Abstract: A grate plate arrangement for stepped reciprocating grates includes a grate plate with a front plate fastened to a front wall in the direction of conveyance. The grate plate includes an adjustment plate being clamped between the front plate and the front wall of the grate plate for adjusting a motion gap between the front end of the grate plate and the following grate plate in the direction of conveyance which forms the next grate step. The adjustment plate is calibrated with the front plate still only loosely assembled, in its vertical position that forms the motion gap, and is held in this position by clamping the front plate.

Abstract: A stoker grate for circulating a combustible material includes a stationary grate sheet support and a moveable grate sheet support fitting with prop rolls on the stationary grate sheet support. The moveable grate sheet support includes a pair of moveable grate sheet supports opposed to each other and another pair of arc-shaped moveable grate sheet supports opposed to each other to form a long annular-shaped assembled support, stationary grate sheets fitting with mounting transverse beams of the stationary grate sheet support, moveable grate sheets fitting with mounting transverse beams of the moveable grate sheet support, the moveable grate sheets and the stationary grate sheets being disposed alternatingly, and a transmission unit. The driving moveable grate sheet support is hinged to the adjacent driven moveable grate sheet support and the driven moveable grate sheet supports are hinged to each other.

Abstract: The invention includes a grate system for a boiler. The grate system includes a grate unit and a side header guard. The grate unit supports fuel during combustion thereof, and has an upper surface, a lower surface, and upturned lateral edges. The side header guard is arranged along a side wall of the boiler and has upwardly and downwardly projecting fin portions. The upwardly projecting fin portion is adapted and configured to extend over and protect the boiler side wall from abrasion by fuel. The downwardly projecting fin portion is adapted and configured to extend over the upturned lateral edge of the grate unit, inhibiting passage of fuel therebetween.

Abstract: A grate plate arrangement for stepped reciprocating grates includes a box-like grate plate with a front plate fastened to a front wall in the direction of conveyance. Means for adjusting a motion gap between the front end of the grate plate and the following grate plate in the direction of conveyance which forms the next grate step includes a separate adjustment plate, which is non-positively clamped between the front plate and the front wall of the grate plate. The adjustment plate is calibrated with the front plate still only loosely assembled, in its vertical position that forms the motion gap, and is held in this position by clamping the front plate. A clamping bolt for clamping the grate plate on a grate carrier can be arranged such that the clamping bolt aligns with a fixing bolt for the front plate so that the clamping bolt can be actuated though access openings for this fixing bolt.

Abstract: The furnace with liquid-cooled grate elements has an inflow and a return to these grate elements, the inflow and the return being connected to a condensation device open to the atmosphere. The inflow has arranged in it a U-shaped cooling-liquid seal, one leg of which has a liquid head which corresponds to an arbitrarily selected maximum pressure. The other, shorter leg is connected to a central distributor for the individual grate elements of the grate stages. The distance between the lowest point of the coolant flow of the lowest grate element and the upper point of the shorter leg corresponds to a selectable safety height amount which generates a pressure which counteracts the spread of steam bubbles occurring in the grate elements, so as to prevent a reversal in the direction of flow of the coolant.

Abstract: To cool a grate having alternately fixed and movable rows (1, 1′) of grate bars (2), cooling liquid is sprayed into cavities (7), open at the bottom, of the grate bars (2) from spray tubes (10) situated in the underblast region (8) and in the process vaporizes essentially completely, so that the heat of vaporization is extracted from the grate bars (2). The angle sector (12) into which the cooling liquid is sprayed may be set in such a way that in each case only those sections of the grate bars (2) whose top sides form the free surface of the grate are sprayed. The cavities may also be closed except for a discharge opening leading into the underblast region and may be connected to a supply reservoir, in which the liquid is kept at a constant level, which is just below the discharge openings.

Abstract: A process wherein primary air supplied to the combustion bed through the thrust combustion grate is deflected after exiting from a surface of the thrust combustion grate by deflector elements mounted on the surface of the thrust combustion grate. The grate required for this purpose has grate plates made from a permeable hollow element with connection pieces for supplying and draining cooling water, with primary air supply ducts that run through the grate plate from a bottom to a top. Deflector elements against which the primary air exiting the outlet is intended to impact, are disposed over openings of the primary air supply ducts.

Abstract: A grate for a firing plant, having at least one grate track with a plurality of fixed and moving rows of grate-lining units, which rows alternate in the longitudinal direction, are bounded on both sides by side walls and are provided with cooling passages as well as with feed and discharge lines. The grate-lining units are connected at their rear end to a fixed or movable grate-lining bearer and rest with their front end on the following grate-lining unit, and the cooling passages being arranged essentially transversely to the longitudinal direction of the grate. The cooling passages are tubes arranged in a meander shape and integrally cast in the grate-lining units and whose spacing is adapted to the thermal loading on the grate-lining units. The tube spacing preferably decreases from the rear end to the front end of the grate-lining unit.

Abstract: A fire grate has tensioning devices (3) inserted in recesses (2) of an oven wall (1), with each device acting upon one grate side plate. The tensioning device (3) includes a cylinder (4) inserted into the oven wall, a hollow piston (7) guided therein and a spring (26), which can be adjusted in its tension. The grate side plate has a carrying plate (12) directly fastened to the piston bottom (10) with a grate border plate (13) suspended, or hanging, on the carrying plate (12). The piston (7) has diameter and length dimensions such that it can support and guide the grate side plate without further guiding devices. Neighboring pistons (7) are connected flexibly to each other by guiding bars (36), so that the pistons (7) can influence each other reciprocally. An upper edge of the grate side plate, particularly the grate border plate (13), has a flange (17) extending toward the oven wall. The flange (17) sealingly engages an elastical seal (19), fastened onto the oven wall.

Abstract: A furnace grate for use in a combustion furnace includes rows of grate bars positioned one behind the other, moveable and stationary grate bar supports, side plates, drive shafts and fluid cylinders. The grate bars are seated on the grate bar supports within the furnace while the fluid cylinders are positioned outside the furnace wall.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing ash build-up and clinker formation of a particulate fuel mass in a stove includes a grate having a plurality of openings therein and on which the particulate fuel mass resides. A bottomless container retains the particulate fuel mass on the grate. The grate is reciprocated with respect to the bottomless container and the particulate fuel mass such that the position of the grate openings is altered relative to the particulate fuel mass to channel stove air flow through various portions of the particulate fuel mass.

Abstract: A furnace having a thrust grate formed of grate bars which are loosely disposed on alternate movable and stationary grate bar supports, having freedom of movement to tilt in a vertical direction. In a horizontal direction, a grate bar is fixed on each grate bar support, preferably in the middle, and neighboring grate bars are connected to each other, the outermost grate bar on the stationary grate bar support being coupled to a driving element and which, upon thermal expansion, displaces a side shield with respect to the furnace wall.

Abstract: A grate bar support for use in combustion furnaces, particularly rubbish incinerators, has a hollow-box shaped member having a trapezoidal cross-section along a longitudinal direction and trapezoidal cross-section along a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction, a front and a rear end and a nozzle shaped air outlet opening located at the front end of the hollow box shaped member. A grate is formed by a plurality of overlapping alternately stationary and movable rows of grate bars having a stroke which corresponds to the distance two adjacent rows of grate bars are offset with respect to each other. Preferably, the grate bar supports are arcuately shaped so as to provide a tight grate surface in both cold and hot operating conditions.

Abstract: A grate bar assembly for use in a combustion furnace, particularly, in a waste incinerator having a combustion chamber, includes a plurality of overlapping rows of grate bars extending across the combustion chamber, each row of grate bars being composed of a plurality of juxtaposed grate bars; a grate bar support; and a preferably hydraulically operated releasable clamping device disposed outside the combustion chamber for laterally clamping the plurality of overlapping rows of grate bars and for moving the juxtaposed grate bars toward each other. A method of operating the grate bar assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: A wood burning stove incorporates a catalytic cell for reducing exhaust emissions from the stove. A pair of heat shields are spaced from opposing surfaces of a combustor to exchange thermal radiation with the combustor. The combustor is oriented at an acute angle to enhance the combustor life. One of the heat shields also functions as a deflector for deflecting exhaust toward the combustor. A secondary air unit supplies secondary air to the vicinity of the combustor. A dynamic grate assembly is employed to prevent under firing of the firebox.

Abstract: Element of stepwise grid for waste incinerator furnaces of the type forming, together with other similar grid elements, a course or step of a grid borne on a support beam comprising a rear articulated joint and a front thrust portion, provided with a swinging and sweeping hammer which slides on a grid element of a lower step, characterized in that it comprises an upper plate and a lower support box, coupled to each other by means of pairs of rear portions bent to a hook shape, which hook themselves onto said articulated joint, said articulated joint being accomplished by a continuous bar stably constrained to support plates welded onto said support beam.

Abstract: An incinerator comprises a combustion chamber 1 having a hearth comprising a grid 2, a vibrator 17 for vibrating the grid, and ash removal means 9, 18 for collecting ash that falls through the grid. The grid normally consists of a series of parallel bars and, when the hearth is elongated, these bars normally extend along the length of the hearth. The ash removal means comprises an inclined trough 9 and a hopper 18. Ash may be removed as a slurry. The incinerator comprises a sub-stoichiometric chamber to which is supplied insufficient oxygen for complete combustion Vibration of the grid allows ash to fall through the hearth and to be collected in the trough without ash causing abrasion to the incinerator components to improve the rate of burning. A preferred sub-stoichiometric chamber is separated from an ignition zone for a secondary chamber by a partition that defines a jacket around the zone, whereby improved heat exchange and compactness is achieved.

Abstract: This invention relates to a grate for burning solid combustibles and, more particularly, refuse in a fired furnace. The grate comprises a plurality of steps, each step including a plurality of adjacent grate bars with alternate steps of grate bars being movable relative to an adjacent step of stationary grate bars. Each grate bar includes a substantially horizontal platform terminating in a front lip, a pusher and means for pivotally mounting said pusher beneath the platform at a point near the back of the platform. The pusher includes a faceplate shaped to form an elongated channel with the undersurface of the lip to pass combustion air to said firing chamber. The relative position of the pusher and horizontal platform can be adjusted to vary the size of the air channel in order to adjust the amount of air fed to the firing chamber.

Abstract: A fire grate is adapted to support a combustible mass. It is inclined longitudinally from a feed end at which it receives the combustible mass to a discharge end. It comprises a plurality of elements disposed in transverse rows alternately fixed and mobile. Each element is rectangular in plan and has a top side and a bottom side, openings by means of which the top side and the bottom side communicate, and a generally transversely oriented front protuberance on the top side in the vicinity of its transverse edge at the feed end. All the openings are in a dorsal surface of the front protuberance facing the discharge end.

Abstract: To prolong the life of grate rods which have holders at one end for the rod holding elements of a grate, and have at the other end a support part for preferably inclined support on another rod, it is proposed that both a holder in the form of a recess and a support part be provided at each end of the rod. In this way, when the end of the rod used as the support part wears out, the rod can be turned so that its holder rests on this worn end.

Abstract: An improved grate block includes a blow-out channel terminating at a blow-out opening through the face of the block, the opening having pre-determined dimensional relationships with respect to the size of the front face of the block. The ratio of the width to the height of the front face is smaller than the ratio of the width to the height of the blow-out opening, and one-half the area of the front face is between 20 and 40 times larger than the cross-sectional area of each blow-out opening. Additionally, the blow-out openings are arranged above the horizontal center line and laterally spaced from the vertical center line through the front face, the channel sloping at an angle relative to the upper surface of the grate block which lies between about 15.degree. and about 25.degree..

Abstract: A stove firebox has a longitudinal opening in its bottom wall in which is supported upper and lower grates. The lower grate is slidable relative to the upper grate. Each grate has longitudinally spaced cross bars, and such cross bars and the openings therebetween have the same longitudinal dimension whereby upon offsetting the cross bars of the two grates longitudinally, an imperforate floor is provided and upon alignment of the cross bars, vertical passages are formed to sift ashes downward for cleaning the firebox. The slidable grate can be reciprocated to provide the sifting step. An interior draft inlet is provided at the bottom of the firebox adjacent the front.

Abstract: A coal burning grate for furnaces which is reciprocatably mounted to feed coal from a hopper into the furnace and to simultaneously remove ash from the furnace to an external ashpit. The grate may include a heel attached to the grate shoe to move ash in the ash pit to assist in the removal of the ash from the furnace.

Abstract: A solid fuel stove is disclosed having a hinged door adapted for loading of aggregate solid fuel in the form of lumps or chunks, such as coal, and a second hinged door located at the side or end of the stove, adapted for loading of elongated sections of long solid fuel, such as sections of wood. The stove further includes a third hinged door for cleaning out ashes, and a scoop-shaped baffle for restricting the flow of flue gases and diversion of unburned gases back into the combustion zone. Cast iron liners confine the burning area and protect the stove walls, and oval collar sections connect the upper back section of the stove with a conventional smoke pipe for exhausting the products of combustion.

Abstract: A furnace feed grate of an incinerator comprises transverse rows of grate blocks, the blocks of alternate rows being movable to feed refuse along the grate. Clamping devices at the underside of the grate resiliently urge together the blocks of the respective rows. At the lateral edges of the grate, sealing plates are resiliently urged into sealing contact with the ends of the rows independently of the action of the clamping devices. The grate, the clamping devices and the sealing plates can be removed from the incinerator as a single unit.

Abstract: A grate assembly for a shell boiler comprising a fire bed supporting means including a first apertured support member and a second support member mounted for mutual relative movement between a first position in which the apertures in the first member are obturated by the second member and a second position in which the apertures are not obturated and drive means for causing relative movement between the first and second positions at a speed to permit passage of ash through the apertures whilst continuing to support the fire bed.