Abstract: A grate bar has a grate bar head, two side walls, a running surface behind the head and between the side walls and an underside disposed below the surface and between the side walls. A recess in one side wall forms an air slot between the surface and underside and is arranged only on one side wall, not in its opposite side wall. In a grate bar arrangement including multiple grate bars, each including a running surface and a grate bar head, in which an upper grate bar with grate bar head is moveably arranged relative to a lower grate bar so that the head may slide over front and rear grate bar running surface areas, the running surface has air slots in the front and rear areas and the head is displaceable relative to these slots so that the opening cross section of all slots remains constant.

Abstract: A grate block including a block body formed as a cast part with a rear end and a front end that lies opposite the rear end in the conveying direction. The block body includes an upper wall which forms an outer rear bearing surface, running at least in part parallel to a longitudinal axis of the block body, for the waste that is to be treated, wherein the bearing surface defines a substantially horizontal plane. The block body further includes a raised nose arranged in the region of front end, which nose has an outer front bearing surface with a middle part that rises in the manner of a ramp in the conveying direction. The raised nose includes, following the outer front bearing surface, an apex and, after the apex in the conveying direction, a declining end portion with a discharge surface that drops away in a substantially arcuate manner.

Abstract: The effective length of a control arm having manually alterable stops repositionable along is rendered automatically changeable by means of a solenoid movable strip arranged to be either pressed against the control arm or removed from contact with the control arm by operation of the automatically operated solenoid which may usually be operated by a change in the surrounding ambient temperature.

Abstract: A grate plate arrangement for stepped reciprocating grates includes a grate plate with a front plate fastened to a front wall in the direction of conveyance. The grate plate includes an adjustment plate being clamped between the front plate and the front wall of the grate plate for adjusting a motion gap between the front end of the grate plate and the following grate plate in the direction of conveyance which forms the next grate step. The adjustment plate is calibrated with the front plate still only loosely assembled, in its vertical position that forms the motion gap, and is held in this position by clamping the front plate.

Abstract: A method for improving a slag quality of slag in a grate firing system. The method includes providing slag in a grate firing system including a combustion chamber disposed above a combustion bed. The combustion bed has a plurality of fixed-bed burnout zones in series on a combustion grate. The fixed-bed burnout zones include a first series of fixed-bed burnout zones and a second fixed bed burn-out zone disposed downstream of the first series. The first series of fixed-bed burnout zones is traversed with a flow of oxygen-containing gas. A portion of the combustion bed associated with the second fixed bed burn-out zone is traversed with a flow of a hot combustion gas from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A conveyor grate for the transport and cooling of bulk material, for example cement clinker, comprises a grate floor having multiple planks (12), adjacently situated transverse to the direction of transport on associated support structures and operationally moved longitudinally relative to one another individually or in groups, with moving gaps (14) designed as blow openings situated therebetween, and a method for operating such a conveyor grate. The mutually facing side edges or side edge regions of two adjacent planks (12) form two complementary, mutually engaging profiles between which the moving gap (14) is formed. In the method according to the invention, at least a quantity of the cooling air is blown through the moving gaps (14) which is sufficient to blow the moving gaps (14) completely open.

Abstract: The invention includes a grate system for a boiler. The grate system includes a grate unit and a side header guard. The grate unit supports fuel during combustion thereof, and has an upper surface, a lower surface, and upturned lateral edges. The side header guard is arranged along a side wall of the boiler and has upwardly and downwardly projecting fin portions. The upwardly projecting fin portion is adapted and configured to extend over and protect the boiler side wall from abrasion by fuel. The downwardly projecting fin portion is adapted and configured to extend over the upturned lateral edge of the grate unit, inhibiting passage of fuel therebetween.

Abstract: A wood or other bio mass fueled appliance is disclosed for maximum efficiency and low cost construction for home, garage, workshop, and barn. Comprised of a vertical cylindrical outside shell (12) outside bottom (16) and outside top (14) enclosing an inside shell (24) inside bottom (28) and inside top (26). Inside shell (24) forming a vertical cylindrical chamber (36) accessed by load door (38) and ash door (40), through which disassembled baffles (32) may pass. A suitable means for igniting fuel in chamber (36) and controlling burn rate by draft regulators (42) and fan limit switches (52). Whereby circular baffles (32) elevated by 90° angle shaped supports (30) suppress the flow of flame and exhaust gases from entering flue (22). Exhaust gases and flame pass by gap (50), directing energy toward the inside surface of inside shell (24) inside bottom (28) and inside top (26).

Abstract: In apparatus and method for waste treatment by pyrolysis, treated waste is flushed through a grid (18) to trap recyclable material in the pyrolysis chamber (24). Pyrolysis is carried out at a temperature of from 400-700° C. and off-gases are dissolved in a solution in scrubber (13) for disposal in a water course. Water is introduced into the chamber as superheated steam via pipes (5) so as both to flush away treated material and clean the chamber. Recyclable waste is separated from non-recyclable by treating non-recyclable waste by pyrolysis, and flushing treated non-recyclable waste away through liquid exhaust (8). Apparatus is made as a modular, free-standing unit and comprises plugs for connection to an electricity supply, to a water supply, and to a sewerage system (16) and has a chamber with a volume in the range 0.01-0.5 m3.

Abstract: In one aspect, a grate segment for a burner, comprises a substantially rigid body (30) having a dispersed array of cavities (38) filled with a refractory material. In another aspect, a solid fuel gasifier includes a housing (12) defining a gasifier chamber (14), and a solid fuel inlet (21), grate structure (22, 24) in the gasifier chamber. The grate structure includes base means, a plurality of agitator segments (32) positioned relative to the base means for reciprocating movement to agitate a fuel load in the gasifier, and means to support the base means and the agitator segments so that the latter reciprocate in a direction at a substantial inclination to both horizontal and vertical. In use of the gasifier a deep burden of fuel accumulates on the grate structure and the outward stroke of the reciprocation of the agitator elements is in the overall direction of flow of the fuel burden or generally oppositely thereto.

Abstract: An improved mass fuel combustion system can be designed in a variety of embodiments and alternatives, including designs which include independent gas feeds, independent gas pulsing, independently controllable vibration systems and an overall control system which can coordinate a host of parameters for optimal combustion. One design includes overlapping grate elements (50) through which combustion gas is introduced and may include apertures to introduce a pulsed mix gas as well as a separate temperature control gas. Efficient poppet designs (44) can be used to provide an economical and efficient combustion system.

Abstract: An extended life traveling grate side plate having a heat transfer opening formed in a front portion of the side plate. The side plates are attached to the lateral side surfaces of each chain in a traveling grate conveyor. The front portion of each side plate overlaps the back portion of the preceding side plate such that the back portion of each side plate is covered and prevented from radiating heat away from the side plate. The heat transfer opening formed in the front portion of each side plate facilitates greater heat transfer from the overlapped area of the side plate. The front portion of the side plate is generally planar and does not include any gussets, thereby eliminating the heat transfer properties of the gussets and creating a more uniform thermal expansion of the side plate.

Abstract: A combustion enhancing member employed with a stoker combustion system is disposed on the grate of the stoker and includes at least one chamber. The chamber has at least one fluid inlet for receiving a combustion enhancing fluid and a plurality of fluid outlets for distributing the fluid to the bed of fuel moving along the grate of a stoker combustion system, thereby increasing the burning efficiency of the stoker.

Abstract: The furnace with liquid-cooled grate elements has an inflow and a return to these grate elements, the inflow and the return being connected to a condensation device open to the atmosphere. The inflow has arranged in it a U-shaped cooling-liquid seal, one leg of which has a liquid head which corresponds to an arbitrarily selected maximum pressure. The other, shorter leg is connected to a central distributor for the individual grate elements of the grate stages. The distance between the lowest point of the coolant flow of the lowest grate element and the upper point of the shorter leg corresponds to a selectable safety height amount which generates a pressure which counteracts the spread of steam bubbles occurring in the grate elements, so as to prevent a reversal in the direction of flow of the coolant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a grate for incineration plants for the incineration of combustible material, in particular refuse, comprising at least one grate track, which is composed of fixed and movable grate-lining rows, which are arranged alternately in the direction of flow of the combustible material and have a number of grate-lining units lying side by side, the grate-lining units being connected in the region of their rear end to fixed and movable grate-lining carriers respectively and moving with their front end on or over the following grate-lining unit, and a drive being assigned to the movable grate-lining units, which drive has a torsion bar led out of the underblast region.

Abstract: A fire grate assembly for stoker incinerators. A plurality of stationary and movable grate members are alternately arranged in the assembly. The assembly also has a preventing member, such as a liner plate, which is detachably mounted to an end of each of the movable grate members for preventing the stationary grate members and the movable grate members from directly contacting each other, while allowing the movable grate members to be linearly movable relative to the stationary grate members. The preventing member is replaceable and can have a countersunk hole, thus being adapted for bolting the end of each of the movable grate members.

Abstract: A water-coolable grate plate including a top surface, oppositely disposed sides and at least one cooling channel which is thermally connected to the top surface. The cooling channel connects a first coolant port, which is substantially centered between the sides of the grate plate, to a second coolant port, which is positioned at a distance from the first coolant port.

Abstract: A combustion grate has fire bars which have whole or partial cooling by gas or fluid use via a closed regulating circuit. Lines which conduct the fluid or gas have thermal expansion capability. In particular, windings are provided in the shape of a helical spring. The fire bars have corrugated exchangers and can be replaceable rods.

Abstract: An integral water-cooled, air permeated, vibrating grate system for combusting biomass and other fuels in a boiler includes a grate top surface having air-flow apertures extending therethrough. The grate top surface is supported by a plurality of water-cooling pipes which arc coupled to a water supply. An enclosed air plenum unit is positioned under and attached directly to the grate top surface. The air plenum unit is coupled to an air supply for providing combustion air through the top grate surface air-flow apertures. The air plenum unit includes multiple zones, each of which zones has an associated air flow control damper so that the flow of combustion air can be controlled. Ash siftings formed on the grate top surface when the biomass or other fuel is combusted fall into the air plenum unit and flow toward at least one ash-siftings discharge opening at a discharge end of the air plenum when the grate top surface and the air plenum is vibrated.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus for use as a grate clip on a traveling stoker grate assembly in a furnace or incinerator. The grate clip apparatus includes a sloping profile along a significant portion of its underside so as to prevent the build-up of ash, fuel and metallic deposits on the grate clip as it traverses a return loop.

Abstract: A water-cooled firing grate made up of grate bar blocks extending over the width of the grate and each having a plurality of grate bars mounted on a grate bar carrier and interconnected by connecting pieces communicating between meandering shaped channels in the grate bar and a pair of end pieces forming an inlet and an outlet at the outer boundaries of the block and connected to an inlet and an outlet for the cooling water. The pieces are so fixed to the bars that they maintain a clearance between the bars of 1 to 1.5 mm.

Abstract: A grate for a firing plant, having at least one grate track with a plurality of fixed and moving rows of grate-lining units, which rows alternate in the longitudinal direction, are bounded on both sides by side walls and are provided with cooling passages as well as with feed and discharge lines. The grate-lining units are connected at their rear end to a fixed or movable grate-lining bearer and rest with their front end on the following grate-lining unit, and the cooling passages being arranged essentially transversely to the longitudinal direction of the grate. The cooling passages are tubes arranged in a meander shape and integrally cast in the grate-lining units and whose spacing is adapted to the thermal loading on the grate-lining units. The tube spacing preferably decreases from the rear end to the front end of the grate-lining unit.

Abstract: The grate element (1, 2) is made in three pieces in the sample embodiment, and consists of a central main part (10) and two side parts (11, 12) attached thereto. The main part (10) is pierced by parallel straight-line bores, which form the straight-line conduit sections. These straight-line conduit sections (13) are flow-connected with reversers (14) in the respective side parts (11, 12). The inlet (15) for the coolant fluid is located in the rear part of the grate element, whereas the outlet (16) is located in the head area (7) of the grate element. In the outlet (16) there is a temperature probe (17) for monitoring the temperature of the coolant fluid. The grate element head (7) has recesses (18) in its foot (8) which open downward, serving as air escape orifices for the primary air, which is supplied from beneath.

Abstract: A fuel-conveying incineration grate has grate beams (1) for extending in a longitudinal direction obliquely downward in the longitudinal direction. The grate beams (1) have first surfaces (4) on first sides of the grate beams (1) stepped downwardly in said direction for receiving fuel, opposite surfaces on opposite sides of the grate beams (1), and lateral surfaces (3) sealingly closely adjacent to each other across widths of the grate beams (1) substantially along full lengths of the grate beams (1) in the longitudinal direction. The grate beams (1)relatively reciprocate in the longitudinal direction for conveyting the fuel thereon. At least two longitudinally extending ducts (6, 7) are in thermal communication with the opposite sides of the grate beams (1) for a heat-transmission medium. Connecting points (12, 13) at least at one end of the grate beams (1) provide for flow of the heat-transmission medium at least one of towards and away form the ducts (6, 7).

Abstract: The grate for a firing system has at least one rate conveyor having a plurality of fixed bar rows and moving bar rows alternating in the longitudinal direction, which are limited on both sides by side walls and which are composed of water-cooled grate plates (3; 4). These grate plates are provided with a multiplicity of orifices or slits (8) , arranged in groups, for the supply of primary air and are each pivotably connected respectively to a fixed and a movable grate plate carrier (6) in the region of their rear end and rest with their front end on the adjacent grate plate. In order to cool optimally the grate plates (3; 4) subjected to high thermal stress, there are provided, on the underside of the grate plate, at least in some grate plates, cooling ducts (9) which are located between the orifices or slits (8) , these cooling ducts being formed, on the one hand, by the grate plate itself and, on the other hand, by hollow profiles (10) attached to the grate plate.

Abstract: Fluid-cooled grate bars and grates for use in a combustion furnace such as a garbage incineration plant and a process for cooling the grate bars and grates. The grate bar has a duct defined therewithin for guiding a coolant supplied by a fluid-cooling apparatus. The primary coolant is preferably water. Steam formation is prevented by pressurizing the water. Additional or replacement coolant such, for example, as air may be employed for the grate bars and grates.

Abstract: An assembly for feeding refuse from a charging chute of an incinerator onto a stoker disposed in the incinerator comprising a stationary support means disposed adjacent the stoker, stationary guide means mounted on the support means in alignment with the stoker, a first movable support means mounted on the stationary support means, movable along a line of travel disposed in alignment with the stoker and having a first ram means operable to advance refuse received from the charging chute toward the stoker upon advancement of the first movable support means, a second movable support means mounted on the first movable support means, movable along the line of travel and having a second ram means operable to advance refuse received from the charging chute toward the stoker upon advancement of the second movable means, means for displacing the first movable means along the line of travel, and the first movable means having means for engaging the second movable means whereby upon advancement of the first movable mea

Abstract: A fluid heater for a non-mixing blower combustion system comprises a flame holder including an igniter positioned at the region of highest gas-air concentration and an insert positioned in the lower portion of the flame holder to create a gas-air distribution along the length of the flame holder favorable to reliable ignition. The gas is ignited without creating an audible sound by assuring early ignition of the greatest concentration of the air fuel mixture. Also, the temperature of the exhaust gas from the heater is sufficiently high to prevent corrosive condensates from forming in the exhaust pipes. To prevent flashbacks in the air supply line, which could destroy the blower and associated duct work, the gas pressure is constantly monitored. If air flow does not occur, the gas supply line valve is closed to avoid flow of unburned gas outside the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A bio-mass burner construction for alternate fuels at temperatures from about 1,800 degrees F. to about 2,800 degrees F. to replace oil and gas burners. The burner utilizes a first burning chamber having a falling fuel, entrained bed zone positioned above a traveling grate having a porous metallic woven belt. Primary air is directed through the porous belt to establish an oxygen-starved first burning chamber. A second burning chamber in fluid communication with the first burning chamber, but having a restricted diameter, effectively provides a hot air gas nozzle. The second burning chamber receives a superheated secondary air source from cored apertures in interfitting refractory block members which provide a refractory lining for a portion of the first burning chamber and receive heat from the first burning chamber to heat the secondary air.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a rotary grate for a solid fuel fired furnace which allows ash, cinders and clinkers to be removed from the burning fuel mass, without reducing or stopping the combustion process. A plurality of parallel water cooled rolls supports the burning fuel mass. The rolls are grouped into pairs of rolls, each pair of rolls having a drive roll and a driven roll. Each pair of rolls are geared together such that rotation of the drive roll simultaneously rotates the driven roll. Each roll has a plurality of protrusions about the circumference thereof, spaced down the length of the roll. The protrusions pass, during rotation of the rolls, the protrusions on adjacent rolls in non-contacting relationship to crush any cinders, clinkers or other tramp material. This action allows ash and the crushed material to pass between the rolls to an ash collection area beneath the rolls. Each of the drive rolls are rotated by a reversible drive mechanism which incrementally rotates the rolls.

Abstract: A furnace grate structure for a furnace or incinerator on which solid fuel advances in an advancing direction has at least two parallel grate beams extending substantially transversely to the advancing direction, the beams being mounted on a substructure and forming upwardly facing support structures. The grate beams form grate beam sections with gaps formed between the end surfaces of adjacent grate beam sections. The gaps are covered by a covering device and a recess is provided in the end surfaces of the grate beam sections to receive the covering device.

Abstract: A hearth grate comprises a succession of transverse bars which are alternately fixed and movable with a reciprocating movement, said bars being formed by disposing in side-by-side relationship at vertical lateral faces elements which are generally rectangular, with a projection portion at the junction of a frontal face and a dorsal face and in the dorsal face blowing orifices opening in said projection portion.The elements are held by the insertion into openings provided in the frontal faces of limbs of a fastener. The fastener comprises a transverse portion which is disposed in set-back relationship with respect to the frontal faces. Plate portions are welded over the openings to retain the fastener.

Abstract: An automatic stoker boiler has a heat transfer compartment above a combustion chamber which is divided by a horizontal partition inclined upwardly from the rear end of the boiler towards but terminating short of the front end thereof to provide a restricted port between the thus established upper and lower portions. An endless link belt establishes the lower portion of the combustion chamber and hot gas conduits extend from the upper portion through the heat transfer compartment to the exhaust and which is provided with a draft inducing fan and adjustable damper. Underfire air under the control of an adjustable damper is introduced into the lower portion of the combustion chamber upwardly through the belt and air jets are delivered into the combustion chamber through the front end both above and below the port. A standby fluid fuel burner is located in the rear end of the upper chamber portion.

Abstract: A fire grate is adapted to support a combustible mass. It is inclined longitudinally from a feed end at which it receives the combustible mass to a discharge end. It comprises a plurality of elements disposed in transverse rows alternately fixed and mobile. Each element is rectangular in plan and has a top side and a bottom side, openings by means of which the top side and the bottom side communicate, and a generally transversely oriented front protuberance on the top side in the vicinity of its transverse edge at the feed end. All the openings are in a dorsal surface of the front protuberance facing the discharge end.

Abstract: An improvement for use in a mechanical stoker with a coal stove is disclosed. The improvement device is used with a stoker, generally including a hopper, operatively connected to a small stove having a fire box forming an ash pit. The fire box, through its sides sloping downward from the hopper, supports a ramp. The lower portion of the ramp is a perforated fire grate, while the upper portion is a plate that extends through the hopper bottom and into the stove. A fan effecting a forced draft through the grate is operatively connected to a fan motor. The improvement comprises a wiper bar which overlies generally the width of the plate. The wiper bar oscillates about the longitudinal center line of the plate to feed coal or other solid fuels from the hopper onto the grate. The oscillation of the wiper bar is effected by eccentric connection to a gear motor.

Abstract: A furnace grate structure for a furnace or incinerator on which solid fuel advances in an advancing direction has at least two parallel grate beams extending substantially transversely to the advancing direction, the beams being mounted on a substructure and forming upwardly facing support surfaces. A bank of elongated grate bars which extend substantially parallel to the advancing direction are supported on the upwardly facing support surfaces, and are spaced from each other. Each of the grate beams comprises a plurality of sections arranged end to end so that the length of the grate beams can be varied simply by changing the number of sections.

Abstract: An inclined furnace grate for an industrial furnace or incinerator with transverse grate beams supporting a downwardly stepped succession of banks of stationary and reciprocating grate bars, the grate beams having arranged in their supporting surfaces removable bearing pads of abrasion-resistant, alloyed cast iron for the sliding support and lateral positioning of the reciprocating grate bars, thereby protecting the softer cast iron grate beams against sliding wear and abrasion. The removable bearing pads are received inside shallow recessed seats and retained in place by the adjacent stationary grate bars.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a step type stoker with an oscillation mechanism having: a plurality of stoker frames (2 and 2') which are installed at an interval in the upstream to downstream direction, and at least one of which forms an air supply path (5); reciprocating fire grates (3) each of which is formed with a plurality of fire grate members (8) installed in a step-like manner on a groove-shaped frame (7) equipped with an air path (6) which is in communication with the aforementioned air supply path (5) at all times; and fixed fire grates (4) each of which is formed with a plurality of fire grate members 8 installed in a step-like manner on a groove-shaped frame (7) equipped with an air path (6) which is in communication with the aforementioned air supply path (5) at all times. The fixed fire grates are arranged to be adjacent to and parallel with the aforementioned movable fire grates (3), but are fixed on the aforementioned stoker frames (2 and 2').

Abstract: A grate for industrial furnaces wherein pairs of stationary grate bars flank movable grate bars. The grate bars of each pair are connected to each other by an elongated coupling device which extends through one or more elongated slots of the movable grate bar between them. The coupling device has two bolts whose heads are pivotably anchored in the downwardly extending ribs of the stationary bars and an internally threaded sleeve which is located between the slots in two downwardly extending ribs of the movable grate bar and meshes with the shanks of the two bolts. The shanks have oppositely inclined threads and the sleeve is held in the selected position by a lock nut.

Abstract: An improvement for use in a coal stoker is disclosed. The improvement device is used with a common stoker generally including a hopper operatively connected to and aligned with a base box forming an ash pit. The base box, through its sides sloping downward from the hopper, supports a ramp. The lower part of the ramp is a perforated fire grate while the upper section is a plate that extends through the hopper bottom. A fan effecting a forced draft through the grate is operatively connected to a motor. The improvement comprises a linear reciprocation action carpet that overlies generally the length and width of the plate. The carpet's movement is effected by its connection to the motor. When coal is fed into the hopper and the movable carpet is activated by the motor, the carpet will move in a linear reciprocating direction. The coal falling on the carpet from the hopper will continually advance in an even flow from the carpet's leading edge onto the perforated grate.

Abstract: A drum-shaped grate of an incinerator includes a plurality of cylindrical drums, the grate covering of which is formed of a plurality of suspended middle grate bars which are combined in segments and arrested by fixed grate bars. The adjacent grate bars in the circular direction are suspended on bar carriers and the lateral faces of each two adjacent grate bars are spaced from each other by spacers. The surfaces of the spacers positioned between each two adjacent grate bars and abutting against each other are flat and smooth. Due to a possible relative displacement of the middle grate bars in their longitudinal direction owing to the placing of the spacers between the adjacent bars a clogging of the air slots formed between the grate bars would be prevented.

Abstract: A stepped grate for an incinerator plant consists of grate blocks (1) placed adjacent in rows, and placed in succession in the travelling direction of the refuse and garbage resting on parallel placed grate beams (9), where every second row of grate blocks (1) is adapted to make a reciprocating movement, whereas the intermediary rows of grate blocks are stationary. The movable and the stationary rows of grate blocks (1) are placed in staggered position in the travelling direction of the garbage at a distance corresponding to half the length of a grate block, the one type of rows being terminated with half grate blocks (8). Preferably, it is the stationary row that is terminated with half blocks (8). The displacement of the rows of grate blocks removes the danger of blocking the movable row of grate blocks caused by collision between the front edge of a grate block from the movable row and the rear edge of a grate block from the stationary row.

Abstract: A new and improved reciprocating grate system for furnaces and incinerators wherein the system is advantageously constructed to accomplish a variety of objectives. Adjacent flights of adjacent portions of the composite grate structure reciprocate back and forth and the speed and stroke of such reciprocation can be ganged, coupled, or independently controlled. The individual grates themselves are advantageously configured for suitable spreading and air mixture relative to debris advancement. Air seals are provided and batch feed is accommodated. Grate frame reciprocation is accommodated by fluid control means, either hydraulic or pneumatic, and features are provided for enabling appropriate adjustment both of drive and stroke of related individual components.

Abstract: A fire grate for a combustion furnace having a pair of parallel spaced apart frame walls and a plurality of alternately arranged stationary and movable grate bars extending between and secured to the frame walls. The grate bars are formed of a plurality of grate members wherein at least two neighboring grate members are connected together by means of a removably secured clamping element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a push grid comprising grid panels which overlap one another and which are alternately fixed and reciprocable longitudinally of the push grid; grid panel supports provided with a slot-like opening for holding the grid panels; tie members which project through the slot-like opening in the grid panel supports and which, at one end, engage in the associated grid panel; and spring elements arranged between the other end of the tie members and a web of the grid panel supports accommodating the slot-like opening for biassing the connection between the grid panels and the grid panel supports.

Abstract: A stepped grate-type cooler of the type employing a plurality of spaced grate plate carriers, alternate carriers being stationary and the carriers positioned between the stationary carriers being reciprocable relative thereto. Each of the grate plate carriers includes transversely extending carrier beams with carrier fingers extending therefrom. A plurality of grate plates is carried by each of the carrier fingers, and the clearance between the stationary carrier beam and a reciprocable carrier beam is greater than the width of each of the grate plates in a region extending from the mid position of the reciprocable carriers to either extreme end of the reciprocation travel of the carriers. With this type of structure, it is considerably more convenient to remove individual grate plates since this can be accomplished from the bottom rather than going through the hot gases in the cooler.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the burning of a solid fuel furnace is disclosed. In a furnace having a burning chamber, a fuel supply mechanism in the form of a rotating grate, a fuel discharge mechanism in the form of a rotating grate located adjacent the rotating grate of the fuel supply mechanism and at least one air blower, the present invention supplies a control mechanism for controlling the operation of the fuel supply and discharge mechanism as well as the blowers in such a manner that fuel is supplied and discharged in an optimum manner. The control mechanism senses the temperature of the combustion gases and the temperature of the load being heated by the furnace. If the temperature of the load is below a predetermined level and a first time period T.sub.1 has not passed since a preceding fuel supply and discharge, the fans are activated but a fuel supply and discharge cycle is not. If the time of the sensing of the low load temperature is below the time T.sub.

Abstract: A screw-conveyor or auger feed and associated leveling system for underfeed stoker troughs receiving particulate, cominuted, or chunk material, such as "green" coal, by way of example, this for assuring a uniformly rising level of material relative to the trough. The stoker structure herein includes combustion beds which are air perforate and kept this way through periodically rising members such as tuyeres which shear or break up clinker-formation on such beds. A pneumatically-operated system may preferably be used to actuate such movable tuyeres relative to such combustion beds. Combustion air flows through the combustion beds upwardly but not over the trough; hot gasses rising rapidly from the combustion beds confine volatiles gently rising vertically from the cone within the trough for complete combustion, essentially eliminating smoke-production thereat.

Abstract: A boiler control system for boilers fired by solid fuels wherein the fuels are carried through the combustion zone of the boiler on a traveling grate and wherein the air flow for combustion as supplied to the undergrate region utilizes a control of the fuel rate from a deviation of the outlet pressure from the desired value with the control of the air flow to the undergrate region maintained generally in proportion to the steam flow from the boiler with the proportionality being biased from the deviation of the outlet pressure from its desired value.

Abstract: Grate bars for the support of floor plates over which combustible material is advanced through a combustion furnace, in which the grate bars are in the form of elongate members arranged in side-by-side relation with alternate bars being movable endwise with means for vertical movement relative to adjacent stationary bars to define walking beams for advancement of the material through the furnace, in which the grate bars are formed of the three elongated rod-like members in triangular arrangement and interconnected by longitudinally spaced bulkheads which support the floor plates.