Abstract: The apparatus is capable of coating thin objects, such as wires, optical fibers, and the like, with fluids such as enamels, photoresist primers, photoresists, and the like. The apparatus is configured so that the area over which the object is coated and the thickness of the coating can be adjusted. The coating is applied in a reproducible manner. The coating is applied without damaging the articles, such as thin wires and optical fibers having diameters on the order of about 5 to 50 micrometers.

Abstract: A constant level slurry tank system suitable for use in coating investment casting wax patterns with a ceramic shell by repeated dipping in the slurry. The system comprises a rotating drum, a slurry reservoir and a fixed trough surrounding the drum. The drum has four openings at the desired slurry level, which open into the trough, and two paddles 19 which sweep the trough. A pump constantly pumps slurry from the reservoir into the drum. When the slurry reaches the desired level, excess slurry overflows into the trough via the openings and is swept by the paddles to a trough outlet which leads back to the reservoir.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically pretreating and paraffining biological specimens in a single vessel for the preparation of specimen blocks to be microtomed into thin slices for microscopical study. A rotary selector valve assembly with a built-in gate valve placed a plurality of reagent vessels, containing various reagents including molten paraffin, in and out of communication with the processing vessel in a prescribed sequence. An air pump coacts with directional control valves to evacuate the processing vessel for drawing the successive reagents into same via the rotary selector valve assembly and to deliver gas under pressure into the vessel for the discharge of the reagents therefrom back into the respective reagent vessels. For automating the apparatus a level sensor is provided to the processing vessel in order to close the gate valve and to set the pump out of operation whenever a reagent is drawn into the processing vessel to a predetermined level.

Abstract: Articles such as printed wiring board substrates (10) often having hundreds of tiny through-bores are coated with particles (76) in fluidization apparatus (55). Such apparatus (55) includes a base (56) having a frame (61) to receive reciprocation forces applied to an arm (65) and to transmit the same to a fluid bed assembly (68). Assembly (68) includes a plenum (71) for distributing gas, a holder (75) for a bed of particles made fluid-like by gas diffusing therethrough and columns (69) for supporting a work chamber (85). Connected to the bed assembly (68) is the chamber (85) having sidewalls (86-89) formed sufficiently strong to uniformly distribute horizontal vibratory forces thereover. Vibrators (91 and 92) are mounted to opposing sidewalls (88 and 89), respectively, to apply horizontal forces against such sidewalls and gases therebetween.

Abstract: A holder holding capacitor elements is transported by a conveyor and brought into an electrolyte impregnating tank, which is then closed up by a cover which is secured to a carrier movable laterally by a linkage and is moved vertically by a swingable link. A vacuum pump is operated to vacuumize the electrolyte impregnating tank, and then an electrolyte to supplying circuit is operated to supply the electrolyte into the tank of a predetermined vacuum, so that the capacitor elements may be impregnated with the electrolyte by the minus pressure of vacuum. An absorbing device with a pump is operated to absorb the extra electrolyte around the capacitor elements which are placed in the device.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing pile articles having complicated and high color tone and structure, such as artificial furs, writing brushes, brushes, etc. comprises a rotating body to which a pile article is fixed and which is rotated together with the pile article whereby centrifugal force is applied to the piles, a rotary container wherein at least one treating liquid for the above described piles is retained and at least one inner interface of the treating liquid is formed owing to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation to contact the piles with the treating liquid, and a feeding portion from which the treating liquid is fed into the rotary container and a discharging portion from which the treating liquid is discharged.

Abstract: A method of liquid phase epitaxy is disclosed for growing a plurality of different layers on each of a plurality of semiconductor wafers during a single heating cycle. Each of a series of melts, each corresponding to a layer to be grown, is divided, in succession, into aliquant portions and a remainder portion. Each aliquant portion is contacted by one or more wafers, and epitaxial growth occurs as the temperature is lowered. Provision of a remainder portion enables a two-phase melt, and a wafer contacts only one distinct melt at a time.After a growth step, the next successive melt likewise is separated into aliquant portions and a remainder portion, the wafers are removed from the preceding melt chambers and placed in contact with the newly formed aliquant portions, and growth of another layer ensues from another drop in temperature. The process is repeated for each melt provided.Apparatus for carrying out the method also is described.

Abstract: An apparatus for substantially eliminating excessive edge growth in liquid phase epitaxy utilizing a substrate carrier 11 and a source material carrier 13 slidable over the substrate carrier 11 including a well 24 around a recess 14 in the substrate carrier 11 wherein the substrate 16 is held. The well 24 contains a material therein which reduces the heat loss from the edges of the substrate 16 held in the recess 14 thereby reducing excessive epitaxial growth around the edges of the substrate 16.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a recombinant lead acid battery includes placing two or more cell packs in a battery container and then loading the container into a frame mounted on a rotary capstan. The container is transferred to a moulding station and the plate straps and intercell connectors are moulded around the plate lugs. The container is then transferred to a coating station and the intercell connectors are dipped while still hot into a fluidized bed of epoxy resin particles. The particles adhere to the intercell connectors and are cured by their heat thereby forming an impervious layer around them. This layer acts as an electrolyte creepage barrier and prevents the surface of the intercell connectors acting as an electrolyte path for intercell ionic leakage.

Abstract: A boat for the epitaxial growth of several layers on a substrate includes reservoirs present over a slide in the boat, as well as substrates on a base plate in the boat. A fixedly arranged plate is placed between the base plate and the slide, which fixedly arranged plate and slide include communication windows for liquid solutions in the reservoirs to act on the substrates. Applications of this invention are epitaxial growth of several layers in general, and in particular, the manufacture of plates for opto-electronic semiconnector devices.

Abstract: A device for rendering cables such as electric cables, telecommunication cables, optical cables, longitudinally watertight by the block-wise application of a sealing compound into the cable core by means of an intermittently displaceable nozzle which is periodically displaced by a driving element, the speed of the driving element being synchronized with the linear speed of the cable core.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying an epoxy glue, solder paste or a similar material to the surface of a planar circuit chip, such as a silicon integrated circuit chip. Positioned just above the liquid epoxy in the bath is a fine mesh, stainless steel screen clamped at its periphery and having supported thereover a leveling paddle with a micrometer adjustment rotatable relative to the bath itself for smoothing the material over the screen surface. After this smoothing or leveling operation, the chip, usually held by a vacuum chuck, is pressed against the screen into the epoxy with the screen functioning as a resilient means enabling the chip to be withdrawn therefrom with uniform deposition of material applied to the undersurface thereof. The apparatus may also have a spongy material such as polyurethane or a sponge neoprene rubber under the screen to enhance chip removal.

Abstract: A boat for use in the epitaxial crystal growth of two layers on multiple substrates includes a structure where the substrates are located in a cavity in a support layer of the crucible structure, and a slide layer having two reservoirs is provided thereover. The two reservoirs contain the respective liquid solution for the two epitaxial layers to be provided, and the two reservoirs are respectively provided with the slide layer being the bottom layer of one reservoir and a removable sealing element being the bottom layer of the other reservoir. Upon moving the slide layer over the bottom supporting layer, the multiple substrates in the cavity are provided with liquid solutions to obtain epitaxial growth.

Abstract: A liquid-phase epitaxial growth device has a reservoir holder (1), a slider (14) movably mounted below the reservoir holder to enable each reservoir (2, 3, 4, 5) to be selectively uncovered so as to allow semiconductor melt in each reservoir to pass through each aperture (15, 16, 17, 18) in the slider, a movable substrate holder (22) for receiving one or more semiconductor substrates (25, 26) that are placeable below each aperture, and a member (19) for receiving semiconductor melt from each aperture when it is uncovered by movement of the substrate holder. A locking mechanism (30, 31, 32, and 33) enables the slider to be locked to the reservoir holder at one or more substantially fixed positions.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for the staining of biological samples in which fluids of differing specific densities are successively introduced to the samples comprises a closed chamber to receive the samples for treatment, the chamber being provided with flow passages at the top and bottom and is in communication with an under pressure generating device so that fluids may be introduced into the chamber either from the top or the bottom depending upon whether a succeeding fluid is of lesser, or greater, specific density than the preceding fluid.

Abstract: Described is apparatus designed for applying enamel slip simultaneously to the internal and external surfaces of a pipe which includes a housing with a rod mounted centrally therein so that a clearance space is formed therebetween. That clearance space measures somewhat more than the thickness of the wall of the pipe under treatment which is to be moved in the clearance space, which is being filled with enamel slip. The clearance space between the housing and the rod measures at least 1.5 times the thickness of the pipe wall.In one of the embodiments of the invention, the housing and the rod are of cylindrical shape.The housing is provided with an enamel circulation system which includes a pump communicating with the housing and a reservoir via pipelines. The reservoir is filled with enamel slip and is provided with a thermoregulator.

Abstract: An apparatus for making semiconductor devices comprising a block having a slot hole for holding a semiconductor substrate therein, a solution container which has a predetermined number of holes to contain semiconductor solutions therein and is slidably disposed on said block, characterized in that said slot hole has walls having a considerable angle with respect to a horizontal plane and has a solution inlet at the top part of said slot hole and a solution outlet at the bottom part of said slot hole, and has a means to hold said substrate with its principal face substantially parallel to said walls.

Abstract: Apparatus for the quantity production of friction nuts prepared for subsequent fusion of thermoplastic resin particles deposited in thread grooves therein, in which the nuts are supported with their axes vertical, a fluid slurry of the particles in a liquid carrier is introduced into the threaded interior of the nuts to fill the threaded opening, including the thread grooves therein, either completely or to a predetermined level from the bottom of the nuts. Excess slurry is then drained from the bottom ends of the openings. The exterior of the nuts is washed or otherwise cleared of any slurry thereon. In order to leave the threads clear of obstruction at the bottom of the nut, the deposited slurry, after partially drying, is removed from the bottom thread convolutions by repeatedly inserting and withdrawing a sponge-like material directly into and out of the lower end of the thread opening, or by strongly agitating a small quantity of water in the lower part of the threaded opening, or otherwise.

Abstract: One side surface of a continuous metal strip is continuously brought into contacted with a surface of a molten metal bath. The surface of the molten metal bath is flowed to the directions departing from both edges of the strip by a linear induction motor dipped in the bath. A one side surface metal coated product having no deposition of a molten metal on the reverse surface is obtained by the method of the present invention.

Abstract: The surface treatment is carried out by employing an apparatus comprising a vessel and a holed container rotatably equipped in said vessel.Materials to be treated are filled into said holed container of said apparatus then treating liquids and/or washing liquids are charged in order into said holed container according to the treatment process and said holed container is driven to rotate thus treating liquids and/or washing liquids contact whole surface of said materials and the treatment is carried out. After the treatment, treating liquids and/or washing liquids are effectively removed from the surface of said materials by the centrifugal force accompanying with the rotation of said holed container.

Abstract: Apparatus for manufacturing epitaxial Ga.sub.1-x Al.sub.x As:Si films via liquid-phase epitaxy, using a boat in a quartz tube. The Ga, which is contained in a graphite boat, open at the long side, is baked out first. The Ga-melt is allowed to run onto GaAs substrate wafers, on which Si is deposited, and to be drawn into the gap between the GaAs-substrate wafers and the plane graphite surfaces. The thin Ga-melt formed above the GaAs substrate wafers is then brought into contact with the melted Al and is allowed to cool.

Abstract: Quantity production of friction nuts prepared for subsequent fusion of thermoplastic resin particles deposited in thread grooves therein, in which the nuts are supported with their axes vertical, a fluid slurry of the particles in a liquid carrier is introduced into the threaded interior of the nuts to fill the threaded opening, including the thread grooves therein, to a predetermined level from the bottom of the nuts. Excess slurry is then drained from the bottom ends of the openings. In order to leave the threads clear of obstruction at the bottom of the nut, the deposited slurry, after partially drying, is removed from the bottom thread convolutions by repeatedly inserting and withdrawing a sponge-like material directly into and out of the lower end of the thread opening, or by strongly agitating a small quantity of water in the lower part of the threaded opening.

Abstract: The invention relates to an experimental plant for the coating and drying of material in the form of webs with viscous liquids. The flat loop of web including its guide elements is displaced over one or more fixed casting apparatus and coupled so that the web including the casting apparatus during coating is mounted to be free from vibrations.

Abstract: Apparatus for coating articles with enamel slip comprises an evacuatable container 1, which is divided in a vertical plane into parts 2, 3, which are movable toward and away from each other. The articles 29 to be coated are suspended in a row from an endless conveyor track and are introduced into the container 1 when its parts 2, 3 have been moved apart to open the container 1. The container 1 is then closed. In the closed container, the suspension means are held between soft seals 12, 13 which cover the confronting edges of the container parts 2, 3. When the container 1 has been closed, the air contained therein is sucked off and slip is sucked into the container. As soon as the coating operation has been completed, the slip is drained from the container 1 and the latter is then opened and the coated article is removed.

Abstract: A reference electrode is rapidly automatically applied to the interior of tapered vitrified zirconia thimbles for an exhaust gas oxygen sensor. The coating is consistently smooth and predetermined in physical and electrical characteristics. In a specific example, a hollow elastomeric finger is nested within the thimble after dispensing a measured quantity of conductive ink into the thimble bottom. A gas jet applied to the ink from the finger lower end flows the conductive ink throughout a coating cavity below a shoulder in the finger after the ink quantity is substantially all applied to cavity walls, it no longer blocks a cavity vent, and allows the gas to flow freely through the cavity. Gas flow is then discontinued, and the finger withdrawn from the thimble.

Abstract: In certain manufacturing operations materials are deposited onto semiconductor wafers. For example, in liquid-phase epitaxial melt deposition, wafers are exposed to a melt having constituents identical to the wafer material. In the past this has been accomplished by individually sliding the wafers into the melt and/or sliding portions of melt onto the wafers. This sliding creates a high amount of friction which in turns generates particles which can contaminate the melt. Also, this friction limits the number of wafers that can be simultaneously processed by sliding techniques. To avoid this a movable melt reservoir 62 is located above stacked stationary wafers 44. Prior to deposition, the melt 68 in the reservoir is separated from the wafers 44 by offsetting an aperture 64 in the bottom of the reservoir 62 from a passageway 58 leading to the wafers 44.

Abstract: A white cap dipper apparatus for metal fence posts and a method of dipping such posts, wherein the apparatus includes a shuttle car having a tilt frame for removing posts in successive groups from horizontal flow path cables, successively elevating such posts and dipping the same, and then returning the posts to the cables in horizontal position. The car reciprocates back and forth in the dipping zone in such timed relation to the flow path and with such speed that while it creates a gap in the flow path, it does not interrupt the continuity of the flow.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed which simultaneously coats opposed lateral faces of shaped parts with an adhesive material. Such apparatus comprises conveying means for advancing the shaped part in an upright position along a predetermined path. First means are embodied for purposes of pressing the shaped part into firm engagement with the conveying means. A pair of spaced apart extrusion nozzles is envisioned with each one having a port laterally aligned to the other and being disposed on opposite sides of the advancing shaped part for applying adhesive material to each of the corresponding lateral faces of such shaped part. This apparatus envisions that the first means at least guides and maintains the shaped part in a centered position such that it can pass between the two extrusion nozzles. The first means serves to press the shaped part in a direction perpendicular to a line between the aligned extrusion nozzle ports.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the recovery of small plastic tissue sections described. A container having parallel sides is rotatably supported on its ends. Slides are placed in the container at an angle. The container is filled with a liquid and the histologic specimens are floated on the liquid within the receptacle. The container is then tilted so that the slides are horizontal and the sections are floating over the slides. A valve allows release of the liquid from the container into a trough. When the water level falls just below the level of the slides the valve is closed and the slides are removed for further processing.

Abstract: To provide an improved apparatus for, and method of, applying paint to an article, particularly where it is desired that only a portion of the article have the paint applied thereto, a pump continuously supplies the paint from a storage tank to a chamber while the apparatus is in operation, with the paint returning from the chamber to the storage tank by way of an overflow pipe provided by the chamber, thereby to maintain at a predetermined level the paint in the chamber and in an associated bath in which the article to be painted is mounted. While the overflow pipe is closed by a normally open valve a displacement member is moved in the chamber below the predetermined level thereby to displace the paint in the chamber and in the bath to a level above this predetermined level with resultant application of the paint to the article.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating timbers, such as railroad ties and the like, which comprises at least one pressure sealed tube or pipe filled with the treating fluid normally utilized for treating timbers, and of a size for receiving the timbers in sequential end-to-end relation for longitudinal movement therethrough. The timbers are initially loaded into the treating pipe through one end thereof from a movable tube containing a single timber therein, with the single timber being ejected from the movable tube into the treating tube by a suitable ram member, such as a hydraulic piston. As timber after timber is introduced into the fluid filled treating pipe, each timber pushes the preceding timber longitudinally through the pipe and the timbers absorb the treating fluid during the longitudinal passage through the filled pipe.

Abstract: A tank furnace comprises a first container containing a molten flux and connected with a hoisting mechanism, and a second container containing a molten coating metal. The second container is stationary mounted so as to be placed inside the first container when in its upper position. The mechanism for advancing articles into the coating zone is connected with a device for controlling the depth of immersion of the articles being coated. The first container is fitted with electrodes.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a horizontal receiving substrate having a resilient gasket extending over the top surface in a closed figure and spaced from the edge of the substrate. A movable cover member including an inverted shallow chamber is provided with a matching resilient gasket on the underside. Vacuum means are connected to the cover. Means are provided for moving the transport cover and substrate into opposing positions so that a porous panel is clamped with between the cover and the substrate gaskets to seal off the major surface portions of the top and bottom faces of the panel while leaving a peripheral region, including the edge, exposed. A tank containing a fluid medium is arranged to move up and around the substrate so that the fluid medium in the tank contacts the surface of the peripheral region of the panel to achieve impregnation. A vacuum is drawn on the cover chamber so that the fluid medium is drawn into the peripheral regions of the panel.

Abstract: The disclosure embraces a soldering apparatus which includes a vessel having an open top for containing a molten soldering material such as tin, a ladle having a scoop portion and a tank which is connected to the scoop by a pipe; the ladle is movable into and out of the vessel whereby the tank and scoop will become filled with the soldering material upon submergence of the ladle in the vessel; the tank has a selected dimension and lower height relative to the scoop so that the soldering material will form a meniscus bubble over its surface which will be free of slag or oxidation material to thereby present a clean soldering bath to the elements to be soldered when the tank is raised out of the soldering bath of the vessel.

Abstract: A self-propelled apparatus for uniformly dispensing a liquid insulated coating material on a telephone cable or the like adapted to be supported on and traversed over an elevated supporting cable to which the coaxial cable is secured. The apparatus includes a gasoline engine as a primary power source drivingly connected to a positive displacement hydraulic pump which provides pressurized liquid coating material to both a reversible hydraulic drive motor and a spray head. A hydraulic control system is disclosed for adjusting and controlling the operation of the apparatus. Manual spray means is further provided to facilitate the dispensing of liquid coating material on the cable.

Abstract: This specification disclosed a method of and apparatus for the application of sealant gasketing or protective material to a can end or to other container members in which a transfer head having a transfer face in the shape of the container member area to be covered by the sealant is covered with sealant and the container member brought into contact with at least the sealant on the transfer face to achieve transfer of the sealant to the container member. In one form the transfer head has a passage opening to the transfer face through which sealant is pumped to cover the transfer face. In another form the transfer head is arranged to be immersed in a tank of sealant to cover the transfer face with sealant.

Abstract: A flocking system including a cabinet supporting a substrate to be flocked and a flock tray, means for raising and lowering the flock tray into and out of contact with the substrate (such as a garment), and means for sealing the moving flock tray to the cabinet to prevent flock from getting into the cabinet to prevent contamination of the mechanics of the internal portion of the cabinet by flock. The flock tray includes a slowly rotating rotor for keeping the flock agitated, a telescoping shaft connecting the rotor to the motor, a flock tray holder for maintaining the seal with the cabinet, and a flock tray cover with one or more flocking masks with various size openings.

Abstract: An apparatus for dyeing and decolorizing a specimen carrier of, for example, paper film carrying a plurality of specimens such as blood serum to be analyzed which have been treated by means of an electrophoretic apparatus, comprising a mechanism for transporting and holding the specimen carrier, a dyeing trough containing a dyeing liquid agent, a decolorization trough containing a decolorization liquid agent, and a trough drive mechanism for successively moving the dyeing and decolorization troughs, whereby the troughs are respectively moved with respect to the specimen carrier held by the transporting and holding mechanism up to the position where the specimen carrier is dipped into the liquid agent.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying flock to a substrate, such as a garment, comprising a compact, portable, self-contained flocking machine in which the cabinet and flocking trays are non-metallic and are preferably wood and plastic, respectively, whereby the electric field from an electrode in the flocking tray to the metallic garment holding platen causes the flock to move in a straight, uniform, dense pattern from the flock tray to the garment. In addition, the high voltage electrode in the flock tray is not energized until the flock tray has moved up and made contact with the garment holding platen to prevent flock from coming up out of the tray while the tray is moving up and down and to prevent any risk of shock to the operator.

Abstract: A layer of plastics material is applied to at least one selected surface of a metal article by a method in which the article is heated and positioned in such a way that the selected surface or surfaces is or are lowermost; a table having an upper surface or surfaces carrying a layer of powdered plastics material, said carrier surface or surfaces of the table being of a shape and area such that the surface or surfaces will wholly underlie the selected surface or surfaces of the article, is raised upwardly beneath the article to urge said carrier surface or surfaces against the overlying selected surface or surfaces and so transfer powder from the carrier surface or surfaces to the selected surface or surfaces; and the powdered material adhering to the selected surface or surfaces is permitted or caused to coalesce and form a plastics layer on the or each surface.

Abstract: In order to eliminate non-uniformity in the temperature within the plane of a substrate that causes dispersions or variations in the characteristics of a grown layer during liquid phase epitaxial growth and to produce a grown layer having uniform characteristics, an apparatus for crystal growth according to the invention holds a substrate on a jig so that a flat surface of the substrate is arranged tangentially to an isothermal plane within the jig and aslant with respect to any position perpendicular or parallel to the axis or the center plane of the jig. Where a multiplicity of substrates are set, they are held on at least two flat surfaces which are tangential to an identical isothermal plane and which have different slopes.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating work pieces in a closed space having a collapsible material. The treatment utilizes a period of subpressure and a period of pressure, in which cavities in the pieces are more or less filled with liquid. Prior to this the cavities are wholly or partially filled with a surface-tension reducing gas and/or solution.

Abstract: A resonator dimensioned to be resonant along its longitudinal axis at a predetermined frequency of vibration includes a liquid retaining recess therein disposed at or near an antinodal region of longitudinal motion. An electroacoustic converter coupled to one end of the resonator renders the resonator resonant at its predetermined high frequency for activating a liquid, such as molten solder, disposed in the liquid retaining means to effect soldering a workpiece immersed in the liquid of the retaining means. Means move said resonator between a storage tank, whereat to charge said recess, and working position whereat to effect said workpiece treatment.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for providing a completely encircling coating of an organic polymeric material on a localized region of a glass container. At a coating station, a glass container is rotated through at least 360 degrees. During the rotation, a material application head furnishes fluid organic polymeric material to the surface of the localized region of the glass container which is to be coated. Stop members hold the application head a fixed distance from the localized region and determine the perimeters of the encircling coating and a doctoring edge of the application head helps form a uniform layer or coating of the organic polymeric material completely encircling the localized region.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a stack of receptacles, side-by-side relationship article holder, receptacle moving means, including a timing device, for automatically moving receptacles out of said stack, and holder moving means, including a timing device, for automatically advancing said holder towards and, after a predetermined time, withdrawing it from a receptacle moved out of the stack whereby an article carried by the holder may be immersed, for a predetermined time, in a fluid carried by said receptacle.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for applying a synthetic resin coating of predetermined thickness to various articles of different sizes and shapes from a relatively rapidly deteriorating solution of the resin in which an intermittently driven conveyor housed in a controlled atmosphere and suspending different article groups of like articles at spaced locations along the conveyor successively moves the articles from a loading station first to a cleaning station at which the articles are subjected to the action of an ultrasonic cleaner, then to a destaticizing station, then to a coating station at which a dip tank is rapidly raised to immerse the articles in the solution and is lowered at a controlled rate to provide a coating of the required thickness in a single operation, and finally through a precuring zone in which the coating dries tack-free to the loading station at which the coated precured articles can be removed.

Abstract: A method of and a device for the epitaxial deposition of a layer on a monocrystalline substrate from a material in the liquid state, in which during the deposition process apportioned quantities of a second material are added to the said material in the liquid state, a jig being used having a plurality of vertically spaced, fixed and slidable walls for controlling the addition. Application inter alia for the provision of semiconductor layers, for example, of material of the type A.sup.III B.sup.V, in particular from mixed crystals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electroless plating of a metal on a workpiece overcomes the problem of metal plating on solid particles suspended in the solution and on those parts of the plating apparatus in contact with the solution by maintaining a concentration of anticatalytic substance, such as lead ions, between about 10.sup.-.sup.6 and 10.sup..sup.-1 mols per liter and maintaining a relative speed of more than about 0.9 meter per second between the solution and those parts of the apparatus in contact with the solution.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating work pieces in a closed space having a collapsible material. The treatment utilizes a period of subpressure and a period of pressure, in which cavities in the pieces are more or less filled with liquid. Prior to this the cavities are wholly or partially filled with a surface-tension reducing gas and/or solution.