Abstract: An obscurant-emitting composition may comprise an oxidizer comprising a cation comprising at least one of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and an anion comprising at least one of nitrate, chlorate, bromate, iodate, perchlorate, periodate, or chlorite; a fuel; and a hydrated salt composition, wherein the obscurant-emitting composition comprises between 0.001% and 8% by weight hydrated salt composition.

Abstract: An obscurant-emitting composition may comprise an oxidizer comprising a cation comprising at least one of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and an anion comprising at least one of nitrate, chlorate, bromate, iodate, perchlorate, periodate, or chlorite; a fuel; and a hydrated salt composition, wherein the obscurant-emitting composition comprises between 0.001% and 8% by weight hydrated salt composition.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of cement/mortar/concrete compositions or systems, (for simplicity hereafter “cement” compositions or systems or even “cements”), of a generally known type containing low or medium (standard) “filler(s)”, and/or optionally HP filler(s), as carbonate-based filler(s), namely coarse low or medium calcium carbonate(s), namely coarse marble(s); Product comprising, or consisting of, the pre-blend (A) of coarse, low or medium (or optionally HP) “calcium carbonate-based filler” pre-blended with at least an UF; Aqueous compositions (B) obtained by mixing the above pre-blend (A) of coarse filler(s) with UF(s) with an aqueous system such as mix water, aqueous mix fluid; Product (C) consisting of, or comprising, the pre-blend (A) or the compositions (B), treated or pretreated with at least one superplastifier or aqueous system containing superplastifier(s); Cement and Use of cement.

Abstract: The method for enhancing strength and durability of weak soils includes the steps of selecting a weak soil, such as marl or dune sand, mixing the weak soil with 2% cement by weight and between 5% and 30% by weight of Electric Arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) to form a dry mixture, mixing the dry mixture with water to form a substantially homogenized mixture, and curing the homogenized mixture, wherein curing can include the step of sealing the homogenized mixture in an environment having a temperature between 19° C. and 25° C., inclusive, for seven days.

Abstract: A concrete comprises in relative parts by weight: 100 of Portland cement; 0.25 to 9 of a defoamer; 0.001 to 6 of a surfactant; 0 to 230 of coarse gravel and/or fine gravel and/or shear enhancers; 0 to 85 of sand; 0 to 60 of a particulate pozzolanic or non-pozzolanic material or a mixture thereof having a mean particle size less than 15 micrometers; 0 to 80 of a particulate pozzolanic or non-pozzolanic material or a mixture thereof having a mean particle size between 15 to 88 micrometers; 0.3 to 18 of a water-reducing superplasticizer; 0 to 14 of polyethylene fibers; and 5 to 40 of water. An air mixing process using a tightly sealed mixing tool is used to thoroughly mix the constituents of the concrete before adding the water for curing. By adjusting relative parts in the composition, concretes of high and ultrahigh performance can be achieved efficiently.

Abstract: A domestic appliance filter for use in a laundry treatment device includes a basic filter material with a hydrophobic coating for filtering out matter from a process water duct or a process air duct. The basic filter material includes a material which is resistant to temperatures of 160° C. or more and the hydrophobic coating on the basic filter material effects a surface energy of less than 35 mN/m.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods including hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious material, and/or self-cementing material. Methods for making the compositions and using the compositions are provided.

Abstract: Dry construction pellets that may be made by mixing predetermined portions of two or more components of cementitious materials without ingredients that would allow the mixture to cure, and separating the un-curable mixture of the two or more components into a plurality of pellets, each having substantially the predetermined portions of the two or more components. An extrusion system may include a transport line configured to transport the dry pellets in a gaseous transport stream.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions, methods, and systems for a material containing metastable carbonate and stabilizer. Methods for making the compositions and using the compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of “High performance”, “HP”, or “FLUID”, or “technical”, cement or mortars or concrete systems or compositions (hereafter for simplicity “cements” or “cements systems” or “cement compositions” or “cements”) having an improved compacity, an improved flowability (and globally speaking a definitely improved “workability”; Product consisting of, or comprises, a blend of coarse (or optionally HP) “calcium carbonate-based filler(s)” pre-blended with at least an UF; CEMENT COMPOSITIONS incorporating the said blend or aqueous composition, namely the said blend of low or medium (or optionally HP) coarse filler(s) treated with at least one UF; USE of the said blend, or aqueous compositions and cement composition.

Abstract: Provided are compositions, methods and systems including cementitious compositions and reinforcing materials wherein the cementitious composition comprises a metastable component.

Abstract: It is described an integrated process for the production of clinker by dry process, with treatment in continuous of by-pass dusts produced by the kiln, wherein the solid matter to treat consists of bypass dusts of a clinker production process, containing compounds of chloride, sodium, potassium and sulphur, such a process comprising the following steps: a) extraction of the bypass dusts directly from the phase of quench, without intermediate storage, at a temperature comprised between 150 and 200° C., with a moisture content varying from 0.1 to 3% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, and with a quantity of calcium carbonate lower than 55% by weight; b) mixing of said dusts coming from step a), within a maximum time comprised between 2 and 10 minutes, preferably lower than about 5 minutes, with water up to a water/dusts ratio varying from 2:1 to 4:1, preferably from 2.5:1 to 3.

Abstract: Hydraulic cement compositions that include a carbonate compound composition, e.g., a salt-water derived carbonate compound composition containing crystalline and/or amorphous carbonate compounds, are provided. Also provided are methods of making and using the hydraulic cements, as well as settable compositions, such as concretes and mortars, prepared therefrom. The cements and compositions produced therefrom find use in a variety of applications, including use in a variety of building materials and building applications.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods including hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious material, and/or self-cementing material. Methods for making the compositions and using the compositions are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of binders by calcinating mineral raw material mixtures. In order to improve the process and the quality of the binders, it is proposed that oil shale and/or oil sand fills are converted by targeted agglomeration into particles of a certain size and consistency, wherein the water content for the mechanical stabilization of the agglomerate is adjusted to less than 25 percent and the agglomerates are calcinated to form binders at temperatures between 800 and 1500° C. under reductive conditions over the entire process with a Lambda value <1 in a vertical shaft furnace with updraft gasification. The binding properties are adjusted by the targeted addition of CaO-containing substances and/or existing sulfur fractions of the oil sands and/or oil shales are bound by means of the CaO that is present in the starting material and/or added.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and compositions are provided related to utilizing gypsum for CO2 sequestration to form solid products containing calcium carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filler or a filler mixture containing carbonate, as well as to a process for manufacturing the same by precipitating the filler directly into the pulp or, as a separate process without the presence of fibres, particularly from the wire water of the paper or board manufacture. The invention also relates to a fibre product containing this filler, such as a paper or board product, or a plastic, rubber, concrete or paint product.

Abstract: A plant for producing cement clinker from calcium carbonate-containing raw meal. A preheating stage preheats the raw meal, which preheating stage is heated by exhaust gases from a following sintering stage. A stage is provided for deacidification and sintering of the raw meal. A cooling stage for the sintered meal is of at least two-stage design and has a gas separation stage for separating exhaust gases from the deacidification and sintering stage which is routed in a first gas circuit from the cement clinker cooling gas. A gas/gas heat exchanger is arranged downstream of the preheating stage in the gas flow direction, through which heat exchanger heat from the combined exhaust gases which leave the preheating stage is transferred into a gas, extracted from the gas for cooling the cement clinker, routed in a second gas circuit, for drying the raw meal in a preceding grinding stage.

Abstract: A composition used for high-strength impermeable concrete. The composition contains sand, stone, cement, water reducer, water and reinforced impermeable sand. The reinforced impermeable sand includes aeolian sand and binder covering the surface of the aeolian sand. The reinforced impermeable sand can fill the gap between the sand and the stone, and well combine various components in the composition, and suppress the seepage phenomenon of the molded concrete, thereby greatly improving the strength and impermeability of the concrete.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing an artificial stone, and the method includes forming an artificial-stone paste which comprises 20-20 parts by weight of silica stone, metakaolim or silica fume, 200-300 parts by weight of quartz chips, 30-36 parts by weight if water, 1.5-3 part by weight of water-reducing agent and 0.2-3 parts by weight of pigment with response to 100 parts by weight of white cement; injecting the artificial-stone paste in a mold; primarily vacuum-molding the artificial-stone paste injected in the mold; secondarily vibration-molding the primarily molded artificial-stone paste; primarily curing the secondarily molded artificial-stone paste; secondarily curing the primarily cured artificial-stone paste, which induces a hydrothermal reaction and thus causes a pozzolanic reaction; releasing the secondarily cured artificial-stone paste from the mold; and surface-machining the released artificial-stone paste.

Abstract: New photocatalytic product comprising compounds of titanium integrated with limestone. The product is obtained by reacting limestone with a suitable precursor of titanium dioxide in a basic solution, followed by accurately washing the solid obtained, drying it and calcining it. A composite is obtained containing limestone, titanium dioxide and calcium titanate. The composite thus obtained, used as such or in mixture with other components, has shown an unexpectedly high photocatalytic activity.

Abstract: New photocatalytic product comprising compounds of titanium integrated with limestone. The product is obtained by reacting limestone with a suitable precursor of titanium dioxide in a basic solution, recovering the product in particular conditions, drying it and calcining it. By operating in presence of sodium, a composite is obtained substantially free from titanium dioxide, containing limestone and calcium titanate. The composite thus obtained, used as such or in mixture with other components, has shown an unexpectedly high photocatalytic activity.

Abstract: A concrete mix useful for producing concrete products having anti-efflorescence properties and a method for making such concrete products are provided. The concrete mix includes a hydraulic cement binder, aggregates and as an additive an ultrafine particulate material including carrier particles being surface treated with an efflorescence control agent. The method for making concrete includes a first step of mixing the hydraulic cement binder, aggregates, water and the ultrafine particulate material, a second step of pouring the mixture so obtained into a form, and a third step of curing the mixture.

Abstract: A process for reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in a gas including carbon dioxide and water vapour which process includes contacting the gas with a particulate solid, which solid is a waste material which includes an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide or a mixture thereof and which particulate solid also includes an added alkali metal compound which is an alkali metal hydroxide, carbonate or bicarbonate, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for producing a carbonate precipitation material comprising stable or reactive vaterite from carbide lime that provides both a source of divalent cations (Ca2+ ions, Mg2+ ions, etc.) and a source of proton removing agent.

Abstract: Reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions, and methods for making and using the same, are provided. Aspects of the reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions include CO2-sequestering carbonate compounds, which may be present in the hydraulic cement and/or aggregate components of the concrete. The reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions find use in a variety of applications, including use in a variety of building materials and building applications.

Abstract: A composition used for high-strength impermeable concrete. The composition contains sand, stone, cement, water reducer, water and reinforced impermeable sand. The reinforced impermeable sand includes aeolian sand and binder covering the surface of the aeolian sand. The reinforced impermeable sand can fill the gap between the sand and the stone, and well combine various components in the composition, and suppress the seepage phenomenon of the molded concrete, thereby greatly improving the strength and impermeability of the concrete.

Abstract: A method for producing a reaction product including at least one synthetic formulation that carbonates sufficiently, said method comprising: providing a first raw material, having a first concentration of M; providing a second raw material, having a second concentration of Me; and mixing the first raw material and the second raw material to produce a reaction product that includes at least one synthetic formulation having the general formula MaMebOc, MaMeb(OH)d, MaMebOc(OH)d or MaMebO(OH)d.(H2O)e, wherein M comprises at least one metal that can react to form a carbonate and Me is at least one element that can form an oxide during the carbonation reaction, wherein the at least one synthetic formulation is capable of undergoing a carbonation reaction, and wherein the at least one synthetic formulation is capable of undergoing volume change during the carbonation reaction.

Abstract: Provided are a method of dry-grinding calcium carbonate in the presence of a grinding aid agent which is a copolymer of (meth)acrylic acid with a monomer containing an alkoxy or hydroxy polyalkyleneglycol group, and a method of producing a hydraulic binder base including dry grinding a calcium carbonate in the presence of the grinding aid.

Abstract: Systems and methods for lowering levels of carbon dioxide and other atmospheric pollutants are provided. Economically viable systems and processes capable of removing vast quantities of carbon dioxide and other atmospheric pollutants from gaseous waste streams and sequestering them in storage-stable forms are also discussed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an unshaped refractory material comprising a refractory base component and a binder component, the binder component comprising, related to the refractory material, an acidic component of the group comprising an acid, salt of an acid, ester of an acid, salt and ester of an acid as phosphate, sulfate or carbonate, in an amount of ?1.5 wt.-% and ?6 wt.-%, and a basic component of the group comprising: base, urotropin, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, caustic MgO, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, in an amount of ?1 wt.-% and ?4 wt.-%, wherein said material receives an earth-moist, crumbly consistency by addition of 1 to 5 wt.-% of water and which solidifies after an exothermic reaction of the binder component.

Abstract: A method to render stone, ceramic, or cementitious structures water repellent is disclosed. The method includes the step of contacting the stone, ceramic, or cementitious structures with an alkylphosphonic acid. The alkylphosphonic acid can be dispersed in an aqueous medium and can be at least partially neutralized with ammonia, an amine, or a basic alkali salt.

Abstract: A method of producing cement clinker including the steps of preheating raw meal comprising calcium carbonate in a preheating stage that is preheated by the exhaust gases of a sintering stage connected downstream in the direction of the gas flow, neutralizing the preheated raw meal, sintering the raw meal into cement clinker in a sintering stage, and cooling the cement clinker from the sintering stage in a cooling stage that cools the cement clinker with a gas. The exhaust gases of the sintering stage are combined with the exhaust gases of the neutralization, and the combined exhaust gases are conducted in an open gas circuit. The CO2 emissions are substantially reduced over known systems with CO separation, and the formation of nitrogen oxides by the combustion of atmospheric nitrogen in the oxidative environment of the sintering stage burner is almost completely prevented.

Abstract: A method of well construction or treatment comprising the introduction of a settable cement that contains pulverulent aplite down a borehole is provided, together with a cement composition comprising at least 30% by weight of cement pulverulent aplite on a dry solid basis.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods including hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious material, and/or self-cementing material. Methods for making the compositions and using the compositions are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for stabilizing aqueous preparations of minerals by adding reuterin to the aqueous preparations, to the use of reuterin for the stabilization of such aqueous mineral preparations, and the aqueous mineral preparations containing reuterin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel composite structure with enhanced toughness, which incorporates features mimicked from nacre (mother of pearl). The structure can be used in many industrial and clinical applications, including aeronautics (aircraft skin), the defense industry (armor materials); orthopedics and medical devices (tough, biocompatible coatings on prostheses) and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS; increased reliability for critical components).

Abstract: Cementitious compositions and processes for preparing and using the cementitious compositions are provided. The cementitious compositions are characterized by the property of a reduced or an attenuated water vapor emission from a cementitious mix and a concrete formed therefrom.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided that relate to cement compositions and methods comprising sub-micron calcium carbonate and latex. An embodiment includes a method of cementing in a subterranean formation. The method may comprise introducing a cement composition into the subterranean formation, wherein the cement composition comprises cement, water, sub-micron calcium carbonate, and latex. The method further may comprise allowing the cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. Another embodiment includes a cement composition that may comprise cement, water, a sub-micron calcium carbonate, and latex.

Abstract: Formed building materials comprising a sequestered CO2 are provided. The building materials of the invention include a composition comprising a carbonate/bicarbonate component. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the formed building materials.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods including hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious material, and/or self-cementing material. Methods for making the compositions and using the compositions are provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods including hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious material, and/or self-cementing material. Methods for making the compositions and using the compositions are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for preparing a liquid mortar or concrete without adding water, to a method for preparing said composition, and to a kit including said composition.

Abstract: Reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions, and methods for making and using the same, are provided. Aspects of the reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions include CO2-sequestering carbonate compounds, which may be present in the hydraulic cement and/or aggregate components of the concrete. The reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions find use in a variety of applications, including use in a variety of building materials and building applications.

Abstract: CO2-sequestering formed building materials are provided. The building materials of the invention include a composition comprising a carbonate/bicarbonate component. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the CO2-sequestering formed building material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel composite structure with enhanced toughness, which incorporates features mimicked from nacre (mother of pearl). The structure can be used in many industrial and clinical applications, including aeronautics (aircraft skin), the defense industry (armor materials); orthopedics and medical devices (tough, biocompatible coatings on prostheses) and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS; increased reliability for critical components).

Abstract: A method of making a cementitious composition comprises (a) selecting at least one pozzolanic particulate material; (b) selecting and grinding at least one feldspar material to a fineness of at least 3000 Blaine; (c) mixing calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide with gypsum; (d) mixing the ground feldspar with the lime-gypsum mixture to produce an activator; (e) conditioning the pozzolanic particulate material with an aqueous solution; (f) adding the activator to the conditioned material to produce a slurry; and (g) curing the slurry in a sealed container. The pozzolanic particulate material can be slag, fly ash, or siliceous rock. A cementitious composition of the invention comprises a pozzolanic particulate material, a ground feldspar material, a lime compound and gypsum, and uses readily available materials, as an economic replacement for Portland cement, fly ash or other materials in filling, backfilling and paving, particularly for backfilling or stabilizing mine sites.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for sequestering carbon dioxide from a multi-component gaseous stream, such as flue gas from natural gas-burning power plant to produce a protonated carbonate. Also provided herein are methods and systems for electrochemically producing proton-removing agents to form a deprotonated carbonate from the protonated carbonate. The electrochemical process may consume less energy than the amount of energy generated during production of the multi-component gaseous stream.

Abstract: New photocatalytic product comprising compounds of titanium integrated with limestone. The product is obtained by reacting limestone with a suitable precursor of titanium dioxide in a basic solution, followed by accurately washing the solid obtained, drying it and calcining it. A composite is obtained containing limestone, titanium dioxide and calcium titanate. The composite thus obtained, used as such or in mixture with other components, has shown an unexpectedly high photocatalytic activity.

Abstract: There are provided a method by which a stress history of an object can be measured with high reliability if the object, which has temporarily been elastically deformed upon receiving an external force, recovers from the elastic deformation, and a composite material containing cement as a main component, of which a stress history can be measured with high reliability without reducing the strength of the material itself and without breaking the structure. To achieve the above-mentioned advantages, the method includes the steps of: acquiring an initial value of a twin density for calcite particles contained in an object to be measured that is elastically deformable upon receiving an external force; and measuring a history of stresses received by the object to be measured on the basis of a difference from the initial value in respect of the twin density for the calcite particles after the object to be measured receives the external force.