Abstract: A low cost multi cylinder radial aircraft engine is composed of an even number of individually functional, single cylinder slider crank model engines. They are mounted to a plate to form equally spaced radially oriented cylinders. In the preferred embodiment, use of standard, low cost, & mass produced two cycles engines are used. This in conjunction with a novel exhaust muffler and throttle mechanism results in a low cost radial engine. The individual engine shafts surround and are parallel to a central output shaft. Pinion gears on each shaft transfer power to a larger sun gear on the output shaft. This gearing synchronizes opposed pistons to reach top dead center at the same time resulting in vibration free piston motion and perfect balance of the entire engine. Said gearing also provides speed reduction for use of large diameter scale propellers. A rear mounted throttle mechanism controls individual carburetor throttles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carburetor for an internal combustion engine and especially for a portable small engine. The carburetor includes a carburetor housing defining an intake pipe and a control chamber which communicates with the intake pipe via intake channels. A fuel-feed line which is closable by an inlet valve opens into the control chamber. The inlet valve includes a valve seat formed in the fuel-feed line and a valve body mounted on a positioning lever which is connected to a membrane defining a wall of the control chamber. The positioning lever can be pivotally actuated to open the inlet valve to admit fuel into the control chamber. An actuating lever is pivotally mounted on the carburetor housing and can be pivoted from a rest position to an active position whereat the actuating lever applies a force against the membrane to displace the latter and pivotally actuate the positioning lever to immediately open the inlet valve when starting the engine.

Abstract: A modified carburetion and manifold arrangement to enable internal combustion engines to efficiently use fuels such as alcohols having high latent heat of vaporization. A variable venturi carburetion means (30) is combined with two manifolds-one (20) being larger for use during medium to high power operation and a second smaller manifold (24) for starting and low power operation.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising a crankcase adapted to rotatably support a crankshaft having an axis, the crankcase defining a plurality of crankcase chambers and including a generally flat manifold mounting surface including therein a first series of inlet openings aligned in the direction of the crankshaft axis, and a second series of inlet openings aligned in the direction of the crankshaft axis, the first and second series being laterally offset with respect to the direction of the crankshaft axis, and each of the inlet openings of the first and second series being respectively adapted to feed air to one of the crankcase chambers and having a minor dimension parallel to the crankshaft axis, a major dimension transverse to the crankshaft axis, and a portion overlapping the inlet openings of the other of the first and second series.

Abstract: A turbocharger control system utilized in a carburetor system including a carburetor having an air-fuel induction passage, a fuel supply passage supplying fuel to the air-fuel induction passage, and a turbocharger having a compressor impeller compressing an air-fuel mixture flow delivered to an engine intake manifold. The control system includes an air control valve which is positioned between a surge tank in the intake manifold and an air induction passage connected with the fuel supply passage and which controls an air bleeding amount supplied to the air induction passage in response to changes in pressure of the surge tank.

Abstract: A regulating device is proposed for the mixture composition of an internal combustion engine having a signal sensor and having regulating ranges which can be switched over between lambda equals one and the lean range. The lambda-equal-to-one regulation is effected by means of a two-point regulator and the lean regulation is effected either via an altered set-point value of the two-point regulator or with the aid of a steady regulator. The transitions between the two types of regulation take a course dependent on a selectable function, in order to avoid abrupt changes in rpm. A switchover is also made to controlled operation for a brief period at the beginning of each type of regulation.

Abstract: A fuel supply control system for a vehicle engine carburetor and particularly a carburetor that includes a variable venturi portion and fixed venturi or nozzle portion. The system includes a fuel valve for supplying additional fuel to the nozzle under low speed or high load conditions sensed by elements responsive to those conditions. The system also includes an air valve for controlling the air supplied to the nozzle and a sensor for closing the air valve to thereby also increase the fuel supplied to the nozzle under high load conditions. Other sensors of engine temperature also control the operation of the fuel and air valves.

Abstract: A system for controlling the air-fuel ratio for an engine comprises a first passage for communicating a portion adjacent to an inlet of an air bleed of a carburetor of the engine with a portion of the intake passage between an air-cleaner and a supercharger, a valve provided in the first passage, an actuator comprising a diaphragm operatively connected to the valve and first and second chambers defined by the diaphragm. A second passage is provided for communicating the first chamber with the intake passage at the upstream side of the inlet of the air bleed, and a third passage is provided for communicating the second chamber with the intake passage at the downstream side of a throttle valve of the engine. The actuator is so arranged that the valve opens when the difference between pressures in the first and second chambers exceeds a predetermined value, thereby supplying rich air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: A vehicle has a combustion engine, ground-engaging drive wheels, a power transmission for conveying power from the engine to the wheels, an induction passage for supplying motive fluid to the engine, a source of fuel, adaptive structure defining a fuel metering system communicating generally between the source of fuel and the induction passage, the adaptive structure having a valving arrangement in the fuel metering system effective to controllably alter the rate of metered fuel flow through the fuel metering system, and a manually controlled adjustment operatively connected to the valving arrangement, the manually controlled adjustment being effective to selectively control the valving arrangement in order to thereby selectively alter the rate of metered fuel flow to the engine.

Abstract: A system for controlling a carburetor of an engine provided with a supercharger. A passage is provided for communicating a float chamber of the carburetor with an intake passage through a changeover valve. A vent pipe is provided for communicating the float chamber with the intake passage. The changeover valve comprises a diaphragm, a vacuum operated chamber defined by the diaphragm, a valve body operatively connected to the diaphragm, a passage for communicating the vacuum operated chamber with the intake passage at the downstream side of the carburetor, an opening for communicating the float chamber with the intake passage, and an opening for communicating the float chamber with the atmosphere. The vacuum operated chamber and the valve body are so arranged that the valve body closes the first opening and opens the second opening at light load to communicate the float chamber with the atmosphere.

Abstract: A system for controlling the air-fuel ratio for an engine comprises a valve provided in an inlet of an air bleed of a carburetor of the engine. An actuator comprises a diaphragm operatively connected to the valve and first and second chambers defined by the diaphragm. An opening is provided for communicating the first chamber with the intake passage at the upstream side of a throttle valve of the engine, and a passage is provided for communicating the second chamber with the intake passage at the downstream side of the throttle valve. The actuator is so arranged that the valve closes when the difference between the pressures in the first and second chambers exceeds a predetermined value, thereby supplying a rich air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: A mixture control apparatus for a carburetor which precludes otherwise possible occurrence of fluctuation in the opening angle of the throttle valve even when the engine operation happens to fall near the boundary between the cold state and the hot state. The electric motor for driving the throttle valve is prevented from moving to the side of reverse rotation thereof from the side of normal rotation thereof past a home position after said engine has been changed to its hot state and unless a stop of said engine is detected.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a variable venturi carburetor adapted for controlling the air-fuel ratio by air bleeding operation which includes an actuator for controlling the amount of bleed air in response to the engine running conditions and a fuel jet having a fuel metering portion and an air bleed portion provided downstream of and adjacent to the fuel metering portion. The air bleed portion has an outlet opening adapted for delivering bleed air into the fuel passage and the inside diameter of the air bleed portion is designed to be slightly larger than that of the fuel metering portion. Especially, at engine idle operation, the restriction area of the air bleed portion is designed to become larger than that adjusted by the actuator and the inside diameter of the fuel passage downstream of the air bleed portion is designed to become large in such a manner that air and fuel flows may not be influenced by the restricting operation of the air bleed portion.

Abstract: A jet control type carburetor according to the present invention includes an intake pipe having an intake passage formed in an inner wall thereof, the intake passage allowing an intake air to flow therethrough; a venturi provided in the intake pipe, for controlling flow velocity and pressure of the intake air in the intake passage; a fuel nozzle opened into the intake passage and connected to a fuel supply source through a fuel passage for sucking the fuel within the intake passage from the fuel nozzle in order to introduce the mixture of air and fuel within the intake passage; a throttle valve provided downstream of the venturi, for controlling the flow rate of the mixture of intake air and fuel; a control fluid nozzle opened into the intake passage and connected to a fluid supply source through a control fluid passage for jetting the flow of the control fluid to the fuel spurted from the fuel nozzle to afford the kinetic energy of the control fluid to the fuel, and a throttle means provided upstream of the

Abstract: A device for controlling air-fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine with a use of the signal from an oxygen sensor adjacent to a three-way catalytic converter, the device comprising throttle sensor for detecting the transient running state of the engine and supplying the detected signal to a controller, integration by an integration circuit in the controller being commenced at a predetermined value produced in an initial voltage setting circuit in the controller, regardless of the preceding value of the output of the integration circuit, in such a transient state as a sudden deceleration.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio controller for carburetors in which an auxiliary fuel system opening to the downstream side of a throttle valve of a carburetor is provided separately from the main and slow fuel systems of the carburetor. The air-fuel ratio of the mixture flowing through this auxiliary fuel system is controlled by a solenoid valve adapted to operate in accordance with either one or both of a parameter representing the warming up after cold start and a parameter representing deceleration of the engine.

Abstract: Disclosed herewith an air/fuel ratio control device for and internal combustion engine which is capable of carrying out either feedback control or open loop control. In feedback control, a signal indicating the concentration of exhaust gas components is generated and fed to a fuel supply control device. In open loop control, a fuel injection rate is determined corresponding to intake air flow rate. For switching between feedback control and open loop control, the air/fuel ratio control device is provided with a means for detecting an abnormal condition of signal, and a means operative in response to the abnormal signal to interrupt feedback control. The air/fuel ratio control device is further provided with a means for detecting stopping of the abnormal signal and for returning control operation to feedback control.

Abstract: A system for feedback control of the air/fuel mixing ratio in an internal combustion engine equipped with a carburetor. The control system has an air/fuel ratio detector of a gas sensor type which provides a feedback signal to a control circuit and a rotary valve which is operated by a stepping motor responsive to a control pulse signal produced by the control circuit to regulate the fuel feed rate so as to nullify a deviation of the detected actual air/fuel ratio from a preset air/fuel ratio. The control system may include two auxiliary air-admitting passages respectively connected to a main fuel passage and a slow fuel passage in the carburetor, and in this case the single rotary valve is designed and arranged so as to simultaneously control the admission of air into both of the two auxiliary air-admitting passages.

Abstract: A jet control type carburetor according to the present invention includes an intake pipe having an intake passage formed in an inner wall thereof, the intake passage allowing an intake air to flow therethrough; a venturi provided in the intake pipe, for controlling flow velocity and pressure of the intake air in the intake passage; a fuel nozzle opened into the intake passage and connected to a fuel supply source through a fuel passage for sucking the fuel within the intake passage from the fuel nozzle in order to introduce the mixture of air and fuel within the intake passage; a throttle valve provided downstream of the venturi, for controlling the flow rate of the mixture of intake air and fuel; a control air nozzle opened into the intake passage and connected to an air supply source through a control air passage for jetting the flow of the control air to the fuel spurted from the fuel nozzle to afford the kinetic energy of the control air to the fuel; and a throttle means provided upstream of the control a

Abstract: An atmospheric pressure compensation device has a reed valve of a resiliently bendable sheet material extending over a flat valve seat which defines therein an opening leading to an air passage to be connected to an air bleed of a carburetor, for example. The angular position of the freely bendable end portion of the reed valve relative to the valve seat is varied by a bellows member which is expansible and contractible in response to variation in the atmospheric pressure, to thereby control the rate of air flow through the opening and the passage to the air bleed. A fulcrum member is disposed in engagement with the reed valve to urge the same against the valve seat. The point of engagement of the fulcrum member with the reed valve is variable along the length thereof to vary the freely bendable length of the reed valve.

Abstract: A fuel system for an internal combustion engine and comprising a housing having a first chamber of cylindrical cross-sectional configuration with an upper air inlet port open to an air door and a lower outlet port connected to the engine intake manifold, a cylindrical spool rotatably positioned in the first chamber and having opposed openings which align with the inlet and outlet ports when the spool is in a full open position, a second chamber provided in the housing open to the heat of the engine exhaust system and separated from the first chamber by a partition, a fuel heating envelope secured within the second chamber whereby the heat of the exhaust system surrounds the envelope for heating the interior thereof, a fuel jet extending into the fuel envelope for admitting a fuel thereto, a bleed air passageway provided in the housing for directing air from the exterior thereof to the interior of the fuel envelope, a fuel nozzle secured through the wall and having one end open to the interior of the fuel heat

Abstract: A carbureting type fuel metering apparatus has an induction passage into which fuel is fed by several fuel metering systems among which are a main fuel metering system and an idle fuel metering system, as generally known in the art; engine exhaust gas analyzing means sensitive to selected constituents of such exhaust gas creates feedback signal means which through associated transducer means become effective for controllably modulating the metering characteristics of the main fuel metering system and the idle fuel metering system.

Abstract: A free standing air bleed control module is connected to an automotive downdraft type carburetor only by tubing so that it can be located in any convenient position in the engine compartment and yet provide a complete air bleed function to the carburetor fuel lines without a new casting for the carburetor; the module containing a bleed air metering valve movable by a servo to control the flow of bleed air into the fuel lines of the carburetor, the servo being controlled by a computer sensitive to engine operating conditions to schedule the bleed of air at the desired time.

Abstract: A system for controlling in a feedback control mode the air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture to be supplied to an internal combustion engine in response to the deviation from a reference value, of an output of an exhaust sensor for sensing the concentration of a component of engine exhaust gas. The reference value is varied even during stopping of the feedback control due to an lowered engine temperature, thereby preventing an erroneous control. Additionally, the reference value and the value of a current flow to the exhaust sensor are varied immediately when the feedback control is stopped due to lowering in the engine temperature, thereby quickening the initiation of the feedback control.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus of an internal combustion engine controls the change in the amount of fuel discharged into an intake passage downstream of a throttle valve of the engine more smoothly in accordance with the change in the amount of fuel discharged into the intake passage upstream of the throttle valve. Thus, the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture fed into the cylinder of the engine is changed smoothly without causing a surging phenomenon to occur in the engine.

Abstract: In a closed loop air-fuel mixture control system for carburetor-equipped internal combustion engines, an exhaust gas sensor provides a feedback signal to a control unit where the signal is modified to meet the control characteristics of the closed loop. The modified feedback signal is converted into digital pulses whose width varies with the amplitude of the feedback signal. Additional air is supplied to the engine through an air bleed in accordance with the magnitude of the analog feedback signal to provide a coarse control of air-fuel ratio and in response to the digital pulses to provide a fine control of the ratio. The mixture is controlled in a wide range of ratios to eliminate the need for calibration which would be required for fitting the closed loop system to the time-varying characteristics of individual carburetors.

Abstract: An electronic fuel injection system is provided with a closed loop control having a plurality of loops for proportioning a mixture of air and fuel delivered to an internal combustion engine. The system has a sensor for providing an electrical signal, the magnitude of which varies in proportion to the concentration of a constituent of exhaust gas from the engine. A first of the loops compensates for small amplitude, short term disturbances of said signal. The second loop compensates for large amplitude, long term signal disturbances. Signals from the first and second loops are combined to produce a composite signal that maintains precise control over the average air/fuel ratio while generating rapid small amplitude fluctuations in that air/fuel ratio which shortens the response time of the system and increases its ability to reduce exhaust gas pollutants.

Abstract: Disclosed ia an air-fuel ratio control method and apparatus of an internal combustion engine. The control of the air-fuel ratio is accomplished by controlling the amount of fuel provided into the engine according to a plurality of separate electrical engine condition signals which indicate the operating condition of the engine, and according to an electrical air-fuel ratio correction signal which is determined in accordance with the air-fuel ratio of the engine. The value of at least one of the engine condition signals is corrected according to a signal which indicates a mean value of the air-fuel ratio correction signal. The correcting operation is executed so that the value of the mean value signal becomes nearly equal to a predetermined value which corresponds to the air-fuel ratio correction signal when a desired air-fuel ratio is obtained.

Abstract: A floatless variable venturi type carburetor in which the float chamber is substituted by a fuel pressure regulator. The carburetor has, in addition to the ordinary constituents such as variable orifice, fuel metering jet and air bleed, a fuel valve disposed in the fuel passage leading to the fuel metering jet and adapted to be opened and closed in relation to the turning on and off of the engine key switch, and a fuel pressure regulator adapted to regulate the pressure of the fuel introduced to the fuel metering jet through the fuel valve. The fuel pressure regulator has two regulating chambers, one of which being communicated with the inlet side of the fuel valve while the other being in communication with a venturi vacuum pickup port, so that the fuel pressure regulator maintains a constant pressure differential, by the action of a diaphragm separating two regulating chambers, between the fuel pressure at the inlet side of the fuel metering jet and the venturi vacuum.

Abstract: In vaporization means for liquid fuel for an internal combustion engine, the mixture strength is measured and used to control the rate of flow of liquid fuel into the air stream so as to maintain the mixture strength constant. Measurement of mixture strength is effected by measuring the temperature drop in the air flow due to the latent heat of the liquid fuel.

Abstract: An electronically-controlled carburetor is disclosed. This electronically-controlled carburetor is provided with a control fuel path in addition to a main fuel path opened to the venturi of the air horn. This control fuel, after being introduced to a constant pressure chamber regulated at a constant pressure, is further introduced to the air horn through a sonic flow nozzle provided at the opening of the constant pressure chamber, together with the control air introduced to the constant pressure chamber. The amount of the control fuel introduced to the air horn and the amount of the control air are regulated on the basis of control electrical signals generated by an electronic control circuit supplied with data indicative of engine running conditions. In this way, the air-fuel ratio is properly controlled over the entire range of engine running conditions.

Abstract: A feedback type air fuel ratio controlling system for detecting and controlling an exhaust gas composition of an engine. A gas sensor provides a sensor signal related to an exhaust gas concentration. This sensor signal is coupled through an automatic gain control (AGC) DC level amplifier to a deviation detector. The deviation detector compares the signal to a reference signal V.sub.p representing a stoichiometric air fuel mixture and provides a correction signal for adjusting the engine's air fuel ratio. The AGC DC level amplifier provides automatic DC level compensation for a slowly deteriorating sensor and, working in combination with the deviation detector, an AC hysteresis response for judging rich to lean and lean to rich changes sensed by the exhaust gas sensor.

Abstract: The system comprises a zirconium sensor interposed in the exhaust conduit of a gas-fueled engine for sensing both oxygen content and temperature of the exhaust gases, and for emitting electrical analog signals thereof to a comparator/controller. In turn, the latter transmits a complementary, derivative electrical signal to a current-to-pressure transducer. The transducer is supplied with gas under pressure, from the engine fuel (gas) supply line, and the pressure of this transducer-supplied gas is modulated by the aforesaid derivative signal. The modulated gas pressure is communicated with a gas cylinder, having a translating piston rod, which is operatively engaged with an otherwise standard gas engine regulator for trimming control of the flow of fuel (gas) through the regulator.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio controller for use in an internal combustion engine, of a type having an exhaust gas sensor disposed in the exhaust passage, a control circuit and a solenoid valve having a valve seat in which passages open leading to the air bleeds of the slow and main systems of the carburetor, the controller being adapted to actuate a valve of the solenoid valve, in accordance with a signal derived from the exhaust gas sensor, into and out of contact with the valve seat, so as to simultaneously control the flow rates of bleed air in the air bleeds of the slow and main systems. A recess is formed in the cooperating surface of the valve seat or the valve, at a position between the openings of the passages in the valve seat. This recess communicates with a chamber which in turn communicates with the air inlet.

Abstract: The invention is disclosed in the preferred embodiment as an electronic feedback carburetor system wherein, in the closed-loop mode of operation, an oxygen sensor monitors the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gases and supplies a signal to an electronic control unit which in turn causes a command signal to be supplied to the carburetor for adjusting the air/fuel ratio to a commanded value. The electronic control unit contains unique circuitry which selectively provides closed-loop and open-loop modes of operation depending upon the condition of other input signals to the electronic control unit. The circuitry contains integrator and stability circuits which are both utilized in the closed-loop mode to develop from the oxygen sensor signal a composite signal which provides for closely regulated control of the air/fuel ratio about a desired operating point at or in the vicinity of stoichiometric.

Abstract: A closed loop air and fuel ratio controller is responsive to the oxidizing/reducing conditions in the exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine to provide a control signal having a value for adjusting both the idle and main fuel metering circuits of a carburetor so as to supply an air and fuel mixture to the engine at a predetermined ratio. Two memory elements are provided, each being associated with a respective one of the idle and main fuel metering circuit for storing a value of the control signal provided by the controller. During operation of each of the idle and main fuel metering circuits, the value of the control signal stored by the respective one of the storage elements is updated in accord with the average value of the control signal provided by the controller.

Abstract: An engine air and fuel controller for a vehicle internal combustion engine is described wherein the mass fuel flow rate is controlled directly in response to vehicle operater command. The engine throttle is positioned by an electronic controller in response to the fuel flow rate to achieve a mass air flow rate determined to produce a scheduled air/fuel ratio. The controller includes a circuit which is responsive to the engine speed to limit the minimum value of the commanded fuel flow rate in accord with a predetermined schedule at a rate whereat the engine throttle is controlled to a scheduled open position during engine overrun conditions to improve engine operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the proportions of the air-fuel mixture constituents supplied to an internal combustion engine from a mixture preparing device such as a carburator, a fuel injection device or other suitable mixture preparing device. The method according to the invention serves to simplify the processing of output signals that are supplied to a mixture preparing device having at least two .lambda. sensors. The invention is especially suitable for use with large engines with several exhaust conduit systems, such as so-called V-engines, in which generally there is an unequal mixture distribution between the two rows of cylinders. By employing at least two .lambda. sensors in the exhaust gas conduit system for monitoring the exhaust gas composition, one succeeds in determining the mixture composition of the air-fuel mixture applied to all cylinders, and in influencing the air-fuel mixture in a suitable supplementary manner by a feed back of the actual value signals generated by the .lambda.

Abstract: A carbureting type fuel metering apparatus has an induction passage into which fuel is fed by several fuel metering systems among which are a main fuel metering system and an idle fuel metering system, as generally known in the art; engine exhaust gas analyzing means sensitive to selected constituents of such exhaust gas creates feedback signal means which through associated transducer means become effective for controllably modulating the metering characteristics of the main fuel metering system and the idle fuel metering system.

Abstract: During engine operation at low induction passage pressure, a carburetor main metering rod and idle bleed valve are reciprocated between a rich position and a lean position in response to energization of a solenoid according to a pulse width modulated duty cycle, while during operation at high induction passage pressure, the metering rod and bleed valve are moved to the rich position by a piston/spring combination.

Abstract: A mixture control system for an internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust gas sensor and a source of time-varying current connected to the gas sensor to inject thereto a current which varies periodically between two constant values to develop a corresponding periodically varying voltage signal which superimposes a voltage signal developed in response to the ratio of mixture supplied to the engine. An amplitude detector is provided to detect the periodically varying voltage signal to develop a signal representative of the temperature of the gas sensor. The detected voltage signal is compared in a comparator with a reference level corresponding to the operating temperature of the gas sensor to operate the mixture control system in open-loop mode, when the gas sensor is operating below the operating temperature.

Abstract: A fuel control system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas sensor from which feedback control signal is derived, a limiter for limiting the maximum and minimum voltages of the control signal and a triangular wave generator. The triangular wave has a constant amplitude peak of which the maximum value is slightly greater than the maximum voltage of the control signal and the minimum value is slightly below the minimum voltage of the control signal. A comparator is provided to produce an output at one of two binary levels depending upon whether the control signal is above or below the instantaneous value of the triangular wave. The output from the comparator is a train of pulses whose duty cycle ranges from predetermined minimum to maximum values which correspond respectively to the minimum open and closure times of air-fuel mixing control valves.