Abstract: Sets of apparatus for translating motion from a rotating non-circular loop to linear motion and in possible cases vice versa. Such mechanisms are used in muffler cap spinning technology and engine crankshaft with uneven strokes; but not restricted to said applications. The mechanisms include a non-circular cam, a linear sliding arm or piston and parts to connect them. Disclosure also includes an adjustable closure for a sliding arm which could be utilized for said muffler cap spinning mechanisms or other applications.

Abstract: An engine includes an engine block with at least one cylinder bank including cylinder bores formed therein. A piston is reciprocatingly disposed in each of the cylinder bores. A crankshaft is rotatably mounted to the engine block. Connecting rods are rotatably attached to the crankshaft and are coupled to the piston. A cylinder head with intake valves and exhaust valves in fluid communication with the cylinder bores is mounted to each cylinder bank. At least one permanent magnet is disposed in a skirt of each piston. At least one electromagnet is positioned adjacent to the permanent magnet(s). A control system selectively provides an electrical current to the electromagnets to produce a desired magnetic field, wherein the magnetic field of the electromagnets cooperates with a magnetic field of the permanent magnets to affect a motion of the piston in respect of the engine block.

Abstract: A system and a method include an engine having one or more vanes. An actuator is coupled to the one or more vanes. The actuator is configured to move the one or more vanes between different positions. A control unit is coupled to the actuator. The control unit is configured to operate the actuator to move the one or more vanes between the different positions. The control unit is disposed on or within the engine.

Abstract: A ball valve includes a valve body. The valve body is driven to rotate through a drive train that includes a planetary gear set. A gear of the planetary gear set is integrally formed with the valve body. In an embodiment, a ring gear of the planetary gear set is integrally formed with the valve body.

Abstract: There is presented various embodiments disclosed in this application, including an improved crankshaft system using a load connecting member which provides a greater maximum torque angle than a conventional system, thereby improving efficiency and power.

Abstract: A straddled vehicle having an engine unit supported by a vehicle body frame. The engine unit includes an engine body, a turbocharger, and an exhaust device. The exhaust device includes an exhaust pipe and a muffler that are connected to each other to form a portion of an exhaust passage, to allow the exhaust gas passed through the turbocharger to pass therethrough, and a first catalyst and a second catalyst that are arranged in this order along a direction in which the exhaust gas flows through the exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe has an upstream end thereof connected to the turbocharger, a downstream end thereof connected to the muffler, and a corner section that is bent in at least a part thereof between a downstream end of the first catalyst and an upstream end of the second catalyst, the catalysts not being arranged in the corner section.

Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments can provide a piston comprising a piston head, a connecting rod coupled to the piston head, a stabilizer bar, a retaining ring, and a stabilizer bar collar. The stabilizer bar collar defines one or more apertures. The one or more apertures are constructed to receive the stabilizer bar. The piston is constructed to reduce energy losses in an engine comprising the piston.

Abstract: A bearing guide device of a combustion piston for a variable compression ratio engine. The movement of the combustion piston from a top dead center to a bottom dead center drives the movement of a synchronized roller made up of a cylindrical body and a pinion from a first position to a second position relative to first and second racks. According to the disclosure, the first and/or second racks have a different circular pitch than the pinion so that the flanks of the teeth of the pinion engage with the flanks of the teeth of the first and second racks only when the pinion is in the first or second position.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including at least two cylinders with parallel longitudinal axes, each cylinder including an opening and a piston capable of moving in translation inside the cylinder, the respective openings of the cylinders facing each other, the pistons being in kinematic relation with a connecting rod-crank mechanism including: a spacer connecting the pistons, suitable for maintaining a fixed spacing between the pistons, the pistons being respectively attached to the arms of the spacer, a crankshaft rotating about an axis, arranged between the openings of the cylinders and between the longitudinal axes of the cylinders, the crankshaft comprising a crank pin, a rocker rotating about the crank pin, at least one connecting rod including a first, small end, rigidly attached to the spacer and a second, big end, rigidly attached to one of the ends of the rocker.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for utilizing enhanced vacuum gripping techniques. One embodiment is a method that includes locating an array of valves for an end effector, selectively switching valves within the array between open states and closed states based on a shape of a work piece that the end effector will transport, selectively applying vacuum through a plurality of valves in a shape that corresponds with the shape of the work piece, disposing the end effector at the work piece while the vacuum is applied to grip the work piece, and picking up the work piece by moving the end effector while the vacuum is applied.

Abstract: The present invention is a system to utilize slow burning fuels that contain ash with a piston that is utilized as a compressor and an expander, a pair of combustion chambers, an ash bin with a pathway on each side of the ash bin and a cylinder that houses the piston that is integral to the y-shaped pathway and produces gases that are produced by the piston emitted from the cylinder as well as a connecting rod and a crank shaft. The combustion chambers can be cone-shaped and have one or more fan blades that are made of a nonconductive material and have a positive charge. The present invention also creates a rotating body in a single combustion chamber that provides heat energy for evaporation of water and initiation of ignition of fuels that contain more than 5% water that can be connected to an ash bin to expel ash.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a driving apparatus includes a housing, a first driving body in the housing to be rotatable around a first central axis, an eccentric driving body provided in the first driving body to be rotatable around a second central axis parallel to the first central axis, a first pivot provided at one axial end of the eccentric driving body and eccentrically to the second central axis, a second pivot provided at another axial end of the eccentric driving body and eccentrically to the second central axis, a first moving body rotatably coupled to the first pivot and linearly movable along a third central axis, a first guide body which guides movement of the first moving body, and a second guide body which guides the second pivot to be movable in a first direction.

Abstract: An engine cylinder block includes a cylinder block housing and a double-crankshaft mechanism installation case located at a downside of the cylinder block housing. The cylinder block housing is integrally connected with the double-crankshaft mechanism installation case. The cylinder block housing is provided with a cylinder block cavity. The double-crankshaft mechanism installation case is enclosed and formed by an end cover and a side cover. A piston rod guiding groove is installed in the double-crankshaft mechanism installation case. A connecting rod sliding groove is configured through the piston rod guiding groove. A crank operation cavity is configured on both sides of the piston rod guiding groove. A main spindle installation hole is configured on the shell at both ends of each crank operation cavity. A main spindle supporting portion is configured below the main spindle installation hole.

Abstract: An opposed piston engine has a driveshaft with a spaced apart cams mounted thereon. Each cam has a circumferential cam shoulder of a curvilinear shape selected to enhance flow through intake and exhaust ports. The curvilinear shape may be a segmented polynomial shape forming lobes which lobes are asymmetrical so that the lobe wavelength distance from a first trough to the lobe peak of an ascending shoulder portion of the lobe is greater than the lobe wavelength distance from the peak to a second trough of a descending shoulder portion of the lobe. Opposing cam shoulders may be shaped so as to always be converging or diverging from one another.

Abstract: A variable compression ratio engine includes: a piston; a piston bar which is connected to the piston; a first connecting link which is connected to the piston bar through a first joint; a main body which is connected to the first connecting link through a second joint and includes a third joint and a fourth joint; a crank shaft which includes a fifth joint; a second connecting link which is connected to the main body through the fourth joint and connected to the crank shaft through the fifth joint to rotate the crank shaft; and a control link which is connected to the main body through the third joint and selectively changes a position of the third joint.

Abstract: The present invention provides a two-part robotic device for positioning of a hand tool, comprising: a. a fixed base unit constantly fix to its position; b. a detachable body unit reversibly coupled to said fixed base unit, coupled to said current medical instrument; wherein said fixed base unit is adapted to provide independent movement to said hand tool, said independent movement selected from the group consisting of rotation and translation, and further wherein said detachable body unit is removable and replaceable from said fixed base unit such that upon exchange of said hand tool for a second hand tool, said second hand tool is placed in substantially the same location as the location of said hand tool prior to said exchange.

Abstract: Disclosed is an actuator for a link mechanism of an internal combustion mechanism, which includes: a control link (12); an arm link (13) pivotably connected to the other end of the control link; a control shaft (11) to which the arm link is fixed by press-fitting; a housing body (28) having a support hole (30) formed to rotatably support therein the control shaft and an accommodation room (28b) formed in a direction intersecting an center axis of the support hole to accommodate therein the connection site between the arm link and the control link. The housing body further has through holes formed therethrough from an outer surface of the housing body to the accommodation room in an axial direction of the control shaft such that insertion support parts (72 to 74) of a support jig (70) can be inserted through and removed from the respective through holes.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a crankshaft rotatably supported by an engine block, and rotatable about a crank axis. A control shaft is rotatably supported by the engine block, and rotatable about a control axis. A link rod is rotatably connected to the crankshaft. A lower connecting rod includes a first end rotatably connected to the link rod, and a second end rotatably connected to the control shaft. An upper connecting rod is rotatably connected to the link rod and a piston. The second end of the lower connecting rod and the control shaft are rotatably connected at a location offset from the control axis to define an eccentric connection relative to the control axis. Rotation of the control shaft about the control axis rotates the second end of the lower connecting rod about the control axis to adjust a compression stroke length of the piston.

Abstract: A crankshaft for an internal combustion engine includes a shaft body having a body rotation axis, with at least one crank pin for coupling a connecting rod to the crankshaft. The crank pin is connected to the shaft body in an offset manner with respect to the body rotation axis by two crank arms. Each arm has an arm surface facing one to the other with the crank pin extending between the arm surfaces. At least one of the arm surfaces is provided with a protrusion extending from the arm surface and configured to avoid contact between the arm surface and the connecting rod.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has at least one piston which performs stroke movements in a cylinder crankcase. Via two connecting rods, the piston interacts with two parallel crankshafts which rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The connecting rods have, on a side facing toward a piston crown of the piston, bearing eyelets which, via piston pins, are operatively connected to the first and second bearings provided at opposite first and second sides of the piston, which bearings and piston pins act as a device for compensating an asymmetry of the profile of the crankshafts. To optimize the internal combustion engine, the first and the second bearings have cylindrical bearing disks which, firstly, are rotatably mounted in piston bores and which, secondly, include disk bores for receiving first and second pin sections of the piston pins.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston internal combustion engine includes at least one first, one second and one third cylinder and has a crank mechanism having a crankshaft, which is rotatably mounted in a crankcase, having a first, a second and a third crankpin. A first connecting rod having a first piston for the first cylinder is allocated to the first crankpin. A second connecting rod having a second piston for the second cylinder is allocated to the second crankpin. A third connecting rod having a third piston for the third cylinder is allocated to the third crankpin. The crankpins are arranged successively in an axial direction of the crankshaft, wherein the cylinders are arranged in a fan shape.

Abstract: A variable compression ratio internal combustion engine includes: a variable compression ratio mechanism arranged to vary an engine compression ratio in accordance with a rotation position of a first control shaft; an actuator arranged to vary and hold the rotation position of the first control shaft; and a link mechanism arranged to connect the actuator and the first control shaft, the link mechanism including; a second control shaft, a lever, a first arm portion, a first link pin, a second arm portion, and a second link pin, the first link pin having a diameter larger than a diameter of the second link pin.

Abstract: A fluid flow machine includes a casing including a cylinder and a crankshaft support. A piston is slidably disposed in the cylinder for reciprocating along an axis of the cylinder. A crankshaft includes a main bearing journal rotationally supported in the crankshaft support, a crankpin radially offset from an axis of the main bearing journal and a crank web connecting the main bearing journal and the crankpin. A multi-linkage connecting rod mechanism is connected between the piston and crankpin and includes a connecting rod, a first hinge link and a crankpin link pivotally connected to each other. A force transfer mechanism connects the multi-linkage connecting rod mechanism to the casing for transferring a vertical piston force into a horizontal crankpin force.

Abstract: A motorcycle has a crankcase containing a crank shaft and a balancer shaft, and a cylinder and a cylinder head positioned above the crankcase, and an exhaust pipe extends from the cylinder head. The balancer shaft is positioned in front of the crank shaft, and the crankcase has a balancer shaft housing supporting the balancer shaft thereinside, and has a recessed part depressed rearward in a front end center part of the balancer shaft housing. The balancer shaft has balancer shaft weights apart from each other in one side and in the other side in an axis direction.

Abstract: An attachment structure for a solenoid valve which can be stably attached to and removed from a carburetor unit with a single movement and without increasing the number of parts. A rod-like supporting portion is disposed a predetermined distance away from a surface of a carburetor unit and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of and installed near an opening in the surface of the carburetor unit. A cylindrical engaging portion extends from a circumferential face of a cylindrical body fitted on the solenoid valve substantially perpendicular to an axial line of the rod-like supporting portion, and forms a groove-like engagement portion which is narrower in diameter than the rod-like supporting portion, whereby the engaging portion, via the groove-like engagement portion, is coupled to and supported by rod-like supporting portion when an insertion portion of the solenoid valve is inserted into the opening.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising an engine block comprised of a main cavity, an intake plenum, and an exhaust plenum; a crankshaft supported within the main cavity of the engine block; a rotating piston assembly contained within the main cavity of the engine block and comprised of a rotatable cylinder housing having a housing axis of rotation and comprised of a plurality of pistons contained in combustion cylinders; and a rotating valve ring contained within the engine block and surrounding the rotating piston assembly, and comprised of intake ports, ignition energy ports, and exhaust ports corresponding to each of the plurality of combustion cylinders. The rotatable cylinder housing has an axis of rotation that is parallel to and offset from the crankshaft axis of rotation.

Abstract: An aircraft power plant is disclosed having a plurality of bladed rotors in flow communication driven by separate work producing devices. The work producing devices can take a variety of forms including an internal combustion engine and electric motor, for example. The bladed rotors can be associated with an aircraft pylon and can be driven independently to separate operating conditions to provide optimum performance. For example, the bladed rotors can be driven to separate operating conditions that improve a noise signature or performance of the aircraft.

Abstract: Provided is a continuous variable transmission for a motorcycle having a radial engine, the transmission including a cone shaped gear, a driveshaft received in one end of the cone shaped gear, a gear plate having an angled geared surface configured to mate with the cone shaped gear, a drive clutch, a crank shaft extending through the drive clutch, and a plurality of fingers secured to the drive clutch and configured to move from a first position to a second position wherein the fingers are in a first position at a first speed and the fingers are at a second position, at a second speed.

Abstract: In some aspects, a power delivery device configured to couple to a reciprocating element of a reciprocating engine is configured to couple to a power output element via a substantially steady, invariant (e.g., constant) moment arm in order to generate increased torque and power.

Abstract: An apparatus improves rotation of a rotatable shaft. The rotatable shaft has a cyclical cogging torque acting thereon in a first direction. The apparatus includes a support member, first and second anti-cogging members, a cam surface and an abutment member. The support member is adjacent the rotatable shaft. The rotatable shaft is operable to rotate relative to the support member. The second anti-cogging member is coupled to the rotatable shaft for rotation with the rotatable shaft. The cam surface is included on one of the first anti-cogging member and the second anti-cogging member. The abutment member is coupled to the other one of the first anti-cogging member and the second anti-cogging member. The abutment member is operable to abut against the cam surface to provide an anti-cogging torque to the rotatable shaft in a second direction that opposes the first direction to at least partially offset the cogging torque.

Abstract: An apparatus that improves rotation of a shaft. The shaft has a cyclical cogging torque acting thereon in a first direction. A support member is adjacent the shaft. The shaft is operable to rotate relative to the support member. A first anti-cogging member is coupled to the support member. A second anti-cogging member is coupled to the shaft to rotate based on rotation of the shaft. A cam surface has a lobe that is included on one of the first and second anti-cogging members. An abutment member is coupled to the other of the first and second anti-cogging members. The abutment member is operable to abut against the cam surface to provide an anti-cogging torque to the shaft in a second direction that opposes the first direction to at least partially offset the cogging torque. The biasing member biases the abutment member toward the cam surface.

Abstract: A device for changing a compression ratio of an internal combustion engine is provided. The engine has a crank drive with a crankshaft with at least one crank pin, mounted in a rotationally movable fashion, connected to a connecting rod and a piston arranged in a cylinder of the internal combustion engine. In order to convert rotational movement of the crankshaft into a bidirectional movement of the piston with a defined stroke height, a rotationally movable, externally toothed eccentric for changing the piston stroke height is arranged between the crank pin and an eyelet on the connecting rod. In order to rotate the eccentric, an externally toothed first gearwheel is axially connected in a rotationally fixed fashion to a second gearwheel via a shaft arranged parallel to the crankshaft which is arranged in a meshing fashion on a third gearwheel which can be rotated by an actuating element.

Abstract: A variable stroke and compression ratio internal combustion engine comprised of: a conventional crank shaft, a horizontal connecting rod, and a swinging block, which constitutes a typical swinging block slider crank mechanism; and a piston, a vertical connecting rod, and a pin mounted on the horizontal connecting rod, which constitutes a typical slider crank mechanism. The pivot of the swinging block is moveable based on a certain controlling strategy to realize variations of strokes and compression ratios.

Abstract: A transmission partly overlapping clutches as viewed from an axial direction of a crankshaft is disposed below an inclined cylinder axis of an engine main body. A speed change actuator is disposed in a position such that the transmission is interposed between the speed change actuator and the crankshaft. An exhaust pipe connected to a lower side wall of a cylinder head is extended so as to pass above the transmission and partly overlap an upper portion of the speed change actuator as viewed from the axial direction of the crankshaft.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed toward a linear free piston combustion engine with indirect work extraction via gas linkage, comprising: a cylinder with two opposed free pistons disposed therein that form a combustion section in a center of the cylinder, each free piston comprising a front face facing the combustion section and a back face facing the opposite direction; two opposed extractor pistons disposed in their own cylinders at opposite ends of the free piston cylinder, each extractor piston comprising a front face facing the combustion section and a back face facing the opposite direction; and two gas linkages, each gas linkage comprising a volume sealed between the back face of a free piston and the front face of an extractor piston; wherein each extractor piston is connected to a rotary electromagnetic machine.

Abstract: A four-cycle internal combustion engine has a bellows leaf spring working in a compression mode or a tension mode. The leaf spring is connected to a crankshaft and forms a movable portion of a bellows chamber that receives exhaust gases from an engine cylinder. As the exhaust gases transfer from the cylinder to the bellows chamber, the gases push on the leaf spring thereby transferring energy to the crankshaft.

Abstract: In an assembly (1) for a combustion engine, consisting of a piston (2) and a connecting rod (17), the piston includes a piston crown (3), a piston skirt (4) and portions (10, 14) for accommodating a piston pin (6) through which the piston is intended to be supported on the connecting rod. The piston skirt has a completely closed bottom part (15) and in its portion for accommodating the piston pin has apertures (16) sealing against the piston pin but otherwise completely encloses a bottom part (12) of the piston crown as well as the piston crown portion (10) for accommodating the piston pin. The connecting rod further has a fork shape in its end (19) facing the piston. A piston and a connecting rod, respectively, for use in such an assembly are likewise provided.

Abstract: An electrohydraulic device for controlling the compression ratio of a variable compression-ratio engine, includes at least one dual-flow electrovalve (81) with no check valve and capable of opening and closing at least one hydraulic fluid duct (83) between the upper chamber (121) and the lower chamber (122) of a control jack (8), at least one position sensor (82) of a control rack (7), an angular position sensor (88) of the crankshaft (9) of the engine for adjusting the compression ratio, and at least one calculator (84).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for a differential stroke combustion engine. The combustion engine including one or more two-part pistons, each two-part piston having a first piston part and a second piston part. The apparatus comprising: piston-lever element mechanically coupled to the second piston part; a plurality of cam-followers assemblies selectively coupleable with the piston-lever element for controlling operation of the second piston part; and wherein selective engagement of one or more cam-followers assemblies defines an operational mode of the second piston part.

Abstract: A piston-powered internal explosion engine for providing power output through a rotating crankshaft. The engine includes an engine block having power cylinders for receiving working pistons, bearing means for supporting the crankshaft, and a crankshaft supported within the bearing means having an output end extending outside of the engine block and a plurality of offset power cranks. The engine includes connecting rods operably coupled to the power cranks and configured to transfer power from the working pistons to rotate the crankshaft, and working pistons that are received into the power cylinders and operably coupled to the power cranks. Each working piston has a head end positioned adjacent to a cylinder head to form a compression chamber and is configured to receive power from an explosion of a compressed volume located within the compression chamber, and to transfer the received power to the connecting rods.

Abstract: An expansion system utilizes external combustion of its residual warm exhaust air, in order to heat incoming compressed air. The heat of this external combustion is communicated to the incoming compressed air through a heat exchanger. The expansion system may be incorporated into an energy storage device also featuring a compressed air storage unit supplied by a compressor. Where the stored supply of compressed air is depleted, the energy storage device may continue to supply electricity on demand through operation as a heat engine, with the compressor being driven directly (e.g. on a same rotating shaft) or indirectly (via generated electrical power) by the expansion system. Multiple expanders of the same or different types (e.g. rotating, reciprocating), may be utilized in parallel and/or in series (e.g. multiple stages) depending upon the particular application. Multi-stage embodiments featuring internal combustion in low pressure stages, may be particularly suited for placement in vehicles.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an engine crankshaft is disclosed. The engine crankshaft comprises a rear bearing journal. The rear bearing journal has an output end. The rear bearing journal defines a substantially cylindrical cavity extending from the output end into the rear bearing journal. The engine crankshaft may further comprise at least one torque sensor operatively coupled to the rear bearing journal. The at least one torque sensor is configured to generate a torque signal corresponding to a torque exerted on the rear bearing journal. The torque exerted on the rear bearing journal is indicative of a torque output of an engine.

Abstract: A piston rolling thrust bearing construction is constituted of a pair of bearing plates with opposing faces disposed in a spaced alignment with a rolling ball assembly positioned between the opposing faces to support relative movement between the bearing plates. The piston rolling thrust bearing is mounted to the open end of the skirt of a piston disposed in a cylinder to compensate for non-axial motion relative to the cylinder axis due to the articulating motions of connecting elements or any structural misalignments within an engine drive train assembly.

Abstract: Included may be a crankshaftless internal combustion engine, including a power shaft unit in which a transferring path of a power system may be selected depending on a deactivated state and an activated state of a cylinder, a cylinder separator separating a power system of the deactivated cylinder from the power shaft unit by control of an ECU operated by a deactivated cylinder and an activated cylinder, and a compression changing unit varying a compression ratio of the activated cylinder in multistage.

Abstract: The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to piston machines and mechanisms for converting the movement of the pistons thereof into shaft rotation. The technical result of the invention involves increasing the operational reliability, extending the service life, improving the specific mass and dimensional characteristics and enhancing the effectiveness of a machine. The essence of the invention is that the piston and the crank of a piston machine are interconnected by means of a hinged joint with at least a flat hinge which enables the piston to self-center along the surface of a cylinder owing to the movement of the piston with respect to the crank in any direction on a plane that intersects the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. The surfaces of the crank that take up reactive torque are constricted by rollers with synchronized toothed wheels.

Abstract: A variable compression ratio apparatus mounted on an engine may include an eccentric bearing assembly engaged with the piston through a piston pin, and including an eccentric ring having an eccentric hole so that the piston pin may be rotatably installed therethrough while being eccentric to the eccentric ring, and an eccentric link connected to the eccentric ring to transfer rotation force to the eccentric ring, a first connecting rod rotatably installed at an one side in an axial direction of the eccentric ring, a second connecting rod rotatably installed at the other side in the axial direction of the eccentric ring, and a control shaft connected to the eccentric link to rotate the eccentric bearing assembly by transferring the rotation force to the eccentric ring.

Abstract: An engine with pistons (7, 8, 67, 68, 69) that follow a circular motion (6) and respective cylinders (11, 15, 77, 78, 79) that follow a counter-circular motion (13, 17) relative to the pistons, such that each piston follows a linear path (S) relative to the respective cylinder, and at least a top surface (8T) of each piston remains within the cylinder throughout engine operation, resulting in a stroke length (S) four times a radius (R) of the circular motion. The pistons may be interconnected by connecting rods (9) without wrist pins, forming a multi-piston assembly (7-8-9, 115) as a single dynamic unit. Intake (110) and exhaust gas passages may go through the crankshaft (20, 20A) and the connecting rod assembly (115) to ports (130, 132) in the tops of the pistons via rotary valves (126, 128) in the connecting rod assembly.

Abstract: An engine comprises one or more cylinders, each cylinder comprising a piston, a connecting rod, a crank shaft, and a crankpin, wherein the crankpin further comprises a main crankpin and a crankpin extension, wherein the connecting rod is affixed at one end to the piston and at another end to a first end of the crankpin extension, wherein a second end of the crankpin extension is affixed to a first end of the main crankpin, and wherein a second end of the main crankpin is affixed to the crankshaft.

Abstract: Device for transmission of force from the pistons of a piston engine, where the pistons of two opposite combustion cylinders cooperate with alternating power strokes, the common piston rods of the cylinders being supported on a balance arm at a distance from the bearing of the balance arm to perform a rocking movement around the bearing, where the piston rods of two further opposite and cooperating combustion cylinders being supported on the balance arm opposite and at a distance from the bearing, and the balance arm being connected with a flywheel, where the bearings on the balance arm between the bearings of the balance arm and the bearings of the piston rods on the balance arm being directly connected with a shaft for energy transforming means.

Abstract: A seal alignment system includes an engine block, a cover component spaced apart from the engine block and defining a first bore therethrough, and a crankshaft protruding from the engine block and extending through the first bore, wherein the crankshaft is rotatable about a central longitudinal axis and has an outer surface. The seal alignment system also includes an annular seal spaced apart from the engine block and defining a second bore therethrough, and an alignment device configured for coaxially aligning the annular seal with the central longitudinal axis so that the crankshaft extends through the second bore and the annular seal abuts the outer surface.