bonding.

Abstract: A cement suspension includes the following, in relation to the cement material: water (22-35% by weight); acetic acid (1-10% by weight); plasticizer (up to 8% by weight); and dispersant agent (0-2% by weight), having an apparent viscosity of 0.5-2 Pa·s for the casting speed gradient. Pieces of cement that are prepared from the suspension and which can be used as electronic components are also disclosed.

Abstract: To provide a quick-setting admixture for spraying and a spraying method, which are effective to prevent solidification of a quick-setting admixture slurried in a quick-setting admixture-adding tool. A slurry quick-setting admixture comprising an alkaline earth metal carbonate, a water-soluble acidic substance, calcium aluminate, an alkali metal sulfate, and water; and a quick-setting cement concrete comprising such a slurry quick-setting admixture and cement concrete. The slurry quick-setting admixture may further contain calcium sulfate, calcium hydroxide and/or aluminum hydroxide, a retarder, etc. The spraying method comprises mixing water and a powder quick-setting admixture comprising an alkaline earth metal carbonate, a water-soluble acidic substance, calcium aluminate and an alkali metal sulfate, to form a slurry quick-setting admixture, mixing this slurry quick-setting admixture with cement concrete to form a quick-setting cement concrete, and spraying this quick-setting cement concrete.

Abstract: The present invention deals with the initial hydration reaction of highly alkaline chemically bonded ceramic systems such as Ca-aluminate and Ca-silicate, exhibiting a controlled pH development, reduced from very high levels to be in a pH range of 7-9 by the use of an internal buffer system added to the CBC type biomaterial used. The invention is especially intended for endodontic, orthopaedic applications and/or soft tissue applications and/or drug delivery carrier applications.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention includes a method of cementing in a subterranean formation comprising: providing an extended settable composition comprising hydraulic cement, cement kiln dust, water, and a set retarding additive, wherein the extended settable composition is capable of remaining in a pumpable fluid state for at least about 1 day; adding a cement set accelerator to the extended settable composition; introducing the extended settable composition into a well bore; and allowing the extended settable composition to set. Another embodiment of the present invention includes a method of cementing in a subterranean formation comprising: providing an extended settable composition comprising hydraulic cement, cement kiln dust, water, and a set retarding additive; storing the extended settable composition; adding a cement set accelerator to the extended settable composition; introducing the extended settable composition into a well bore; and allowing the extended settable composition to set.

Abstract: A variety of methods and compositions are disclosed herein, including, in one embodiment, a method comprising: introducing a settable composition into a subterranean formation, wherein the settable composition comprises: a cementitious component comprising a hydraulic cement and cement kiln dust; a swellable particle; and water; and allowing the settable composition to set in the subterranean formation. Another embodiment comprises a settable composition comprising: a cementitious component comprising a hydraulic cement and cement kiln dust, a swellable particle, and water.

Abstract: The mass is structured on the basis of calcium aluminate cement, aggregates, water and chemical additives that modify the characteristics of the concrete. This mass uses magnetite, hematite or steel shot as an aggregate, with a highly continuous granulometry so as to achieve perfect consistency in the mass (Fuller's curve), accompanied by a high density, decisive factors for an optimum barrier effect against radiations. It can withstand high temperatures without there being any structural loss and it therefore maintains the barrier effect. The mass is suitable for producing poured concrete, concrete for bricks, and mortar, for use in the building of radioactive enclosures in which energies above 450 KeV, etc. are handled. Furthermore, prefabricated blocks of mixed mass, one of high density with great heat accumulation capacity and the other with the opposite effect, i.e.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an inorganic board which has high mechanical strength, much improved dimensional stability, freezing and fusion resistance. To attain said object the present invention provides an inorganic board made of a cured material being a raw material mixture containing a cementitious inorganic material, a silica containing material, a woody reinforcement, and a water soluble synthetic resin, wherein the mass ratio of said cementitious inorganic material and said silica containing material is set to be in the range of between 35:65 and 45:55, to promote the hardening reaction of said inorganic board, and to reduce the unreacted materials, solving the problem of the retardation of the cement hardening by said water soluble synthetic resin.

Abstract: To provide a spraying material having an excellent quick-setting property and excellent adherability, a small alkali amount and excellent initial strength development, and a spraying method using it. The spraying material comprises a liquid quick-setting admixture containing an aluminum source, a sulfur source and a fluorine source, one or more quick-setting aids selected from the group consisting of calcium aluminate, calcium sulfoaluminate, calcium aluminosilicate, an alkali metal-containing substance, calcium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide, and a cement concrete, and the method is to spray this spraying material.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments relate to well treatment fluids and methods that utilize nano-particles. Exemplary nano-particles are selected from the group consisting of particulate nano-silica, nano-alumina, nano-zinc oxide, nano-boron, nano-iron oxide, and combinations thereof. Embodiments also relate to methods of cementing that include the use of nano-particles. An exemplary method of cementing comprises introducing a cement composition into a subterranean formation, wherein the cement composition comprises cement, water and a particulate nano-silica. Embodiments also relate to use of nano-particles in drilling fluids, completion fluids, simulation fluids, and well clean-up fluids.

Abstract: A method for producing a cement which rapidly acquires good strength and is resistant to corrosion using a novel chemical production technology. The inventive method can be used to produce cements having properties rendering the cement suitable for use in diverse fields including the construction of oil wells, pipelines, etc. The invention also relates to a Portland-type cement which rapidly acquires mechanical strength, which has a shelf-life of up to 20 years under normal service conditions and which contains 4% molybdenum trioxide. The inventive cement is characterised in that it has a fineness of more than 4200 cm2/g. The invention is also characterised in that the cement has a minimum strength of 900 psi at 100° F. for 8 hours from the moment of setting and in that the cement has a minimum strength of 2000 psi at 140° F. after 8 hours from setting, without the addition of any additives, which enables reduction in the water necessary to achieve a pre-determined slump.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-performance cement comprising an alumnic cement with an aluminium content of at least more than 30%; microsilica with a grain size of 0.1 - 20 ?m whereby the percentage thereof is 35 % less by weight in comparison with the weight of the cement; mineral particles with a grain size of 0.5 - 500 ?m whereby the percentage thereof is 35% less by weight in comparison with the weight of the cement, the percentage of said particles being less than that of the microsilica; a water-soluble polymer fluidifying agent whereby the percentage thereof is 0.2 to 3.0% in comparison with the weight of the cement; a retarding agent which is used to control the setting time of the slurry; an amount of water the maximum thereof corresponding to 40 % in relation to the cement.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention includes a method of cementing in a subterranean formation comprising: providing an extended settable composition comprising hydraulic cement, cement kiln dust, water, and a set retarding additive, wherein the extended settable composition is capable of remaining in a pumpable fluid state for at least about 1 day; adding a cement set accelerator to the extended settable composition; introducing the extended settable composition into a well bore; and allowing the extended settable composition to set. Another embodiment of the present invention includes a method of cementing in a subterranean formation comprising: providing an extended settable composition comprising hydraulic cement, cement kiln dust, water, and a set retarding additive; storing the extended settable composition; adding a cement set accelerator to the extended settable composition; introducing the extended settable composition into a well bore; and allowing the extended settable composition to set.

Abstract: A wellbore may be cemented by preparing a cementitious composition comprising water, a metal oxide or hydroxide compound, a phosphate compound, a borate compound, and a sugar, followed by displacing the cementitious composition into the wellbore. The metal oxide or hydroxide compound reacts with the phosphate compound in the wellbore to set into a hard mass. The synergistic effect of the borate compound and the sugar may increase a thickening time of the cementitious composition to in a range of from about 2 hours to about 11 hours at ambient temperatures in the wellbore. As such, the thickening time is sufficient to allow the cementitious composition to be placed in its desired location in the wellbore before setting.

Abstract: A method of reducing plastic shrinkage cracking in concrete compositions that includes a) combining 3-40 volume percent cement, 5-50 volume percent fine aggregate, 5-50 volume percent coarse aggregate, and 10-22 volume percent water to form a concrete mixture; b) during or after (a), adding 1.5-40 volume percent of prepuff particles to the concrete mixture to form a concrete composition; c) placing the concrete composition in a form; and d) allowing the concrete to set and harden to form a hardened concrete article substantially free of plastic shrinkage cracking. The prepuff particles have an average particle diameter of from 0.2 mm to 8 mm, a bulk density of from 0.02 g/cc to 0.64 g/cc, an aspect ratio of from 1 to 3. The concrete composition has a density of from about 40 to about 135 lb./ft3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydraulic binder for low-cement content concrete. The ground mineral portion of this cement comprises an under-calcinated alumina the BET specific surface of which ranges between 8 m2/g and 20 m2/g. Said binder enables to formulate a concrete the use properties of which remain stable and constant whatever the type of silica fume used, and capable of being used over a wide working temperature range for implementation. The invention also relates to a preparation for refractory concrete, a refractory concrete and a method for making a refractory concrete.

Abstract: A cementitious material is provided that includes a phosphate based component and an alkali earth component. The alkali earth ion component has as a majority source a calcium aluminate calcium ion source of dodeca-calcium hepta-aluminate, or tricalcium aluminate. Magnesium oxide that has been fused and crushed to a size of less than 200 microns, alone or in combination with the calcium aluminate calcium ion source is also provided as the alkali earth ion component. When the phosphate based component and alkali earth ion components are combined in appropriate proportions, a rigid structure is obtained. A cementitious material formulation is also provided having an aqueous acidic phosphate solution as a part B and an alkali earth ion source as a part A that includes calcium aluminate, magnesium oxide or a combination thereof. Other additives include strength enhancing insoluble phosphate additive, an impurity metal reaction suppressant, tackifiers, anti-foaming agents, and the like.

Abstract: In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a self setting calcium phosphate cement comprising:—(i) a powdered component, said powdered component having an average particle size d50 of less than 15 ?m, and (ii) a calcium phosphate based powder, said powder having an average particle size d50 greater than that of the powdered component, said powdered component and said calcium phosphate based powder being suspended in water containing a dissolved zeta potential increasing additive in sufficient quantity to increase the zeta potential of the suspended particles to at least 30 mV, and wherein the zeta potential increasing additive is chosen to be compatible with the setting pH of the same calcium phosphate cement without the zeta potential increasing additive.

Abstract: A lightweight concrete composition containing from 10 to 90 volume percent of a cement composition, from 10 to 90 volume percent of particles having an average particle diameter of from 0.2 mm to 8 mm, a bulk density of from 0.03 g/cc to 0.64 g/cc, an aspect ratio of from 1 to 3, and from 0 to 50 volume percent of aggregate; where the sum of components used does not exceed 100 volume percent, and where after the lightweight concrete composition is set it has a compressive strength of at least 1700 psi as tested according to ASTM C39 after seven days. The concrete composition can be used to make concrete masonry units, construction panels, road beds and other articles.

Abstract: A cementitious slurry comprising fly ash having a predominant particle size of up to about 10 microns, and/or aluminous material having a predominant particle size of up to about 150 microns. The additive acts as a water reduction agent and can replace either wholly or partially a conventional plasticiser.

Abstract: A wellbore servicing comprising a calcium aluminate cement and at least one gelation inhibitor wherein the calcium aluminate cement comprises less than about 50 wt. % alumina, greater than about 2 wt. % iron oxide, or both. A wellbore servicing composition comprising calcium aluminate cement and a gelation inhibitor, wherein the gelation inhibitor comprises a copolymer comprising one or more sulfonated aromatic monomers and one or more acrylate monomers. A wellbore servicing composition comprising calcium aluminate cement and a gelation inhibitor, wherein the gelation inhibitor comprises a copolymer comprising alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, at least one methally sulfonic acid monomer; at least one copolymerizable nonionic monomer, and at least one copolymerizable olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides foamed cement compositions with improved mechanical properties and methods of cementing in subterranean formations, particularly in conjunction with subterranean well operations. The foamed cement compositions comprise carbon fibers, a hydraulic cement material, sufficient water to form a slurry, an expanding additive, and optionally other ingredients including a weighting agent, a retarding or accelerating agent, or the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are formulations adapted to form a foamed cementitious composition, the foamed cementitious composition itself, a method of forming a hydraulic binder foam, and a method of conveying and applying the resulting foam to a substrate. A pumpable cementitious slurry is formed, the slurry is mixed with a gas such as air, and is subjected to mechanically created turbulence to generate gas bubbles and create a foam, which preferably is stabilized by a foam stabilizing agent such as polyvinyl alcohol present in the slurry. The foam is then conveyed to a nozzle or other suitable dispense point from which it is applied, for example sprayed, preferably uniformly, onto a substrate to be coated. Prior to dispensing, a set accelerator is preferably injected, which causes the foam to gel, which in turn improves the hangability of the product on a substrate. The spray material adheres to the substrate and hardens to form an insulative coating on the substrate.

Abstract: A kit for preparing a hardenable cementitious composition includes a pre-proportioned cementitious material component and at least one pre-formulated and pre-proportioned liquid additive component, wherein the cementitious material and liquid components are mixed with together to prepare a cementitious material that possesses end application properties. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a hardenable cementitious composition using the kit and a method for repairing a flas in a cementitious structure using the hardenable cementitious composition.

Abstract: Powdered material, the binder phase of which mainly consists of a cement-based system, which powdered material has the capacity following saturation with a liquid reacting with the binder phase to hydrate to a radiopaque and chemically bonded ceramic material. According to the invention, said binder phase mainly consists of CaO.Al2O3 (ss) and/or 3CaO.Al2O3 (ss). The material also contains one or more heavy atom types with a density over 5 g/cm3. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the powdered material and the chemically bonded ceramic material formed from the powdered material, in which said binder phase has a mol ratio Al2O3.3H2O (ss) to 3CaO.Al2O3.6H2O (ss) of a maximum of 2:1.

Abstract: A cementitious composition including cement, water, and a rheology modifying additive (RMA) is provided. The inclusion of the RMA improves the cementitiuous composition's response to vibration, and dampens out differences due to minor fluctuations in initial slump of the composition. The RMA may include a dispersant for cementitiuous compositions. The cementitious composition may optionally include other admixtures or additives known in the industry. A method for making the cementitious composition is also provided.

Abstract: Compositions for performing cementing operations in a subterranean zone under high temperature conditions have a density of less than about 10.5 pounds per gallon, and include calcium aluminate, water, and a lightweight additive having a specific gravity of less than about 0.70.

Abstract: Bonded aggregate compositions such as concrete, concrete repair products, high temperature refractories, high temperature insulation and fire resistant insulation are made from an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid and a separate, storable dry mixture of suitable aggregate, monocalcium phosphate, and calcium in the form of calcium aluminate cement or calcium oxide. The proportion of wet to dry constituents is variable so as to select the working time and strength of the aggregate composition, typically on the order of ten to fifteen minutes. The mixture of the preferred dry constituents, and the binder to be mixed with the aggregate to yield the preferred dry mixture, are also disclosed.