Abstract: Novel compositions and methods are provided for forming masks used in air brush painting. The masking compositions used in this invention are liquids as applied and are hardenable into a friable paint masking layer. The preferred compositions of this invention are comprised of a hydratable binder, such as plaster of Paris, an inert filler, such as calcium carbonate, and water. The amount of the filler is selected relative to the amount of the binder to substantially weaken and make friable the resulting hardened layer. In the method of this invention the composition is applied to the area of a substrate to be masked. The applied layer if desired is shaped with a tool to provide details in the resulting mask. The layer is then hardened to form a brittle friable masking layer directly adhered to surface of the substrate. The substrate is then airbrush painted. The mask is removed by fracturing the mask and removing the resulting particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ready mixed cement product for home or commercial use which is premixed and prepackaged incorporating recycled construction and demolition debris in place of virgin stone. The present invention also relates to methods for making and using this ready mixed cement product.

Abstract: A blended hydraulic cement binder, is disclosed, consisting of water, fly ash, Type III portland cement, Type I portland cement, slag cement, ground silica, boric acid, borax, citric acid and an alkali metal activator. The cement binder and sequences for mixing the composition, is particularly useful because it provides: time to mix all components adequately, unrestricted transporting time that can be terminated, at will, followed by alterable placement and finishing times. The cement binder can be used as a neat cement or it can be extended with fillers, such as sand and gravel, to make mortar or concrete, that rapidly gains very high structural strengths.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a hydraulic cement binder for both general and special applications, consisting of water, cementitious materials, boric acid, borax, citric acid, an alkali metal activator, and with or without ground silica. This cement making process with sequences for mixing the composition, is particularly useful because it provides: time to mix all components adequately, unrestricted transporting time that can be terminated, at will, followed by alterable placement and finishing times. The process provides the means for creating a hydraulic cement binder that can be used as a neat cement or it can be extended with fillers, such as sand and gravel, to make mortar or concrete, that rapidly gains very high structural strengths.

Abstract: The cementitious material comprises an initial mixture of portland cement clinker and a modifier ranging in weight from approximately 0.5% to 5%, preferably 1%, of the weight of the clinker. The modifier is selected from a group comprising (a) a melamine formaldehyde-sodium bisulfite copolymer, and (b) sodium naphthalene sulfonate. The portland cement clinker and the modifier are intimately mixed and caused to react together in a solid state reaction by energetically grinding them together in a highly energetic ball-and-tube grinding mill to a high degree of fineness of at least approximately 5000 Blaine. Modified cementitious materials are produced by providing an additional constituent in the initial mixture comprising a hard, dense, substantially inert mineral material ranging up to 70% of the mixture by weight. The percentages of the portland cement clinker and the modifier are correspondingly reduced. The modified initial mixture is ground as before.

Abstract: Cuttable concrete capable of being cut and sculpted with traditional tools and process for the manufacture and moulding thereof. The concrete consists of a mixture of a volume V of mineral material essentially in the form of crushed oolitic limestone, a volume V1, less than V, of a carbonated binder, preferably lime and/or cement based, and excess water. The cuttable concrete is useful in the building industry, interior decoration, urban fittings and the manufacture of casting moulds.

Abstract: Conductive cement-based compositions exhibiting both good electrical conductivity and mechanical strength have been obtained by ensuring proper dispersion of conductive phase within the composition. The content of the ingredients depends on the preparation method, for instance conventional mixing or slurry infiltration, and on the type of the composition, i.e. conductive paste, mortar or concrete. The broad content ranges of the conductive composition are:a cement binder,a conductive phase consisting of one or more of the following:conductive fibers in the amount from 0 to 15% by volume of the composition;conductive particles in the amount from 0 to 80% by volume of the composition;water, at the weight ratio relative to cement binder from 0.2 to 0.75,fine agregates at the weight ratio relative to cement binder from 0.0 to 2.0, andcoarse aggregates at the weight ratio relative to cement binder from 0.0 to 2.0,conventional additives or admixtures, and optionally a dispersant.

Abstract: A mortar composition based on aluminous cement which provides an attractive ceramic tile-like surface gloss and other desirable properties including superb hardness, reduced water absorption, high strength, high acid resistance, and good heat and weather resistance, is disclosed. Also disclosed is a molded article of manufacture which comprises the mortar composition, as well as fiber-reinforced mortar compositions and molded articles of manufacture made therefrom.

Abstract: Flowable, pressure-compensating material compositions are provided. The compositions are directed toward improving one or more aspects of the flowable material, such as by providing/improving flame retardancy and/or the homogeneity of the composition over time. For instance, one composition includes a liquid, a viscosity-increasing material, and beads having a preselected coating thereon to provide for a coupling interaction with at least one of the liquid and the viscosity-increasing material.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a hydraulic cement binder for both general and special applications, consisting of water, cementitious materials, boric acid, borax, citric acid, an alkali metal activator, and with or without ground silica. This cement making process with sequences for mixing the composition, is particularly useful because it provides: time to mix all components adequately, unrestricted transporting time that can be terminated, at will, followed by alterable placement and finishing times. The process provides the means for creating a hydraulic cement binder that can be used as a neat cement or it can be extended with fillers, such as sand and gravel, to make mortar or concrete, that rapidly gains very high structural strengths.

Abstract: A blended, hydraulic cement binder, is disclosed, consisting of water, fly ash, Type III portland cement, Type I portland cement, slag cement, ground silica, boric acid, borax, citric acid and an alkali metal activator. The cement binder and sequences for mixing the composition, is particularly useful because it provides: time to mix all components adequately, unrestricted transporting time that can be terminated, at will, followed by alterable placement and finishing times. The cement binder can be used as a neat cement or it can be extended with fillers, such as sand and gravel, to make mortar or concrete, that rapidly gains very high structural strengths.

Abstract: A novel cement-based composition comprising a cement powder, a polymeric latex composition, and a water-soluble polysaccharide compound is disclosed. This composition is useful in adhering ceramic and vitreous tiles to plywood substrates. The composition can also be formulated to be an underlayment for preparing a substrate for flooring including carpet, tiles, wood flooring, etc.

Abstract: A process for producing a hard material from a cementitious mixture, the process including the steps of blending together a cement constituent and a filler constituent whilst in a dry condition to provide a compactable homogeneous mixture containing a predetermined volume of voids defined between filler particles up to a predetermined size, laying the dry mixture onto a substrate, sparingly applying water to the surface of the mixture to dampen the surface layer of the mixture for causing setting of the cement in said surface layer and subsequently applying more water for causing setting and hardening of the remainder of the cement.

Abstract: A fire resistant and high temperature insulating composition is provided. The composition generally comprises a carbonate material in an amount from about 20% to about 80% by weight, an aluminosilicate in amount from about 0.5% to about 15% by weight, talc in amount from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight, cellulose in amount from about 1% to about 30% by weight, a binder in an amount from about 1% to about 45% by weight, and a gelling agent in an amount from about 1% to about 45% by weight. The binder is preferably a mixture of an organic adhesive such as a polymeric resin, and a non-organic adhesive such as cement, but other adhesives can be used alone or in combination therewith. The gelling agent is preferably a polymeric substance that swells in the presence of a liquid such as superabsorbent polymers. The components are combined and water may be added in an amount from about 1 to about 50% by weight to obtain a composition of the desired consistency.

Abstract: A method is described for making concrete from an initially dry mixture including Portland cement, a fine aggregate, and a coarse aggregate. The method is effective for curing mixtures which contain rubble, as well as for mixtures which contain primarily virgin aggregate. In the method, substantially dry steam is introduced to the mixture at elevated temperature and pressure. Air injection may be utilized to further increase the pressure. An improved concrete is also described. The concrete exhibits unexpectedly high compressive strength.

Abstract: A light weight cementitious composition comprising a dry mixture of a hydraulic cement component and an aggregate component and which, upon mixing with water, produces a paste which is easily workable and sets to produce a light weight concrete mass. The hydraulic cement component includes at least two and usually three cement constituents. One constituent is a Type S, Type M or Type N masonry cement. A second constituent is a pozzolanic cement or an expansive cement, and a third constituent is a Type I cement, Type II cement or a Type III portland cement. In this mixture the first and second cement constituents are each present in an amount less than the third cement constituent. The second aggregate component in the dry mixture comprises a light weight aggregate present in an amount to provide a bulk density for the dry mixture of no more than 100 pounds per cubic foot and more specifically, a bulk density of about 85 pounds per cubic foot, or less.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a multifunctional powder material for protecting buildings and process for the same. Said multifunctional powder material contains fine powders of refined limestone, dolomite and marble, a straight-chain alkyl acid or a straight-chain alkane containing 16-25 carbon atoms hydrophobic agent packed closely on the whole surfaces of said powders, the usage of said hydrophobic agent is at least 0.3 percent by weight (based on the total weight of the mixture of said powders).

Abstract: The present inventions relates to a method for the controlled hardening of cid-setting cements and binders by first providing an acid-setting binder within a selected mold. Mixing with the binder an electrolyte to form a paste or slurry within the mold. Subjecting the paste or slurry mixture to electrolysis for a selected period of time or until the binder is sufficiently hardened whereby a hardened article is produced. Finally, removing the produced article from the mold.

Abstract: A process for the continuous production of a calcined product containing a high level of reactive oxide valves, from a preheated raw material containing calcium carbonate values, said process comprising,(a) introducing the preheated raw material to the bottom of a generally vertically oriented gas suspension calcining furnace, whereby said preheated raw material is thereafter suspended in an ascending stream of heated gas to thereby pass vertically upwardly through the gas suspension calcining furnace;(b) passing the ascending gas stream through a plurality of burners, into which fuel and air are injected, that are vertically spaced from each other, in the gas suspension furnace, at a number of levels in the flow direction of the heated gas, and(c) collecting the calcined product.

Abstract: Dry castable concrete compositions having improved strength and resistance to aggressive chemicals are provided. The compositions comprise water, hydraulic cement, fine and coarse aggregate, and condensed silica fume, wherein the weight ratio of condensed silica fume to hydraulic cement is about 0.10 to 0.25, the water to cement weight ratio is about 0.18 to 0.33, and the mix has a slump of about 1/2 inch or less. Also provided is a method of preparing the dry castable compositions using aqueous condensed silica fume slurries and a method of dry casting the compositions.

Abstract: Process for making a cement mixture containing fibers wherein a paste is formed by mixing cement and, per 100 parts by weight of cement, approximately 5 to 20 parts by weight of a first pulverized material of which the grains have an average diameter of between 1/5 and 1/10 of the average diameter of the grains of the cement and approximately 20 to 35 parts by weight of water. The paste is then mixed with reinforcing fibers. The paste may also include a second pulverized material the average grain diameter of which is between 1/5 and 1/10 of the average diameter of the first pulverized material. The invention further includes products made from a cement mixture manufactured according to one of the foregoing processes.

Abstract: A low cement castable refractory comprising 85 to 96% by weight of a calcined ultrafine bauxite aggregate characterized by a particle size of less than 10 um, 2 to 10% by weight of a suitable cement material, 0 to 8% of weight of a thixotropic agent and 0 to 2% by weight of suitable deflocculants and plasticizers, the cement material comprising calcium aluminate cement having an alumina content of 40 to 85% and the thixotropic agents being selected from those containing microfine silica, and/or reactive alumina, the inorganic deflocculants and plasticizers being selected from alkali phosphates, lignosulphonates or naphthalene sulphonates. A method of making a low cement castable refractory and installing a low cement castable refractory are also described.

Abstract: A composition for use as a road base or levee fill. The composition comprises catalytic cracking catalyst particles in the size range of 1 to 200 microns and a binder the type and amount of which depend on the end use. Hydrated lime is employed as the binder in road base construction while hydrated lime, portland cement, fly ash or mixtures of fly ash and portland cement can be used in levee construction. The spent catalyst particles are present in amounts of 80% to 96% and the binder is present in amounts of 4% to 20%, both percentage ranges being determined according to the dry weight of the composition.

Abstract: A base and subbase composition of quicklime and waste aggregate is disclosed, the composition having high strength and a high resilient modulus.

Abstract: An aqueous fluid for treating underground, carbon dioxide-containing formations penetrated by casing regions of a wellbore, prior to the cementing of casings into the wellbore, comprises: (i) water, (ii) an agent which substantially increases (preferably by at least about 50 percent) the solubility of lime in water, and (iii) lime in an amount at least about saturating the water in the fluid. The lime in the treatment fluid reacts with carbon dioxide in penetrated formations to produce insoluble calcium carbonate, which blocks pores in the formations. Insoluble calcium hydroxide, formed by reaction of the lime with the water in the treatment fluid, deposits as an insoluble filter cake on the walls of the borehole where the fluid penetrates formations. The calcium hydroxide filter cake may react with the carbon dioxide to form additional calcium carbonate which helps the filter cake form a tight, impermeable barrier at the borehole.