Abstract: A cylinder liner support arrangement in an internal combustion engine, preferably in which the cylinder block and cylinder head are integrated in a common monobloc element and the cylinder barrels for the engine pistons have cylinder liners which have their upper portions inserted in cylinder bores in the cylinder block. The lower portions of the cylinder liners are accommodated in cylindrical apertures in a common cylinder liner support which may be made as a single element and is removably secured to a lower surface of the cylinder block. The cylinder liner support includes a number (corresponding to the number of cylinders of the engine) of mutually connected supporting sleeves which are disposed in-line, delineate the cylindrical apertures and have their sleeve walls surrounding the lower portions of the cylinder liners and providing them with lateral support. The cylinder liner support includes a mounting plate from one side of which the supporting sleeves protrude.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder block, an upper crankcase, and a lower crankcase, which comprises an inner casing including an outer wall and the lower main bearing housings, and an outer casing, with a space therebetween. The outer casing has a sump mounted on it. Oil drainage passages from the cylinder head face of the cylinder block extend down to meet a pair of longitudinal passages from which oil drainage ports open into the space between the inner and outer casings. These passages add significantly to the stiffness of the engine.

Abstract: An engine which employs a cam follower mechanism to reduce wear and reduce the size of an assembled engine. The cam follower mechanism utilizes guide rails located to reduce side thrust on the valve stem. The engine employs a high speed quill shaft to synchronize independent cam shafts existing in each of a plurality of interconnected engines. The engine is assembled using a single size fastener to provide a uniform stress gradient within the engine. The engines are interconnected utilizing O-ring seals. The engine provides a piston crown utilizing a connecting rod directly connected to the bottom surface of the piston crown. The piston crown is stabilized along the longitudinal cylinder axis by a rail guide. Connecting rods are provided which require less than one hundred eighty degrees (180.degree.) circumference of a crankshaft pin for support so that a plurality of connecting rods can be associated with a single crankshaft pin.

Abstract: In a fuel line arrangement in the cylinder housing of an internal combustion engine with cylinders arranged in line and upstanding mounting structures with support bores for the reception of plug-in fuel injection pumps formed on the sides of the cylinders a fuel return passage extends through the cylinder housing so as to intersect all the fuel pump support bores, a fuel supply passage extends through the cylinder housing parallel to the fuel return passage and oblique passages extend between the fuel supply passages and the respective fuel pump support bores for supplying fuel to the plug-in pumps within the fuel pump support bores, the oblique passages being arranged such that their outward extensions are within the confines of the fuel pump support bore top opening to facilitate drilling of the oblique bores.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low noise level internal combustion engine including a cylinder block without a skirt portion, a supporting member for supporting a journal portion of the crankshaft, the supporting member being fixed to a lower end portion of the cylinder block, a shroud for suppressing an explosion sound in a cylinder and a bearing sound to be radiated out of the engine, the shroud being integrally formed with a cylinder head fixed to an upper side of the cylinder block whereby the shroud is spaced from the cylinder block.

Abstract: An expandable ceramic tile housing for a high temperature engine is disclosed wherein each tile is independently supported in place in an interlocking matrix by retention mechanisms which mechanically couple the individual ceramic tiles to an outer metal support housing while maintaining thermal isolation of the metal housing from the ceramic tiles. The ceramic tiles are formed with either an octagonal front face portion and a square shank portion or a square front face portion with an octagonal shank portion. The length of the sides of the octagonal front face portion on one tile is equal to the length of the sides of the square front face portion of adjoining tiles to permit formation of an interlocking matrix. Fibrous ceramic sealing material may be placed between radial and tangential facing surfaces of adjacent tiles to limit radial gas flow therebetween.

Abstract: A flexible line trimmer is powered by a two-stroke internal combustion engine. The engine is scavenged in a uniflow fashion and has a scavenging cylinder and an exhaust cylinder connected by a common combustion chamber. Each cylinder has a piston turning one of two cantilevered crankshafts that are geared through adjacent counterweights having integrally formed teeth. The crankshafts extend in opposite directions for self-balancing. One crankshaft is coupled to a flywheel fan and other coupled to a starter. A fuel and air mixture is transferred to a common crankcase for the crankshafts through an intake port located on the exhaust cylinder. The piston of the scavenge cylinder is retarded with respect to the exhaust cylinder. An exhaust window opens prior to a scavenge window. The scavenge window closes after the exhaust window. The exhaust window is shortened to improve crankcase compression. The cylinders are joined in a siamese fashion, fabricated from a single piece, and skewed toward each other.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is constructed with metallic parts in its rons which are subjected to high stress (temperature, pressure) during combustion and polymeric materials in its regions which are subjected to relatively lower stresses. The integrated construction helps realize increased power densities and reductions in engine noise without compromising engine performance. V-configuration Diesel engines particularly benefit from this construction.

Abstract: A cylinder head for an international combustion engine comprises at least two separate intake ports with each incorporate one intake valve and at least one exhaust port, which in turn incorporates one exhaust valve, where the intake ports and the exhaust port have their openings on opposite lateral faces of the cylinder head. The cylinder head also comprises a centrally arranged fuel injector which is driven by a top rocker arm, a push rod passing through the cylinder head, and a bottom camshaft. The cylinder head is also designed with a common vertical shaft or through hole which incorporates push rods for transferring the drive from the camshaft to the valves and to the fuel injector. The shaft is arranged between the two intake ports.

Abstract: A cylinder block for reducing engine vibrations and noises comprises a plurality of cylinder bores, a flared skirt portion integrally molded with a lower part of the cylinder block, and a curved ladder frame portion integrally molded with a lower part of said skirt portion. The unitary molded skirt and ladder frame structure is formed in a generally gutter configuration and defines a chamber adapted to accommodate therein a bearing block mounted to a lower portion of the cylinder block. Further, the unitary molded skirt and ladder frame structure is isolated from the bearing block.

Abstract: An engine block is formed by a single piece lower crankcase and a single piece upper crankcase having abutting surfaces sealed with a gasket. The abutting surfaces have semicircular notches aligned with one another to form a circular opening for a crankshaft. The upper crankcase includes central section from which extends a barrel unit that contains the entire cylinder bore for a piston. An integral housing for the cylinder valves and rocker arms is formed on the barrel unit and an integral intake manifold extends from the housing. Forming the engine block from two primary components reduces the number of joints that require machining and gaskets.

Abstract: A bearing housing assembly comprising a generally U-shaped casing (12); a cap (13) which fits into and cooperates with the casing to define a bearing housing; and bolts (15) to hold the casing and the cap together. The cap (13) is a clearance fit in the casing (12); and a location and load transferring member (18) extends through a bore (22) whose cross-section extends partly into the casing and partly into the cap and which straddles the clearance (c), the location and load transferring member (18) being stressed to locate the cap within the casing.

Abstract: A method of evaporable foam casting of metal articles, such as engine blocks for internal combustion engines. An evaporable foam pattern having a configuration proportionally identical to the article to be cast is positioned in a mold and a finely divided flowable material, such as sand, surrounds the pattern and fills the internal cavities of the pattern. A molten hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy containing 16% to 19.5% by weight of silicon and containing a magnesium content in excess of the magnesium solid solubility limit, is fed into the mold and into contact with the pattern. The heat of the molten metal vaporizes the pattern, with the vapor being trapped within the sand and the molten metal filling the void created by vaporization of the pattern to provide a cast article. The high magnesium content in the alloy produces in the solid state a Mg.sub.

Abstract: A seal for the T-joint between upper and lower engine crankcase members and a crankshaft seal member has a longitudinal portion received between and engaging the upper and lower crankcase members, and a generally triangular tip formed by a shorter side and a longer side with the shorter side facing toward the crankshaft seal member as the crankshaft seal member is installed. The tip deforms as the crankshaft member is installed, and thereby seals the T-joint.

Abstract: An engine cylinder block having a shallow water jacket in either a V-type, in-line, or opposed engine configuration. The engine cylinder block further having an isolation chamber below the shallow water jacket forming a cavity between the cylinder bore walls and the outer engine block wall. Additionally, ventilation passages are located between the crankcase and isolation chamber through the upper crankcase plate.

Abstract: A combustion engine has a cylinder liner with a top boss which is an interference fit in the block, and a midstop flange. The outer portion of the liner between the top boss and the midstop flange forms a wall of a coolant passage. A cylindrical inner portion of the liner is at least 30% of the length of the liner, and has a groove in the outer surface thereof adjacent to its bottom end. In the groove is a support ring which swells up under the influence of engine oil to contact a radial support section for the bottom end of the cylinder liner.

Abstract: A four-stroke cycle engine particularly for a working machine including a crank chamber structure comprises a crank chamber body defining a crank chamber in which a lubrication oil is sealed and in which a crank shaft mounting a counter-weight member thereon is rotatably supported, a rib member provided for the crank chamber body projecting in the crank chamber near the counter-weight member and a cover member for covering the crank chamber body. The cover member is provided with a projecting portion substantially facing a side surface of the counter-weight member and projecting deeply inside the crank chamber.

Abstract: A hand held powered tool is provided which is intended to be carried by an operator during use. The power tool has a frame, including a handle to be grasped by the operator, an implement affixed to the frame having a rotary input member and a small four-cycle lightweight internal combustion engine attached to the frame for driving the implement. The four-cycle engine is made up of a lightweight aluminum engine block having a cylindrical bore and an enclosed oil reservoir formed therein. A crankshaft is journaled to the engine block for rotation about a crankshaft axis. A piston reciprocates within the bore and is connected to the crankshaft by a connecting rod having oil splasher formed thereon for intermittently engaging the oil within the enclosed oil reservoir to splash lubricate the engine. The engine is provided with a cylinder head assembly defining a compact combustion chamber having a pair of overhead intake exhaust ports cooperating intake and exhaust valves.

Abstract: A cylinder block including an upper block, a crankshaft and a lower block, has a plurality of bearing caps secured to the upper block so as to support the crankshaft for rotation. A generally rectangularly-shaped lower block casing is provided with a first reinforcing rib, located below each bearing cap and extending upright so as to connect opposite side walls of the casing, and a second reinforcing rib, extending from a fitting bracket. A transmission casing is fitted to the cylinder block through the fitting bracket. The second reinforcing rib terminates approximately below one of the bearing caps. The first reinforcing rib associated with the one of the bearing caps is separated from the bearing caps. The first reinforcing ribs are provided with structural stiffnesses such that a first reinforcing rib which is farther away from the one of the bearing caps than another first reinforcing rib has a lower structural stiffness than the other first reinforcing rib.

Abstract: In a V-type internal combustion engine, a timing chain is placed around and engaged with a pair of camshaft sprockets and a crankshaft sprocket. A water pump sprocket is disposed between one of the camshaft sprockets and the crankshaft sprocket and outside of an area bounded by the timing chain and engaged with the timing chain. A thermostat housing is provided integrally to a front end portion of one of the cylinder heads which is bounded by the water pump, the timing chain and a camshaft which is adjacent to an outer side of a bank and driven by one of the above mentioned camshafts. A cylinder block is provided with an engine mounting boss portion at a front end central portion thereof surrounded by the timing chain.

Abstract: A cylinder head for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with a cylinder head block which bounds a cooling water space, is closed at the top by a cylinder head cover plate and has tubular chambers extending in the direction of the cylinder axis to accommodate a spark plug, an injection nozzle or an injection nozzle with precombustion chamber. A camshaft space is located above the cover plate with devices for valve control, and a bearing pedestal to accommodate at least one camshaft is provided in the camshaft space. The bearing locations for the camshaft are covered by bearing covers. In order to reduce the manufacturing requirements and, furthermore, to minimize the noise radiation caused by the cylinder head side walls, a split plane formed between the cylinder head block and the bearing pedestal extends at the level of the upper chamber edge.

Abstract: A main bearing cap for an internal combustion engine consists of an aluminum alloy with a steel core (6). The cap has a supporting surface (2) for the bearing shell (3). The supporting surface is the outer surface of a 3 mm thick aluminum layer (10) outside the steel core.

Abstract: A method of broaching the surfaces of crankcase halves to permit upper and lower halves to be subsequently assembled in random pairs as a crankcase for use in an internal combustion engine. Each of the halves is broached along an essentially flat mating portion and main bearing half bores. The broached halves are then assembled together along their respective mating surfaces.

Abstract: A motor block for a multiple cylinder internal combustion motor, particularly an outboard motor, has a cooling passage that is integrally cast as a part of the motor block casting that extends from a water jacket in the cylinder head area to a water jacket space that is provided between the banks of cylinders in the V-block motor.

Abstract: A cylinder block for an internal combustion engine consists of an upper section containing cylinders and cooling chambers and a lower section having an upwardly facing opening to receive the upper section so as to form an annular oil compartment surrounding the cylinders and below the cooling chambers.

Abstract: In the Siamese type cylinder block structure, a hollow member having a number of arc guide pieces on both ends is inserted into the upper end between neighboring cylinder bores so as to form a cooling water passage by burying both ends of hollow member in the water jacket core. Insert pins inserted in the guide pieces at both ends of said hollow member communicating with said water jackets to prevent grains of sand injected at high pressure when a water jacket core is manufactured.

Abstract: An engine unit includes an engine and a power train which are disposed in parallel to each other. The power train includes a transmission and a differential. The engine and the power train are housed in one engine housing formed of upper and lower parts which are mated with each other along respective mated surfaces. Upper halves of bearings for the crankshaft and upper halves of bearings for a rotational shaft of the power train are formed in the mating surface of the upper part of the engine housing and lower halves of bearings for the crankshaft and lower halves of bearings for said rotational shaft of the power train are formed in the mating surface of the lower part of the engine housing. The upper part of the engine housing is formed integrally with the cylinder block of the engine.

Abstract: A sealed machined member comprises a casted block member having an outer surface including a machined portion and a scalloped portion which adjoins the machined portion. The scalloped portion is cast into the outer surface when the block member is casted. A wet passage is formed in the block member for containing fluid having a pressure which is greater than the pressure adjacent to the outer surface. The wet passage has a longitudinal axis which defines a passage plane. The passage plane extends between the longitudinal axis of the wet passage and the part of the outer surface nearest to the wet passage. The scalloped portion is oriented so that its longitudinal axis lies in the passage plane. The scalloped portion is recessed from the outer surface so that the scalloped portion is not machined when the outer surface is machined.

Abstract: A casing of a trunk piston internal combustion engine has a cylinder hed, cylinder head cover, cylinder block and oil sump regions and bearing devices for the crankshaft and camshaft. The casing is manufactured from parts which are as simple to manufacture as possible and can be connected together with little effort. For this purpose, the cylinder block, together with a part of the cylinder head closing the respective individual cylinder spaces at the combustion space end, is configured as a common engine block casting with hollow spaces manufactured without the use of lost cores and open in the direction of the cylinder axis at one of the two ends of at least. The hollow spaces are closed by parts welded onto both ends to create a closed continuous water cooling jacket.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an integral cylinder head, a one-piece connecting rod, and a crankshaft disposed at the interface between the first engine housing and the second engine housing. In an overhead cam shaft embodiment, the cam shaft drive means includes first and second gearsets of cross-helical gears. Also directly mounted to the cam drive shaft are the oil slinger, the centrifugally-responsive speed governor components, and the auxiliary power take-off shaft. This arrangement eliminates the need for additional shafts and subassemblies. In another embodiment, both the crankshaft and the cam shaft are disposed at the interface between the two engine housings to decrease manufacturing and assembly costs. The crankshaft and/or cam shaft bearings are formed integral with the engine housings to eliminate the need for separate bearing components.

Abstract: A V-type engine cylinder block includes a mounting pedestal, integrally formed with the block in a V-shaped space between two cylinder banks and interconnecting the cylinder banks. A top wall is secured to the mounting pedestal and extends over almost the entire length of the V-shaped space in a lengthwise direction of the cylinder block. A plurality of bosses are formed with internal threads for securing a bracket, for mounting the cylinder block onto a car body, to one end wall of the cylinder block by bolts. The mounting pedestal and bosses are interconnected by ribs integrally formed with the cylinder block.

Abstract: A positioning device of the invention is attached to an engine part for installing a gasket thereon. The positioning device includes a positioning pin with an annular depression adjacent a top end thereof, and a top plate fixed to the top end of the positioning pin. A space is defined by the top plate and the annular depression. When the gasket is moved on the engine part, the gasket is held in the space and is blocked by the top plate to prevent accidental disengagement of the gasket from the engine part.

Abstract: A compact power unit for an internal combustion engine including a bearing arrangement for the crankshaft which includes a combined crankcase member and bearing cap that has integral bearing journals for the crankcase and which also forms at least in part the crankcase closure. An output shaft for powering a vehicle is also journaled by the cylinder block and crankcase member and is driven by an integral gear formed on one of the throws of the crankshaft. A balancing arrangement for accommodating this non balanced throw and for maintaining equal cylinder bore spacing is also employed.

Abstract: In a diesel engine, a cylinder block has a pump housing integratedly provided for a fuel injection pump unit at the lateral side thereof. A timing transmission case is fixedly secured to the fore portions of the cylinder block and the pump housing. A governor weight of a mechanical governor and a transmission member for transmitting a centrifugal force of the governor weight are supported by a fuel injection camshaft within the pump housing. A governor lever and a governor spring are disposed within the pump housing in such a condition as not entering the timing transmission case.

Abstract: An engine having a crank case splitted into upper and lower crank cases, and including a crank shaft and a transmission drive shaft disposed on the split plane between the upper crank case and the lower crank case and a transmission main shaft carried by either one of the upper or lower crank case. The length and the size of the engine can be reduced by the arrangement according to the invention, and a starter motor, a transmission drum and balancers can be arranged efficiently to save space required for mounting the engine.

Abstract: The design and construction of past pushrod retainers have required complex components, sliding relationships and additional assembly time and expense. The present invention overcomes these problems by using a retention shelf attached to a cylinder block. Thus, the components are simple to install, inexpensive to manufacture and do not increase assembly time since there is no adjustment necessary when using the device. The present retention shelf assemblies provide a device which prevents extensive damage to the engine caused by a large separation between the cupped end of the pushrod and the first end of the rocker arm which allows the pushrod to fall into other components, resulting in malfunction of the engine. The device is preassembled to the cylinder block and requires no additional assembly time or alignment when assembling the engine.

Abstract: An engine unit includes a cylinder block of a short-skirt type which has a plurality of first partition walls and a plurality of crank journals formed on the partition walls and rotatably receiving the crankshaft. Bearing caps are fitted to the crank journals and rotatably hold the crankshaft in cooperation with the crank journals. A lower case is fixed to the cylinder block and covers the crankshaft. The lower case includes a pair of flanges abutting against the lower edges of the skirt portions, a semi-cylindrical bottom wall, and a plurality of second partition walls formed on the bottom wall to oppose the first partition walls. Each bearing cap is clamped between the first and second partition walls. The lower case is fixed to the cylinder block by means of first bolts screwed into the skirt portions through the flanges, and second bolts screwed into the crank journals through the second partition walls and bearing caps.

Abstract: A cylinder block as a main part of an engine block includes a cylinder barrel assembly block, a skeleton-like frame surrounding the outer periphery of the cylinder barrel assembly block and a plate-like rigid film member, within a fluid passage in the skeleton-like frame. The skeleton-like frame is integrally joined to the outer surfaces of left and right side walls of the assembly block along the crankshaft axis and includes crossbeam bone members, longitudinal beam bone members and post bone members which are rigid and unitarily assembled into a three-dimensional latticework structure. A cylinder head is integrally coupled to the deck surface of the cylinder block and a lower case is integrally coupled to the lower surface of the cylinder block, lateral outer surfaces of the block and lower case along the crankshaft axis being formed flush with each other in parallel with the cylinder bore axis.

Abstract: An outboard motor comprising a lower unit, a propeller shaft rotatably supported by the lower unit and adapted to support a propeller, and an internal combustion engine supported by the lower unit and drivingly connected to the propeller shaft, the internal combustion engine including an engine block defining at least one cylinder and having a lifting hook integrally formed on the engine block.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing or eliminating the flexing of an engine rocker shaft at high RPM conditions. In one aspect of the invention, an elongated block stud is utilized in conjunction with a rocker shaft pillar mount to more securely hold the rocker shaft in position by having all forces transmitted to a block stud which is secured to the engine block. In a second aspect of the invention, a two-piece rocker shaft center support is utilized with the lowermost piece being secured to the cylinder head by a block stud threaded into the engine block. The rocker shaft thus is secured in position along its full length between each rocker arm no matter what cylinder head configuration is encountered.

Abstract: A lubricating oil passage structure for a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinders separated from each other by journal walls and arranged in a row, bearing bores formed in the journal walls for rotatably supporting a pair of rotary shafts in parallel with the crankshaft of the engine on either side of the cylinder row, comprising: a hollow gallery member internally defining three galleries extending in parallel with the crankshaft in the hollow gallery member, and mechanically connecting the bearing caps with each other. Lubricating oil passages extend from these oil galleries to the bearings for the crankshaft and the rotary shaft linearly and in parallel with the bolts for securing bearing caps for the crankshaft bearings to the journal walls. Thus, the lubricating oil passages can be formed in a single manner, and the lengths of the passages are minimized. Furthermore, the gallery member can effectively reinforce the journal walls.

Abstract: A hypereutectic aluminum silicon alloy having an improved distribution of primary silicon in the microstructure. The alloy is composed by weight of 20% to 30% silicon, 0.4% to 1.6% magnesium, up to 1.4% iron, up to 0.3% manganese, 0.25% copper maximum and the balance aluminum. With this composition the aluminum silicon alloy system exhibits near zero shrinkage on solidification, a similarity of the liquid aluminum-silicon alloy and the primary silicon during the early stages of primary silicon precipitation, and thereby minimizes floatation of the precipitated primary silicon and to provide a more uniform distribution of the primary silicon in the microstructure and increase the wear resistant characteristics of the alloy.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block, and a plurality of main bearing caps secured to the cylinder block at a predetermined portion. A flange integral with the cylinder block has first and second end walls extending from the cylinder block and spaced from each other, and a peripheral wall which interconnects the first and second end walls. The first, second and peripheral walls cooperate with the predetermined portion of the cylinder block to define a chamber. The peripheral wall is formed with an opening communicating with the chamber. The opening and the chamber serve as an access to the predetermined portion. The opening is closed by a plug.

Abstract: A cooling system and crankcase ventilating system for a V type internal combustion engine wherein the crankcase ventilating system includes a crankcase ventilating chamber that is positioned in the valley of the V of the engine. The cooling system includes a main coolant gallery that extends through the valley of the engine and is disposed between the crankcase ventilating chamber and the crankcase for cooling the crankcase ventilating gases. The main gallery also partially encircles the main oil gallery for cooling the lubricant.

Abstract: A portable powered working machine such as a chain saw has a casing, a hollow grip formed integrally with the casing and extending from a front portion to a rear portion of the upper wall of the casing. An internal combustion engine is disposed in the casing such that its crankshaft extends transversely of the casing, the internal combustion engine having a cylinder arranged horizontally in a rear portion of the casing and a crankcase disposed in a front portion of the casing. A carburetor is disposed on a front side of the crankcase, while an air cleaner disposed in a rear portion of the grip. A communication pipe extends through the grip portion in the longitudinal direction thereof and connected between the air cleaner and the carburetor so as to form an air passage.

Abstract: A composite engine block for an internal combustion engine having a fluid cooling jacket, comprising a bipartite liner structure with metal (i.e., aluminum alloy or cast iron) defining at least the combustion zone walls, the structure having one or more open cylinders of a first part mateable with a corresponding cylinder head of a second part, the first part having (i) an integral base plate extending transversely outwardly from the cylinder to define a lower imperforate membrane for the bottom of the cooling fluid jacket, and (ii) walls extending dependently from the base plate to support a crankshaft for rotation about an axis transverse to the cylinder, the second part having an integral top plate extending transversely outwardly over the cylinder head to define an upper imperforate membrane for the top of the cooling fluid jacket; (b) a tri-partite skin structure comprised of nonmetallic light weight, vibration damping material (i.e.

Abstract: In a multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine, bearing shell and bearing cap of the bearings for the crankshaft are decoupled from the side walls of the cylinder block which form the crankcase. The bearing shells communicate with the cylinder block directly through column elements. The resilience of the column elements relieves the cylinder block of any transverse flexure by crankshaft forces and reduces the generation of noise.

Abstract: A power tool comprises a throttle lever pivotally provided at a rear end portion of a handle and extending inside the handle toward a front end portion of the handle; a finger engaging portion formed at the front end portion of the throttle lever in such a manner as to project from the handle to the outside; wherein a rear-end portion of the throttle lever is connected with a throttle valve of the internal combustion engine by means of a connecting member, and, when the throttle valve is at an idling position, the finger engaging portion of the throttle lever is held at a position where the finger engaging portion projects from the handle to the outside.

Abstract: An arrangement for supporting a crankshaft in a multicylinder engien comprises a plurality of bulkheads provided in a cylinder block of the engine to be arranged at predetermined intervals along an axis of the crankshaft disposed in the cylinder block, a plurality of bearing caps each coupled with a lower end of one of the bulkheads by a cap bolt screwed into the bulkhead through a part of the bearing cap relatively close to the bulkhead so as to constitute a bearing portion for supporting the crankshaft in conjunction with the bulkhead, a beam structure extending along the axis of the crankshaft to interconnect therethrough adjacent two of the bearing caps, and a reinforcing structure coupled with the beam structure with a plurality of clamped spots generally arranged in the direction along which the crankshaft extends and also coupled with each of side skirt portions of the cylinder block with a plurality of clamped spots generally arranged in the direction along which the crankshaft extends.

Abstract: A siamese-type cylinder block blank which is composed so that upon the pouring a molten metal under a pressure, a sleeve of cast iron is cast in each cylinder barrel of a siamese-type cylinder barrel made of an aluminum alloy and consisting of a plurality of cylinder barrels connected in series. The cylinder block blank is characterized in that each sleeve cast presents a substantially oval configuration in section with the lengthwise axis parallel to the direction of cylinder barrels arranged, as a result of the reception of the solidification shrinkage force of each cylinder barrel.