Abstract: Cement compositions and methods for making cement compositions are provided. The cement compositions can comprise at least one oxide having a particle size of less than about 600 nm. The methods for making cement may include: providing a mixture of compounds containing the required calcium, silicon, aluminum, and iron to provide at least one of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, tetracalcium aluminoferrite, other calcium silicates, aluminates, ferrites, and silicates or combinations thereof; adding a fuel source and an oxidizer to the mixture of compounds; and heating the mixture of compounds, the fuel source, and the oxidizer such that the mixture of compounds, the fuel source, and the oxidizer ignite to form the at least one tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic binder, comprising K, Ca, aluminosilicates, as well as optionally Li, Na, and Mg, wherein the binder comprises the following components: a) a latently hydraulic aluminosilicate glass with a ratio of (CaO+MgO+Al2O3)/SiO2>1 and b) an alkali activator of the empirical formula (I) a(M2O)*x(SiO2)*y(H2O)??(I) wherein M=Li, Na, K, a=0-4, and x=0-5 and y=3-20, wherein the molar ratio of Ca/Si is <1, the molar ratio of Al/Si is <1, and the molar ratio of M/Si is >0.1. Furthermore, it relates to binder matrices, mortars, concrete adhesives, and metal anodes made of such binder.

Abstract: A lightweight structural concrete includes a hydraulic binder; effective water; a superplasticizer; and aggregates; the concrete having a density in the fresh state varying from 1.40 to a Dmax value calculated according to formula (I) Dmax=1.58+(a×AM) in which “a” represents a coefficient for which the value is equal to 1; “AM” represents the mass percentage of the amorphous materials contained in 1 m3 of fresh concrete; the concrete having a maximum fresh state density Dmax less than or equal to 1.85; the concrete having a Weffective/L ratio varying from 0.19 to 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monophase amorphous hydraulic binder containing silicon, calcium and oxygen atoms in an arrangement comprising silicate building units having an average connectedness of at least Q1, with none or a part of the calcium atoms being substituted for by a metal atom M[6]x+ sixfold or higher-coordinated with oxygen and/or none or no more than 45 atomic percent of the silicon atoms being substituted for by a metal atom M[4]y+ tetrahedrally coordinated with oxygen, the molar ratio of [CaO+(x/2)·(M[6]x+Ox/2)]:[SiO2+M[4]y+Oy/2] having a value of 0.2 to 1.5, and the binder having less than 3.5% by weight of water, as well as a mixture containing this binder.

Abstract: Hydraulic cements, such as Portland cements and other cements that include substantial quantities of tricalcium silicate (C3S), dicalcium silicate (C2S), tricalcium aluminate (C3A), and/or tetracalcalcium alumino-ferrite (C4AF), are particle size optimized to have increased reactivity compared to cements of similar chemistry and/or decreased water demand compared to cements of similar fineness. Increasing hydraulic cement reactivity increases early strength development and release of reactive calcium hydroxide, both of which enhance SCM replacement and 1-28 day strengths compared to blends of conventional Portland cement and one or more SCMs, such as coal ash, slag or natural pozzolan. Decreasing the water demand can improve strength by decreasing the water-to-cement ratio for a given workability. The narrow PSD cements are well suited for making blended cements, including binary, ternary and quaternary blends.

Abstract: There is described a cement composition, based on hydraulic binders, adapted to obtain coatings with a high photocatalytic activity and improved rheologic characteristics, including a hydraulic binder, a polycarboxylic or acrylic superfluidifying agent, a cellulosic ether with a viscosity in the range between 10000 and 120000 mPa·s, an adhesive agent, a calcareous, silicic or silicic-calcareous filler and a photocatalyst.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and systems for sequestering and/or reducing carbon dioxide present in an industrial effluent fluid stream containing carbon dioxide. A scrubbing material comprising a first component, a second component (distinct from the first component), and preferably water, is contacted with the effluent fluid stream. The first component comprises a source of calcium oxide and a source of alkali metal ions. The second component comprises a slag having one or more reactive silicate compounds. Methods of reducing carbon dioxide from exhaust generated by combustion sources, lime and/or cement kilns, iron and/or steel furnaces, and the like are provided. Carbon dioxide emission abatement systems are also disclosed. Methods of recycling industrial byproducts are further provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an expanded concrete composed of binder-containing mixtures, preferably having binders composed of Portland cement as specified in DIN EN 197 or of mixtures of hydraulic, latent-hydraulic and/or pozzolanic binders, having binders, water with a fraction of 20-60% by mass based on the mass of the binder in the mixture, chemical gas-forming agent, preferably in the form of aluminum powder, at 0.05-0.25% by mass, based on the mass of the binder, for forming mostly air pores in the expanded concrete, wherein the gas-forming agent in the form of a powder forms a mixture of different particle sizes, concrete additives such as in particular microsilica and/or flyash with a fraction of 0.5-25% by mass, based on the mass of the binder, concrete admixtures of mostly liquefying character and at a fraction of 0.

Abstract: A method of preparing a light weight concrete composition using expanded polymer particles that includes a) replacing from about 10 to about 50 volume percent of the coarse aggregate in the concrete composition with prepuff particles; and b) preparing the concrete composition by combining ingredients comprising 3-40 volume percent cement, 1-50 volume percent fine aggregate, 0-40 volume percent coarse aggregate, 10-22 volume percent water, and 5-40 volume percent of prepuff particles. The prepuff particles have an average particle diameter of from 0.2 mm to 5 mm, a bulk density of from 0.02 g/cc to 0.56 g/cc, an aspect ratio of from 1 to 3. The concrete composition has a density of from about 90 to about 135 lb./ft3 and after it is set for 28 days, has a compressive strength of at least 1800 psi as tested according to ASTM C39.

Abstract: A cement composition is made from a heat activated chemical salt selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, and calcium oxide and mixtures thereof. This activated salt is the mixed with hydraulic cement in an amount of 2½ to 3½ parts activated salt to one part hydraulic cement and the resulting mixture of hydraulic cement and activated salt is mixed with water and aggregate. In addition, industrial waste may be added to the mix in minor amounts of 5 to 30 percent.

Abstract: A lightweight construction material, a method of fabricating building panels utilizing said material and device therefore. The formulation utilizes silicone-treated expanded perlite in combination with cement, alpha gypsum, polyvinyl alcohol fibers and powder, and water. Building panels are formed utilizing fiber mesh to reinforce them while minimizing their weight. The building panel may be formed with one layer or two layers of different formulations.

Abstract: A fiber cement composite material that incorporates a blend of bleached and unbleached cellulose fibers as a partial or complete substitute for premium grade cellulose pulp is provided. Bleached standard grade cellulose fibers are used in conjunction with unbleached, standard grade cellulose fibers to provide a fiber cement composite product having substantially equal or even superior flexibility and strength as an equivalent fiber cement composite material reinforced by premium grade, unbleached cellulose fibers. A synergistic combination of bleached and unbleached standard grade cellulose fibers to produce a composite material with the desired properties previously achievable only through the use of premium grade cellulose pulp.

Abstract: A high early strength blended cement composition includes larger sized fly ash and/or natural pozzolan particles blended with smaller sized hydraulic cement particles containing tricalcium silicate and/or dicalcium silicate (e.g., Portland cement and/or ground granulated blast furnace slag). Excess calcium released from the hydraulic cement particles when mixed with water forms calcium hydroxide available for reaction with the fly ash and/or natural pozzolan. The fineness of the hydraulic cement particles is substantially greater than the fineness of the fly ash and/or natural pozzolan particles (e.g., about 1.25 to about 50 times greater). Reducing or eliminating coarse hydraulic cement particles that cannot fully hydrate but include unreacted cores reduces or eliminates wasted cement normally found in concrete.

Abstract: An additive composition for mortars, exterior insulation finish systems, self-leveling compounds and joint compounds is disclosed. The additive composition contains a nitrogen-containing polymer and a reactive agent capable of forming a crosslinking reaction with the nitrogen-containing polymer. Small amounts of the additive composition contained in a product not only can increase one or more properties of the product but can also minimize the use of redispersible polymers in the product.

Abstract: In the invention, a hydraulic powder is prepared by a step of grinding a hydraulic compound in the presence of compound (a) that is obtained by adding an alkyleneoxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms to a compound which has no amino group, but has an active hydrogen, provided that polyethyleneglycol and polypropyleneglycol are excluded. Alternatively, the hydraulic compound can be ground in the presence of compound (a) and anti-foaming agent (b).

Abstract: A method for making a low embodied energy cementitious mixture by blending a variety of post-consumer wastes, post-industrial wastes, as well as renewable, organic and recyclable materials with Portland cement or a material having similar cementitious properties. The primary materials are recycled concrete, coal-fired fly ash waste, silica fume, post-industrial waste, organic or inorganic waste fibers. Glass, brick, ceramics, ground tires and other waste products, as well as virgin aggregate can also be included in the low embodied energy cementitious mixture.

Abstract: Synthetic fibers, such as polypropylene fibers, are mixed in a shrinkage compensating concrete to provide restraint in lieu of conventional steel reinforcement used in a shrinkage compensating concrete. While the synthetic fibers have a low elastic modulus and low strength, they act to restrain expansion of the concrete in the same way that conventional steel rebar does. In addition, only a small amount of the synthetic fibers are needed to restrain the expansion. As a result, shrinkage compensating concrete can be used in more varied applications, and can be provided more quickly, easily and inexpensively. Construction time requirements and expenses of concrete structures are correspondingly reduced.

Abstract: A ductile ultra-high performance concrete which includes in relative parts by weight: 100 of Portland cement; 50 to 200 of a sand having a single grading with a D1O to D90 between 0.063 and 5 mm, or a mixture of sands, the finest sand having a D1O to D90 between 0.063 and 1 mm and the coarsest sand having a D1O to D90 between 1 and 5 mm; 0 to 70 of a particulate pozzolanic or non-pozzolanic material or a mixture thereof having a mean particle size less than 15 ?m; 0.1 to 10 of a water-reducing superplasticizer; 10 to 30 of water; and 0.5 to 5% by volume relative to the volume of the hardened composition of glass fibers having an aspect ratio of 6 to 120.

Abstract: Cementitious compositions and methods for making same, in which the cementitious compositions include 35-60 wt. % cementitious reactive powder (also termed Portland cement-based binder), 2-10 wt. % expanded and chemically coated perlite filler, 20-40 wt. % water, entrained air, and optional additives such as water reducing agents, chemical set-accelerators, and chemical set-retarders. In addition, the lightweight cementitious compositions may contain 0-25 wt. % on a wet basis secondary fillers such as expanded clay, shale aggregate, and pumice.

Abstract: A concrete product is produced by providing red dune sand having a particle size of 45 microns or less and mixing the red dune sand with hydraulic cement in a ratio of about 30% of the cement being replaced by the red dune sand. The cement and red dune sand are then mixed with fine and course aggregate, water and a superplasticizer and cast after pouring into a mold cavity. Then within 24 hours of casting, the cast article is steam cured for 12 hours under atmospheric pressure, demolded and placed in an auto clave at 100% humidity. The temperature in the auto clave is raised to 180° C. within one to two hours and maintained at that temperature for 4 to 5 hours. The temperature also increases the pressure to about 10 bars. The pressure is released to reach atmospheric pressure within 20-30 minutes and the temperature reduced gradually, so that the article can be removed.

Abstract: A process for sealing or strengthening porous molded articles, rock or porous informations. The process comprises using hyper-fine cement having a particle size D50 of <1 ?m as at least one of a sealing agent and strengthening agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic binding agent comprising a binding agent component having free-flowing or solidifying properties when water is added and an acceleration component which is used to accelerate solidification. The acceleration component contains ultrafine calcium hydroxide having a high specific surface and low grain size.

Abstract: Methods for preventing, reducing, or eliminating construction heave, expansion, distresses, and damage primarily caused by the formation of ettringite are disclosed including introducing fluoride ion releasing agent/salt(s), such as sodium fluoride, calcium fluoride, and potassium fluoride, to expansive soil layers or concrete structural elements and allowing the fluoride ion releasing agent/salt(s) at ambient temperature to react with formed ettringite and to prevent the formation of ettringite of the expansive soil layers or concrete structural elements. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Spent Claus catalyst having a high alumina content is used as an ingredient in the manufacture of Portland cements in place of all or a portion of a conventional source of alumina. The spent Claus catalyst is preferably of a small particle size and can be ground to the desired fineness before mixing with the other ingredients that are heated in a conventional kiln to produce the cement composition. Finely ground spent Claus catalyst can also be used as an additive at levels of 0.1% to 2% by weight to increase the thickening time of shallow casing cement slurries.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a wet concrete composition, including mixing Portland clinker in the form of grains having a Dv97 from 10 to 30 ?m or having a Blaine specific surface greater than or equal to 5300 cm2/g; slag; calcium sulphate; complementary materials, having a Dv90 less than or equal to 200 ?m; from 1500 to 2200 kg/m3 of aggregates; a plasticizer; optionally an accelerator and/or an air-entraining agent and/or a thickening agent and/or a retarder and/or a clay-inerting agent; with 140 to 220 l/m3 of effective water, the total quantity of clinker in the wet concrete being less than or equal to 200 kg/m3.

Abstract: A wellbore servicing method comprises converting a water into an electrochemically activated water, preparing a wellbore servicing composition comprising the electrochemically activated water, and placing the wellbore servicing composition in a wellbore. Also, cement composition comprises a cement and an electrochemically activated water.

Abstract: A cement slurry comprising a mixture of a cement blend and water, wherein the cement blend comprises at least about 70% by volume of blend of cementitious particulate material and water is present in the mixture in an amount of not more than 50% by volume of the slurry.

Abstract: A cement slurry comprising a mixture of a cement blend and water, wherein the cement blend comprises at least about 70% by volume of blend of cementitious particulate material and water is present in the mixture in an amount of not more than 50% by volume of the slurry.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that comprise sub-micron alumina for accelerating setting of a cement composition. An embodiment includes a method of cementing in a subterranean formation. The method may comprise introducing a cement composition into the subterranean formation, wherein the cement composition comprises hydraulic cement, sub-micron alumina, and water. The method further may comprise allowing the cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. Another embodiment includes a cement composition that may comprise hydraulic cement, sub-micron alumina, and water.

Abstract: A ready-mix concrete and method for making the ready-mix concrete having mix proportions that include at least 70% coarse recycled aggregate and fly ash is provided. The ready-mix concrete including cement, air, water, sand and a remaining percent of virgin coarse recycled aggregate such that the coarse recycled aggregate combines to 100% of the required coarse aggregate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monophase hydraulic binder containing silicon, calcium, oxygen and hydrogen atoms in an arrangement comprising silicate building units having an average connectedness of no more than Q1.5 and silanol groups, with none or a part of the calcium atoms being substituted for by a metal atom M[6]x+ sixfold or higher-coordinated with oxygen and/or none or a part of the silicon atoms being substituted for by a metal atom M[4]y+ tetrahedrally coordinated with oxygen, the molar ratio of [CaO+(x/2)·(M[6]x+Ox/2)]:[SiO2+M[4]y+Oy/2] having a value of 0.75 to 2.75, and the binder containing an H2O content of 3.5% by weight to 20% by weight, as well as a mixture containing this binder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monophase hydraulic binder containing silicon, calcium, oxygen and hydrogen atoms in an arrangement comprising silicate building units having an average connectedness of higher than Q1.5 and silanol groups, with none or a part of the calcium atoms being substituted for by a metal atom M[6]x+ sixfold or higher-coordinated with oxygen and/or none or a part of the silicon atoms being substituted for by a metal atom M[4]y+ tetrahedrally coordinated with oxygen, the molar ratio of [CaO+(x/2)·(M[6]x+Ox/2)]: [SiO2+M[4]y+Oy/2] having a value of 0.2 to 2.0, and the binder having an H2O content of 3.5% by weight to 20% by weight, as well as a mixture containing this binder.

Abstract: Sorbent components containing halogen, calcium, alumina, and silica are used in combination during coal combustion to produce environmental benefits. Sorbents such as calcium bromide are added to the coal ahead of combustion and other components are added into the flame or downstream of the flame, preferably at minimum temperatures to assure complete formation of the refractory structures that result in various advantages of the methods. When used together, the components reduce emissions of elemental and oxidized mercury; increase the level of Hg, As, Pb, and/or Cl in the coal ash; decrease the levels of leachable heavy metals (such as Hg) in the ash, preferably to levels below the detectable limits; and make a highly cementitious ash product.

Abstract: Mixture for use in a three-dimensional printer to make molds suitable for producing ferrous coatings. The mixture includes cement, sand and accelerator. Grain sizes of the cement, sand and accelerator are selected to assure that the three-dimensional printer generates coherent layers.

Abstract: A method of well construction or treatment comprising the introduction of a settable cement that contains pulverulent aplite down a borehole is provided, together with a cement composition comprising at least 30% by weight of cement pulverulent aplite on a dry solid basis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for marking at least one material comprising a non-organic matrix, characterized in that it comprises at least one step that involves incorporating in said material during the production thereof at least one compound containing at least one luminescent lanthanide in a concentration such that said compound in said material can be detected under UV radiation, wherein said compound is a co-ordination polymer in the form of a crystallite obtained by reacting at least one luminescent lanthanide ion with at least one unsaturated organic binder.

Abstract: A method for making a sludge aggregate concrete includes the steps of collecting and dehydrating sludge, sintering the sludge at a temperature of about 800˜900° C., grinding and sieving the sludge through a screen to obtain sludge ash, forming the sludge ash into an artificial sludge aggregate by mixing the sludge ash with an inorganic binder and water followed by granularizing, and mixing the artificial sludge aggregate with an inorganic binder and water to form the sludge aggregate concrete product.

Abstract: Cementitious compositions in which the cementitious properties of fly-ash are carefully controlled. The cementitious compositions may be substantially free harsh acids and bases such as citric acids (?pH 2.2) and alkali metal activators including alkali hydroxides (?pH 12-14) and metal carbonates (?pH 11.6). The use of these harsh chemicals creates acid base reactions during use of the products. Instead of these harsh chemicals, a citric salt, for example potassium citrate, may be used as a reaction accelerator. Boric compounds may be used as a retarder in the compositions.

Abstract: A composition for use in construction that is substantially free of volatile organic compounds (VOC) that when applied to a surface produces a smooth or textured, water-shedding (hydrophobic properties), aesthetically-pleasing, protective continuous coating. The coated surface as well as the method of preparing and applying the composition is also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods including hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious material, and/or self-cementing material. Methods for making the compositions and using the compositions are provided.

Abstract: A lightweight pervious cellular concrete is provided. The concrete has an internal structure comprising interconnected channels, resulting in a permeability K value of less than about 1×10?5, and as low as about 1. The cellular concrete has a density range of between 10 to about 100 pounds per cubic foot, with a compressive strength of between about 10 to about 1000 psi.

Abstract: A lightweight structural concrete with screw-ability and nail-ability similar to wood is composed of a non-structural and ultra lightweight aggregate such as expanded perlite or a combination of expanded perlite and polystyrene beads of a particular size distribution and volume amount, entrained air cells of another specific size distribution and volume amount, and dense cementitious composition of a cement binder, a fine grade structural filler no larger than concrete sand grade, a pozzolan, and optional micro-fibers for reinforcement. This structural concrete matrix is optimized to hold 13 gauge T-nails and bugle head wood screws with thread ranging from 8 to 11 threads per inch and diameter of 0.10? to 0.137?. The resulting concrete will have consistent screw-ability and nail-ability similar to that of wood.

Abstract: The present invention relates to materials used for building products, construction projects, structural objects, mechanical devices and other materials applications. Specifically, the invention concerns composite materials made with reinforcing elements in a binder matrix material. A method of strengthening materials is described that uses high volumes of reinforcing elements, which can be easily dispersed and uniformly distributed, consisting of large diameter fibers, miniature rods or other similar geometric shapes with a diameter or thickness between 0.05 mm and 20 mm where the reinforcements are incorporated either as short, randomly distributed elements or long, continuous aligned arrays.

Abstract: Solid mixture for the preparation of concrete which after 16 hours has a mechanical resistance higher or equal to 50 MPa comprising cement and limestone aggregates, substantially lacking latent hydraulic activity, characterized by the presentation of a specific granulometric distribution curve.

Abstract: A non-dispersible concrete for underwater and underground construction is disclosed, whose composition primarily comprises: coarse aggregate in a range of from 600 to 1200 kgw/m3; fine aggregate 500 to 1100 kgw/m3, with a fineness modulus (F.M.) in a range of from 2.2 to 3.2; powder 300 to 700 kgw/m3; mixing water 140 to 300 kgw/m3; and cohesion-enhancing admixture (for example, polyacrylamide, PAA) whose solid content is 0.1 to 5.0 wt % of the powder. In addition, a SCC for underwater and underground construction is also developed and has excellent property of self-consolidation (its test value is 400 to 750 mm in slump flow spread test) and an appropriate compressive strength (between 14 to 70 MPa), so as can be widely applied to underwater and underground construction, whose composition further includes superplasticizer with solid content 0.1 to 3.0 wt % of the powder. Also, it covers: water to binder ratio (W/B) of 0.22 to 1.00, paste volume 0.25 to 0.60 m3, and water/powder volume ratio 0.5 to 2.95.

Abstract: A method for producing a cement-containing material having a low content of soluble Cr (VI), the method including providing a cement-containing material with metallic sulphate particles coated with at least one product of the hydrolysis of a collagen material.

Abstract: Fiber reinforced concrete is generated by including fiber in a dispersed manner in a cement matrix including: cement; first pozzolanic reactant particles having a high activity; second pozzolanic reactant particles having an activity lower than the first pozzolanic reactant particles; first aggregate particles having a maximum particle diameter smaller than or equal to 2.5 mm, a mean particle diameter within a range of 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm and a fineness modulus within a range of 1.5 to 3.5; second aggregate particles having a maximum particle diameter smaller than or equal to 0.425 mm, a mean particle diameter within a range of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm and a fineness modulus within a range of 0.4 to 0.8; at least one type of plasticizer; and water.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods including hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious material, and/or self-cementing material. Methods for making the compositions and using the compositions are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of controlling the solubility of granular material by treating a precipitate comprising iron(II)sulphate monohydrate originating from titanium dioxide production, in which method the reaction temperature is allowed to increase at the most to a temperature of 120° C., to a plant for treating a precipitate comprising iron(II)sulphate monohydrate, to a product and its uses. A typical method according to the invention comprises the steps of mixing water to the reaction mixture in the said mixing apparatus, and keeping the amount of neutralizing agent sufficient to give a pH value from 1.5 to 4, preferably from 1.5 to 3, to the end product in order to obtain a granular material having a high soluble iron(II) content or keeping the amount of neutralizing agent sufficient to give a pH value ?9 to the end product in order to obtain a granular material having a low solubility.

Abstract: A lightweight concrete composition containing from 10 to 90 volume percent of a cement composition, from 10 to 90 volume percent of particles having an average particle diameter of from 0.2 mm to 8 mm, a bulk density of from 0.03 g/cc to 0.64 g/cc, an aspect ratio of from 1 to 3, and from 0 to 50 volume percent of aggregate; where the sum of components used does not exceed 100 volume percent, and where after the lightweight concrete composition is set it has a compressive strength of at least 1700 psi as tested according to ASTM C39 after seven days. The concrete composition can be used to make concrete masonry units, construction panels, road beds and other articles.