Abstract: In a system for controlling an injection timing are detected an oxygen concentration in an exhaust gas, and a specific gravity of a fuel. A smoke concentration is calculated based on the oxygen concentration and the fuel specific gravity. The fuel injection amount is corrected based on this smoke concentration.

Abstract: A combination of an apparatus (22) and an engine (30) to provide power to the apparatus, a vehicle (10) of the type having a hydraulic system for operating digging, excavating, or shovelling tools (16,21) for examples, the hydraulic system being pressurized by a pump (33) which is driven from the engine (30) of the vehicle, there being a fuel delivery system for providing fuel to the engine, and a sensing means (49) to sense operation of the apparatus, the fuel delivery system comprising means (48) responsive to the sensing means (49) to provide a first quantity of fuel to the engine (50) when the apparatus (22) is being operated, and to provide a second, reduced, quantity of fuel to the engine (30) when the apparatus has not been operative for a predetermined delay time.

Abstract: In a construction machine having an engine speed setting device, a throttle lever for instructing a set number of revolutions to the engine speed setting device, and plural operating levers each for instructing the operation of an actuator, an engine speed controlling system including a lever neutral detector for detecting a neutral condition of the operating levers and outputting a lever neutral signal. A positive action switch outputs a deceleration command signal when operated by an operator. A control device outputs to the engine speed setting device either a normal operation command at the set number of revolution provided by the throttle lever or a deceleration command at a small number of revolutions in accordance with the signals provided from the lever neutral detector and the switch.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a fuel injector has a microcomputer which calculates a basic pulse width of pulses to be applied to a fuel injector. When the voltage of a battery which powers a fuel pump and the fuel temperature fall below levels which cause the discharge pressure of the fuel pump to drop below a prescribed pressure, the microcomputer corrects the basic pulse width by lengthening it to compensate for the drop in fuel pressure. Pulses having the corrected pulse width are applied to the fuel injector.

Abstract: An automotive engine has a purge system for purging fuel vapor in a canister to an intake passage of the engine, and a learning control system. Fuel injection pulse width is determined by using a learning coefficient derived from learning memory. The learning memory stores a plurality of learning coefficients which are updated with change of characteristics of elements of the engine. When the purge starts, the learning coefficients stored in the learning memory are stored in an updating memory as updating coefficients. When the purge is cut off, the learning coefficients in the learning memory are updated with updating coefficients in the updating memory.

Abstract: A controller having an up/down switch for changing the rotational speed of a prime mover such as an engine, an actuator such as an electric motor for driving a governor on the basis of the operation of the up/down switch so as to control the rotational speed of the prime mover. A target speed is calculated on the basis of the operation of the up/down switch, and the prime mover speed is controlled by using the calculated value. Another switch is provided to immediately shift the prime mover speed to a speed previously set as desired. This shift switch is used to control the prime mover so that the prime mover rotates at the set speed, and this speed is adjusted by operating the up/down switch.

Abstract: A method for controlling the rotational speed of a thermal engine residing in that a speed of rotation of the theraml engine is preset, a control signal based on this speed is shaped to control the speed of rotation of an electric motor according to the rotational speed of one of the input shafts of a differential mechanism kinematically linked with the electric motor and thermal engine fuel metering member is kinematically linked with an output shaft of the differential mechanism, and a correction signal is simultaneously shaped for the speed of rotation of the electric motor at transient operating conditions on the basis of the speed of rotation of the output shaft of the differential mechanism.

Abstract: Disclosed is an engine-control apparatus in which an exhaust passageway of the engine is provided with plural sound deadening passages. A portion of the plural sound deadening passages is designed to be opened or closed by a shift valve on the basis of a predetermined switching characteristic, and the pressure of the exhaust gases is changed upon the switching of the shift valve. In order to prevent torque shock to the driven wheels which may occur attendant upon operation of the shift valve to open or close or in order to reduce probability that torque shock would occur, there is provided a torque regulating apparatus which permits an adjustment of torque generator by the engine, of a transmission efficiency of power to the driven wheel, or of a switching speed at which the shift valve is switched to open or close, or a change in the switching characteristic.

Abstract: The shut-down device stops a diesel engine by cutting the fuel supply or the intake air supply. The device comprises a timer having a capacitor which outputs engine stop signals for a predetermined time when a key switch is turned off, and a drive element having a switching device which supplies an actuator for stopping the engine with operation signals in accordance with the engine stop signals from the capacitor. The switching device includes an NPN-type transistor to receive the engine stop signals as a base voltage and to be connected to a starter of the engine, and a PNP-type transistor to receive a divdied voltage from a battery in accordance with the starter operation and to output the operation signals to the actuator.

Abstract: A solenoid is affixed to a bracket having a base complementary in configuration to a portion of the housing of a diesel engine fuel pump governor that is spaced from the governor's run/stop member; the bracket is mounted on the governor housing by two bolts that also serve to join two halves of the governor housing. A lever mounted on the run/stop member of the governor is connected, by a connecting rod and swivel connection, to the solenoid plunger, so that plunger movement responsive to energization of the solenoid rotates the run/stop member to a RUN position; on de-energization of the solenoid its spring drives the run/stop member to a STOP position. A support rod affixed to the center of the bracket and mounted to the governor housing by a cover mounting bolt braces the bracket against engine vibration.

Abstract: A method for setting the vehicle-engine torque comprises the step of: concentrating, in lower parts of operating ranges of engine speed of the engine, any of: operating ranges of engine speed of the engine, which ranges are determined by power output characteristics inherent in the engine; and the majority of operating ranges of engine torque. The method comprises the step of: selecting an acceleration torque set value at a time when acceleration conditions of a vehicle carrying the engine is detected by a detecting means, which acceleration torque set value is larger than a normal torque set value.

Abstract: An electronic module interfaces a microcomputer with the fuel injection equipment of a diesel engine so that the microcomputer, acting through the module, exercises control over the fuel injected into the engine. A pulse width modulated fuel deliver control signal issued by the microcomputer is transmitted through the module to energize a proportional solenoid actuator that positions the fuel rack. Rack position is sensed by an eddy current sensor that provides feedback through the module to the microcomputer so that the rack position is closed-loop controlled. The sensor has a measurement coil for measuring rack position and a reference coil for temperature compensation. The two coils are connected in a circuit of the module that produces a pulse width modulated feedback signal which is supplied to the microcomputer in synchronism with the fuel deliver control signal. This latter circuit comprises an L/R monostable for each coil and pulse stretchers that stretch the output pulses from the monostables.

Abstract: A speed governor for fuel injection pumps of internal combustion engines has an electric control motor driven via an electronic control unit for actuating a quantity control member of the injection pump. A travel limitating element of the quantity control member is provided in order to determine the maximum injection quantity. The travel limitating element is adjustable independently of the electronic control unit between a position for the starting quantity and a position for the full-load quantity in accordance with engine characteristics. While the operating rpm performance graph is controlled by the electrical portion of the speed governor, the maximum rpm is determined by hydraulic-mechanical means.

Abstract: The method enables the dynamic running characteristics of diesel engines to be adjusted by use of a simulator via an electronic speed governor R for controlling the fuel pump injection. The method allows simulation of the number of cylinders and number of strokes of the diesel engine under adjustment, and variation of the torque curve of individual cylinders. It is also possible to test the running of the diesel engine and its governor (R) under load changes of the most diverse kinds, such as load reduction or complete or partial failure of a cylinder. The simulator includes blocks for generating signals corresponding to an injection pump setting, for simulating the torque curve or curves of the engine cylinders and integrating the generated torque signals including on-load torque and disturbance signals to form a speed signal. A voltage/frequency convertor converts the speed signal to a frequency signal for output to the electronic governor.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus comprises a body housing a high pressure fuel pump to which fuel is supplied by an angularly adjustable throttle member from a low pressure pump. The throttle member mounts an arm and a hollow housing is provided which is secured to the body. A support carries an electromagnetic actuator the armature of which is connected at one end to a connecting rod the other end of which is connected to the arm. A transducer is mounted about and movable with the connecting rod. A clamp adjustably clamps the support within the housing and the clamp can be released to enable for a given axial setting of the connecting rod, the output of the apparatus to be adjusted.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines having an electromagnetic final control element, which in order to adjust the end or onset of injection engages a control slide, located in the pump interior. Via a control shaft, the final control element chamber is hermetically sealed off from the pump interior in order to keep water contained in the fuel from reaching current-carrying parts of the final control element. As a result, fluid communication exists only via the bearing gap of the slide bearing of the control shaft and the bearing gap functions as a throttle. The throttle forms a water separator, which further reduces the concentration of water in the already small quantity of fuel reaching the final control element chamber through the throttle.

Abstract: In a fuel injection system having a distribution-type fuel injection pump, fuel is supplied successively to cylinders of an engine from a pressurizing chamber of the pump. The pressurizing chamber communicates with a low-pressure chamber through a relief passageway opened and closed by an electromagnetic valve. During a stroke in which volume of the pressurizing chamber is reduced by each forward stroke of a plunger, opening and closing of the valve are controlled, to control starting timing and/or termination timing of fuel injection to the cylinders. A delay occurs in the starting timing and/or the termination timing with respect to drive pulses supplied to the valve, due to an operation delay of the valve. A plurality of memory sections are provided for storing therein delay times for the respective cylinders.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines, which has a pump interior and a control mechanism chamber separate from it, with a control mechanism for actuating a quantity adjusting device determining the fuel injection quantity, is provided with an electrical temperature sensor, to compensate for the effect of temperature on the metered fuel quantity. The output signal of the temperature sensor is included as a correction variable in the control variable for the control mechanism. To assure accurate temperature measurement without delay, and for easy access to the temperature sensor for servicing, the temperature sensor is disposed in the control mechanism chamber and, with a temperature-sensitive sensor element, preferably an NTC resistor, dips into a permanent fuel flow diverted from the pump interior.

Abstract: In effecting individual cylinder fuel injection quantity control in an electronically controlled diesel engine, wherein rpm variation with every explosion cylinder is detected, and a fuel injection quantity spill control actuator is controlled with every cylinder so as to eliminate a dispersion in rpm variation between the cylinders, so that engine vibrations due to the dispersion in fuel injection quantity between the cylinders can be reduced, timing of a control command to the fuel injection quantity spill control actuator is determined in accordance with engine speed and engine load to avoid both a delay in control to a cylinder to be corrected and interference with the injection of fuel to a cylinder immediately before the cylinder to be corrected, and a control command for every cylinder is given to the fuel injection quantity spill control actuator at the determined timing.

Abstract: The control magnet is secured with cap screws on a cap of a control mechanism of an injection pump by means of a holder element, which is a two-armed leaf spring having pre-stressing. The leaf spring has a middle section which comes to rest flush on the magnet core and both arms come to rest flush on a support face of the cap. The spring force spring stressing of the two-armed leaf spring pre-stressed in this manner has an effect of keeping the control magnet secured such that it is not jarred loose even in the event of high acceleration peaks of the injection pump.

Abstract: In an automatic control method for moving a final control element, a position sensor delivers actual-position signals representing actual positions of the final control element to a computer, in which said actual position signals are compared with stored desired-position data associated with correcting signals for controlling an actuator for moving the final control element. In dependence on any deviation which is detected between said actual-position signals and desired-value data, the computer corrects the correcting signal so as to eliminate said deviation. To permit said desired-value data to be determined by an automatic operation, the final control element is consecutively moved to two reference positions, which are defined by stops and are disposed at or beyond the ends of the control range of the final control element.

Abstract: In a fuel injection system having a stepper motor (40) positioning the pump rack (32) in the fuel injection pump (18) to control the end of injection, a preloaded, compliant linkage (52,54,56) is interposed between the stepper motor output pinion gear (48) and the pump rack (32) to prevent a phase shift between the actual and the desired stepper motor position. The preload of the linkage (52,54,56) is set at greater than the normal operating load and less than the stepper motor output. The linkage includes a rack member (52) that is urged by a spring-loaded mechanism (76) against the output pinion (48) of the stepper motor (40) to maintain tooth engagement, and a clevis member (56) that is pivoted to allow the rack member to move away from the pinion in the event of a pump rack load of extremely high (tooth-damaging) magnitude. A closed throttle position is assured by a spring (99) urging the single-acting linkage against a stop (98).

Abstract: A fuel injection device for internal combustion engines is disclosed, wherein the fuel injection quantity for each fuel injection is determined by deducting an amount of fuel which corresponds to the amount of piston overshooting detected when a booster piston forces fuel at the preceding fuel injection. The fuel injection thus determined is substantially equal to the desired fuel injection quantity.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with an apparatus for controlling an engine mounted on a wheeled type construction machine. This engine controlling apparatus is adapted to set first and second torque performances conformable to a time of working of the wheeled type construction machine and a time of moving of the same and control an output torque of the engine in accordance with the aforesaid first and second torque performances at a time of working and a time of moving. Accordingly, by employing this controlling apparatus, working ability and moving ability of the wheeled type construction machine can be improved compaired with conventional apparatuses which control the engine on the basis of a single kind of torque performance.

Abstract: A stepper motor (40) is used to position the pump rack (32A) via a preloaded compliant linkage (52,54,56) in a fuel injection pump (18), thereby exercising control over the end of injection event in response to various engine operating parameters. One part (52) of the compliant linkage (52,54,56) is engaged with the output shaft (46) of the stepper motor (40). The stop (96) is provided at the zero throttle position of the engaged part (52) of the linkage (52,54,56), at the exteme distal end of its positional range. A position sensor (100) is located at a predetermined reference position away from the stop (96) to provide a signal indicative of the engaged part (52) being at that position. When the stepper motor (40) is advanced to move the engaged part (52) away from the stop (96), the pulse count to the stepper motor is rereferenced when the reference position is reached.

Abstract: A linear inductive transducer includes a cylindrical former about which is wound a winding. Surrounding the former is a magnetic sleeve having external flange means which is located against an end face of a first casing part. A core member is slidable within a bore in the former and the former has a head located against an end of the sleeve. A second casing part is located about the first casing part and defines a space in which the head is located. The space is filled with a synthetic resin which secures the casing parts together and retains the head in engagement with the sleeve and the flange means in engagement with the first casing part.

Abstract: In an apparatus operable with an injection pump of a diesel motor whereby the injection pump has an output setting element and a shut-off element, the output setting element is controllable by a digital control device. Also, the shut-off element is pulsatingly controllable by the digital control device such that a predetermined rotational speed of the diesel motor is achieved.

Abstract: In a fuel injection timing control apparatus for controlling the injection advance angle of fuel injected from a fuel injection pump having a solenoid valve which is opened/closed by a driving pulse for controlling the fuel injection, the apparatus has a detector for detecting a delay time of fuel injection due to the delay time of the solenoid valve, and the delay time of fuel injection is converted into the angle of a driving shaft of the pump corresponding to the delay time. A target advance angle according to the operating condition of an associated internal combustion engine is calculated and the output timing of the driving pulse is set by taking account of the angle corresponding to the delay time of fuel injection, whereby the target advance angle can be obtained in response to the driving pulse.

Abstract: An air intake apparatus for use in a spark-assisted diesel engine having a throttle valve mounted in an air intake connector connected with an air intake system of the engine, and a throttle valve actuating mechanism connected with a fuel regulating mechanism of the engine so that the throttle valve may be actuated or turned in the direction of throttling when the engine is operating at a partial load condition. The throttle valve actuating mechanism is connected through a mechanical device or the combination of the mechanical device and an electric device with the fuel regulating mechanism of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump, for use with a supercharged internal combustion engine, is provided with a full-load stop that is adjustable by means of a stepper motor in dependence upon operating parameters such as engine speed and manifold pressure. An electrical control device for the stepper motor is housed in a casing which is flange-mounted on the fuel injection pump and cooled by fuel. Electrical transducers for engine speed and manifold pressure are also mounted on the fuel injection pump.

Abstract: A self-adjusting fuel injection system includes a solenoid controlled fuel injection pump. A memory stores fuel injection information relating to the particular fuel delivery characteristics of the pump. A controller coupled to the memory and pump actuates the pump to provide a desired amount of fuel by correcting for the individual characteristics of the pump.

Abstract: A fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine has a fuel pressurization chamber and a fuel chamber which are coupled to each other by a solenoid valve. The timing of fuel injection and the amount of fuel to be injected are controlled by selectively opening and closing the solenoid valve. Valve opening delay times of the solenoid valve are measured, and averaged when the rotational speed of the engine is in a prescribed speed range. The mean value of the valve opening delay times is used as a valve opening delay time for increasing or reducing the duration of a drive pulse for opening and closing the solenoid valve.

Abstract: A device for setting the speed of, in particular, an excavator engine which is to operate at a speed adapted to the type of work to be done and is automatically shifted to resting speed when no work is done. In this manner, fuel consumption and the disturbing effect of unnecessarily high noise levels are reduced. The setting device includes simple electronic control units and actuates the fuel-controlling lever of the engine fuel injection unit. A d.c. servo motor is connected to said fuel-controlling level and is supplied with a reference value signal corresponding to the desired engine speed. By manual activation of a push-button on the control lever, the device provides the possibility of manually stepping the engine working speed upwards or downwards to at least three different levels. The device also includes a resting speed unit ("idling unit") having a preset high and preset low resting speed.

Abstract: In an idling operation controlling apparatus for performing an individual cylinder control of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, individual cylinder control data is corrected only during a predetermined period in accordance with a predetermined parameter relating to the state of the control of the amount of fuel injection of the internal combustion engine, in such a way that the time period required for the regulation of the injection quantity for each cylinder to reach a desired state is shortened, thus the response characteristic of the individual cylinder control system can be improved.

Abstract: An earth-moving machine has an automatic device for minimizing the running speed of the main engine when no power is required by the hydraulic actuators. This device establishes a predetermined hydraulic fluid flow-rate in the servocontrol in the non-neutral position of the servocontrol itself. This flow-rate is indicated by an on-off flow-rate sensor inserted in the auxiliary hydraulic control circuit between the pump and the servocontrols, this sensor controlling the variation in the operating condition of the injection pump of the main engine by means of an electromagnet.

Abstract: The number of steps required for a step motor to reach a target load is computed by dividing in proportion the number of steps required for the step motor to move a fuel metering member to move from an idle position to a full-load position by a ratio between a target load value of an electric command given by fuel supply command means such as an accelerator pedal to an internal combustion engine and a maximum value of the electric command. The step motor is driven by the computed step number to correct variations in the characteristics of the fuel supply command means. The number of load estimation steps for the step motor driven by drive means is determined by dividing in proportion an electric maximum command given from the fuel supply control means by a ratio between the actual amount of rotation of the step motor and the amount of rotation from the idle position to the full-load position, and a step-out condition of the step motor is detected from the estimation step number.

Abstract: A method of controlling an output of an internal combustion engine having an electronic governor device and/or that of at least one variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by the engine in which, when the engine is operated in a range of high speed revolutions approximately equal to or exceeding the number of revolutions of the engine at a rated point on a governor control curve specific to the engine, the engine is operated by the action of the electonic governor device at a given point of a curve of equal horsepower of the engine where an engine output torque is higher than that in the high speed revolution range and where fuel consumption is lower than that in the range.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine includes a spring loaded fuel quantity control member which is moved by increasing fluid pressure in a chamber to reduce the amount of fuel supplied. The pressure in the chamber is controlled by a pair of ON/OFF valves, the first valve admitting fluid to the chamber and the second valve allowing fluid to escape from the chamber. When the valves are closed an hydraulic lock is created to prevent movement of the member by mechanical forces applied to it during operation of the apparatus.

Abstract: In an individual cylinder control apparatus having a closed-loop control system for controlling an average speed of an internal combustion engine, the operation timing of the engine is detected and a timing signal for each cylinder, showing a predetermined measurement period determined to include at least that part of the period during which torque is produced due to fuel combustion in the cylinder concerned during which no influence arises because of torque produced in cylinders other than the cylinder concerned, is output in response to the result of the detection. In response to the timing signal, difference data representing the difference between the output from each cylinder and that from a predetermined reference cylinder among the cylinders is calculated.

Abstract: A fuel injection control system for internal combustion engine comprises a fuel injection pump including a plunger slidably reciprocating in synchronism with rotation of the engine and a spill port establishing communication between a low pressure chamber and a pump chamber. An electronic control unit is responsive to engine operating conditions for the determination of fuel injection time period and controls the solenoid-operated valve to close the spill port in response to the requirement of fuel injection into the cylinder and open the same to terminate the fuel injection. The fuel injection control system further comprises a circuit including two fixed resistors and two adjusting resistors so that first and second voltage signals are developed at its terminals. The two adjusting resistors respectively determine the value of the voltage signals.

Abstract: In controlling ignition timing in accordance with a deviation between a target ignition timing determined on the basis of at least an engine load and an engine speed and an actual ignition timing detected by use of an ignition timing sensor, when non-perfect explosion operating conditions, wherein an ignition signal is difficult to detect, or operating conditions in which the ignition signal is instable are present, an open loop control on the basis of the engine load and the engine speed is effected. Feedback control is effected when the ignition signal is detected with neither non-perfect explosion operating conditions nor instable ignition signal operating conditions being present. When the ignition signal is not detected, the aforesaid open loop control is effected and a trouble in the ignition timing sensor is detected.

Abstract: An electronically controlled fuel injection pump includes a control unit mounted on a pump body and having an internal cooling passage through which a fuel oil flows to cool electronic components of the control unit. On a wall or surface defining part of the cooling passage, there are disposed elongate ribs for preventing the fuel oil from lying stagnant in the cooling passage.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for generating start of combustion signals associated with the combustion events in a diesel engine (10), and for using such signals to control the timing of fuel delivery to the engine. The combustion event is sensed, as by an electrostatic (230, 330) or optical (130, 430) sensor, and signal conditioning circuitry (32) provides a start-of-combustion (SOC) signal (34) which is directly and precisely indicative of the time of the onset of combustion. The sensors (130, 230) include self-cleaning capabilities (48, 248) for extended operating life on an engine. The sensors may be incorporated in the structure of a glow plug (330, 430). The SOC signal (34) is advantageously supplied to a timing control circuit (26) which delivers a timing control signal (28) to a fuel delivery device, such as the controller (16') associated with a fuel pump (16).

Abstract: A control rack for driving the fuel injection quantity control member of an injection pump which supplies fuel to a diesel engine is driven by a magnetic actuator mechanism. The position of the control rack is transmitted to a position sensor via a tie bar which is pivotally supported by a support shaft. The sensor detects a signal corresponding to an actual amount of fuel to be injected. The support shaft is supported by a control member which is pivotally supported. The control member sets a reference position of the support shaft, and hence, sets the relative positional relationship between the control rack and the position sensor. A portion of the control member extends outside a housing, so that the reference position of the tie bar can be corrected outside the housing. The actuator mechanism is controlled by an instruction from a control circuit which calculates an optimal amount of fuel to be injected.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump device comprising a plunger (8) facing a pressurizing chamber (20) and actuated by a cam (12), a control sleeve (14) mounted on the plunger (8) in a fuel chamber (15) , an inclined groove (8d) and longitudinal groove (8c) provided on one of the plunger (8) or the control sleeve (14) for controlling the communication of the pressurizing chamber (20) and the fuel chamber (15) by way of an oil passage (8a) formed in the plunger (8), and control ports (14a) provided on the other of the plunger (8) or the control sleeve (14), which cooperates with both of the grooves (8c) and (8d). The effective stroke of the plunger (8) can be controlled by turning the plunger (8) around its axis to change the relative position of the inclined groove (8d) and longitudinal groove (8c) and the control ports ( 14a), and the prestroke thereof, this is a fuel injection timing, can be easily controlled only by moving the control sleeve (14) in the direction of the plunger axis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control device for the adjustment of the injection timing and/or the pumping rate of a fuel injection pump for IC engines in which the control commands from a microprocessor are transmitted by way of an electrical stepper motor via motion transmitting members with an intermediate spring force storage means to a control rod of the pump, there is a return compression spring with which the control rod may be returned from any position thereof to the zero delivery position.

Abstract: A method of measuring and/or controlling operating data, like soot content, engine speed, initiation of injection, and exhaust gas return of internal combustion engines, the method including the steps of ionizing gases at high temperatures in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine that experiences combustion operations, the ionized gases having components with the lowest ionization potentials, applying a current and a voltage to the ionized gases, obtaining electrical measuring signals of the current or voltage indicative of an electrical conductivity of the ionized gases, integrating the electrical measuring signals to define a curve plot of the electrical conductivity, detecting a quantity of components of the ionized gases that have the lowest ionization potentials based on the integrated electrical measuring signals, the detected quantity of components being associated with a portion of the electrical measuring signals and being indicatives of an amount of soot formed during each of the com

Abstract: In determining an optimum target fuel ignition timing in accordance with the engine operating conditions, including at least an engine load and an engine speed, the target ignition timing is determined on the basis of a corrected engine load and a corrected engine speed. The corrected engine load and corrected engine speed are obtained by making corrections, according to the engine operating conditions, to a detected engine load and a detected engine speed, respectively. In this way, the optimum target fuel ignition timing according to the engine operating conditions can be obtained without directly detecting a fuel injection quantity.

Abstract: An adjusting device for a fuel injection pump having a plug connection for connection with a control unit. In order to attain sealing off of the plug connection in the vicinity of its passageway through a cap of the housing, the plug connection is connected to a substrate secured in the housing, which substrate has a bushing-like extension passing sealingly through an opening in the cap, and contact pins and conductors are embedded in the substrate.

Abstract: In a fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine which has a fuel injection pump having a plunger and one control sleeve fitted on the plunger and capable of regulating both the fuel injection quantity and the timing of the beginning of fuel injection by the adjustment of the relative positional relationship therebetween, and a control unit for controlling the positional relationship in order to obtain the optimum fuel injection rate and fuel injection quantity, the apparatus comprises a detector for detecting any trouble occurring in the control system for regulating the position of the control sleeve and a limiting circuit for limiting the control operation by the control unit so that an excessive rise in the inner pressure of the cylinders in the internal combustion engine is prevented when the occurrence of the trouble is detected by the detector.