Abstract: An imaging material providing device of the present invention comprises: means for carrying imaging material particles charged to a first polarity, the imaging material carrying means having a portion formed of elastic material for holding the imaging material particles; means for receiving imaging material particles, the imaging material carrying means being disposed apart from the imaging material carrying means with a gap therebetween and being charged to a second polarity opposite to the first polarity so that the imaging material particles may be electrostatically attached onto the imaging material receiving means; means for elastically deforming the elastic portion of the carrying means, the imaging material particles being introduced into the gap when the deformed elastic portion is restored; and means for generating an electric field in the gap and electrostatically attracting the charged imaging material particles in a direction toward the imaging material receiving means.

Abstract: A developer material coating apparatus for electrostatically coating developer material on a support member in a developer material coating region to form a developer sheet, comprising a counter electrode roller for feeding the support member through the developer material coating region while carrying the support member thereof, a carry roller for triboelectrically charging the developer material and electrostatically supplying the charged developer material to the support member disposed in the developer material coating region, at least one array of electrodes arranged along the inner surface of the counter electrode roller and a control unit for selectively supplying said electrodes with a voltage having an opposite polarity to that of the charged developer material to thereby coat the developer material on a desired portion of the support member.

Abstract: An electrostatic flocking apparatus has a flocking chamber, an air flow producing device for supplying and discharging air into and out of the flocking chamber, a filter for allowing the air out of the flocking chamber, but preventing the fibers from being discharged out of the chamber, an air box at the bottom of the flocking chamber and having a perforated board or wire mesh, electrodes, power sources electrically connected to the electrodes, a support for supporting the workpiece and a conveyor for conveying the work into and out of the flocking chamber.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for controlling the width and improving edge thickness uniformity of a layer of coating material electrostatically deposited on a moving web surface. The apparatus preferably includes a coating applicator, a rotatably mounted web-supporting backing roll spaced therefrom and a source of electrical power coupled between applicator and backing roll for generating a coating material charging and transporting electrostatic field capable of transporting the charged coating material from the applicator to a web surface as the web moves between applicator and backing roll for web coating purposes. The apparatus additionally includes a pair of electrodes coupled to a source of electrical power and mounted in an opposed relation on opposite sides of the charged coating material moving between the coating applicator and the web surface spaced therefrom.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for applying two or more colors of paint by applying a first paint to at least part of a substrate, followed by a second and, if desired, further different-colored paints to different parts of the substrate and hardening the applied coats of paint by baking, which comprises applying the second and if desired the further different-colored paints without interim baking of the first paint to the preselected different parts of the substrate using electrostatic atomization at stationary atomizer edges involving transport of the paint particles in an electric field and, after the first and subsequent paints have been applied, hardening all coats of paint together by baking.

Abstract: A method of surface-treating a workpiece is described characterized in aping one or more short-duration electrical pulses to produce, for each pulse, a high amplitude short-duration electrical discharge between the workpiece, serving as an anode, and another material serving as a cathode, while the workpiece and cathode are in a vacuum ambient. The workpiece and cathode are spaced from each other by a gap which is less than the smallest dimension of the cathode in the plane therethrough parallel to the workpiece.

Abstract: A transfer unit includes a pair of guide and field stabilizer members disposed adjacent to a transfer member and along a conveying path for a transfer sheet. A voltage is applied to the stabilizer members which is of the same polarity as a bias voltage applied to the transfer member. It is assured that transfer sheet reliably contacts the pair of field stabilizer members as it passes therebetween.

Abstract: In an electronic copier provided with a light-sensitive medium, a charging station, an exposure station, a developing station, a transfer station and a fixing unit, the charging station includes a plurality of contact charging elements in contact with the light-sensitive medium and a voltage supply means for applying voltages to the contact charging elements. A voltage continuously rising in a predetermined period of time is supplied from the voltage supply means to the contact charging elements with the rotation of light-sensitive medium, and the light-sensitive medium is thus uniformly charged.

Abstract: A developing apparatus used to develop the latent image on the latent image holding body, which has a developing agent holding roller established in proximity or in contact with the latent image holding body and a developing agent supplying roller which supplies the developing agent to the developing agent holding roller. The developing agent supplying roller is arranged with a gap against the developing agent holding roller and to this gap an electric field is applied to deliver the developing agent from the one to the other.

Abstract: This invention relates to a retort type apparatus for ion-nitriding treatment which is so designed as to effect heating and nitriding of a workpiece at high thermal efficiency, with excellent uniformity and in a short time, by using both glow discharge and heat produced by a heating element.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for non-impact printing on a substrate is disclosed. The substrate is dried and one surface thereof is coated with a barrier material, after which a marking material immiscible with the barrier material is applied to that surface. An electric field generator which may be in the form of an array of electrical styli is positioned adjacent a second surface of the substrate, opposite the point of application of the marking material. Vacuum means may be used to promote contact between the substrate and the styli. Voltage selectively applied to the styli allows the marking material to displace the barrier material and wet the previously coated substrate surface, thereby forming a printed image.

Abstract: Migration imaging apparatus of the kind using a photoelectrophoretic dispersion and having an electrode moveable along an endless operative path past dispersion application and imaging zones features improved dispersion applicator structure comprising a flat-spray, atomizing nozzle adapted to form a uniform layer of dispersion on the electrode without imparting velocity perturbations to the moving electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method are provided for the fluidized bed electrostatic coating of workpieces, especially those of continuous length, such as metal wires. The apparatus includes a control grid spanning the plenum chamber and establishing an electrical effect by which deposits of improved uniformity can be produced at lower operating voltages.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method are provided for the fluidized bed electrostatic coating of workpieces, especially those of continuous length, such as metal wires. The apparatus includes a cloud control grid spanning the coating chamber, upon which may be impressed voltage and/or variable current effects, and which may be modified with depending horizontal conductors, to introduce additional cloud control capability.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in an electrostatic coating apparatus comprising a booth, air flow means, conveyor means and a powder spray gun, wherein the improvement comprises an endless conveyor belt and gaseous projection means for redirecting particles of coating material falling toward the floor to the articles to be coated and electrostatic means for recharging the particles.

Abstract: In this arrangement a circuit is provided for generating deflection voltages for the coloring material marking the insulation of electrical conductors as the electrical conductors are extruded which compensate for distortions in the shape of color ring insulation markings when large ring spaces or high conductor extrusion speeds are employed. Two spaced spray nozzles are used to provide two streams of color material. These nozzles are disposed on opposite sides of the extruded electrical conductor, each of the spray nozzles provide one half of the color rings. The deflection voltage consists of a rectangular waveform with a semicircular top portion. A high resistance potentiometer is connected between the two spray nozzles with the wiper of the potentiometer connected to a high DC voltage source. Adjustment of the wiper renders the amplitudes of the two streams of color material equal.

Abstract: A straining filter which has an opening at the highest point of the filter dome is inserted in the pipe which supplies the spray nozzles and is further connected to the opening of an additional pipe. Spray nozzles acted on by an electrical field supply colored marking rings to a cable or wire. The material to be sprayed is held in the storage tank and is transferred by a gear pump through a buffer vessel and into a pipe. Inserted in the pipe is a double walled straining filter whose outlet is connected to a pipe running to the spray nozzles, with a valve and a pressure gauge inserted between the straining filter and each spray nozzle. Any gas bubbles introduced into the straining filter with the color material gather at the highest point of the filter dome and are carried away therefrom.

Abstract: An electronic arrangement for generating, from a reference value proportional to the rate of movement, for example, from an a.c. voltage generated by a means of a tachometer generator, two a.c. voltages which can be shifted in phase with respect to each other by a constant frequency-independent amount. An arrangement is provided in which a variable input a.c. voltage is changed to a triangular voltage of constant amplitude and proportional in frequency to the a.c. voltage. There is a first square-wave voltage derived from the triangular voltage and the triangular voltage is inverted. The inverted and uninverted triangular voltage are each applied to one input of two comparators and a manually variable d.c. voltage is applied to the second input of each comparator. The d.c. voltage is manually variable between the maximum and minimum amplitudes of the triangular voltage.

Abstract: In xerography a positive charge image on the surface of a photoconductor is developed with a blade shaped conductor, and a non-conductive and flexible donor sheet having on one side a negatively charged toner layer. The donor sheet is mounted such that the layer is spaced from but near the surface of the photoconductor, and the conductor is mounted such that its edge slidably abuts the other side of the donor sheet in the region where the sheet is nearest the photoconductor. As a result, the part of the image nearest the edge establishes a non-uniform electrical field between the image and the edge. The non-uniform field is strongest in the region nearest the edge and causes the transfer of toner from the layer to the photoconductor. In one embodiment the donor sheet is in the form of a belt which is driven so that it slides over the edge. The photoconductor is placed on the surface of a rotatable drum and as the drum is rotated the image is developed.