Abstract: A metallic product compartment of a single-use, self-heating container has melted onto one or more of its surfaces and re-solidified a shaped fusible material containing a reaction suppressant. A method of manufacturing includes providing the product container, positioning the fusible material, as a solid, in contact with a metallic wall of the container, heating at least a portion of the metallic wall with an electromagnetic induction heater to at least partially melt a portion of the fusible material, and enabling the melted portion of the fusible material to cool and re-solidify, thereby adhering the fusible material to the metallic wall.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat generator that comprises an adhesive layer containing a volatile component and in which the volatile component is maintained in a stable state during storage, the volatile component is prevented from adhering to a heat-generating section, and it is possible to achieve an excellent warming effect during use. This heat generator comprises: a heat-generating section, an accommodation body that accommodates the heat-generating section and comprises an attachment surface to which an attachment body is attached, an adhesive layer provided to the attachment surface side of the accommodation body, and a release sheet provided to the attachment surface side of the adhesive layer. As a result of including a volatile component in the adhesive layer and providing a metal foil membrane to the release sheet, it is possible to maintain the volatile component in a stable state within the adhesive layer during storage.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat generator that contains a volatile component and in which the volatile component is stably maintained during storage, the volatile component is prevented from adhering to a heat-generating section, and it is possible to achieve an excellent warming effect during use. This heat generator comprises a heat-generating section (1), an accommodation body (2) for accommodating the heat-generating section (1), an adhesive layer (3) provided to an attachment surface side of the accommodation body (2), and a release sheet (4) provided to the attachment surface side of the adhesive layer (3). As a result of including a volatile component in the adhesive layer (3) and respectively providing gas barrier layers (211), (41) to a first packaging material (21) constituting the attachment surface side of the accommodation body (2) and to the release sheet (4), it is possible to stably maintain the volatile component within the adhesive layer (3) during storage.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating a product includes a storage compartment for a product to be heated and a heater module physically and thermally coupled to the storage compartment. The heater module has a housing that defines a reaction chamber. A rigid barrier is inside the reaction chamber and defines first and second portions thereof. A first reactant is inside the reaction chamber, and a flexible bag (with a second reactant) is in the first portion of the first chemical reactant. The first and second reactants react exothermically upon contact. A piercing element can pierce the flexible bag. After piercing, the a fluid path and one or more fluid channels carry the second reactant to a section of the first portion of the reaction chamber away from where the flexible bag is located.

Abstract: A self-heating container includes a first substance and a second substance that are adapted to produce an exothermic reaction upon contact with each other, a soluble material between the first substance and the second substance, a frangible membrane physically separating the second substance from the soluble material, and a means for rupturing the frangible membrane.

Abstract: Self-heating containers comprise a reaction chamber and a heating chamber. The heating chamber is sized to contain a substance to be heated. The reaction chamber contains reactants which, when contacted, exothermically react. The reaction chamber is divided into a first compartment and a second compartment with a barrier therebetween. The barrier comprises a first barrier portion and a second barrier portion. The first barrier portion is attached to a reaction chamber wall and has an opening sized to allow reactants to flow through from one compartment to the other. The second barrier portion is attached to the first barrier portion to close the opening. The barrier can be opened by moving an actuator into engagement with the second barrier portion to dislodge the second barrier portion from the first barrier portion and thereby open the barrier. In certain embodiments, the heating chamber can be a can with prepackaged comestible substance therein.

Abstract: Instant self-heating containers include a combinable reactant and activator used to generate an exothermic reaction for heating contents of the container. One instant self-heating container includes a target container, a pierceable activator container and a reaction chamber. Piercing the activator container causes activator to combine with the reactant and cause an exothermic reaction that heats the target container. The container may be used as depilatory wax dispenser. Another instant self-heating container includes an outer housing containing a contents pouch and a reactant, and capped by a lid having an activator chamber. Rupturing the activator chamber allows activator to combine with the reactant in an exothermic reaction to heat the contents pouch. Another instant self-heating container includes a flexible outer tube containing contents to be heated, a flexible reaction vessel, and a frangible activator vessel.

Abstract: A modular heating system and method is presented that automatically dissipates thermal energy from a heater or heated package if the energy cannot be assimilated without excessive temperature increase. A heater containing reactants that generate heat when combined is placed in thermal contact with a passive thermal control material which is in thermal contact with a container configured to contain a substance to be heated. The passive thermal control material allows the transmission of heat between the heater and the container as long as the temperature of the heat passing through the passive thermal control material does not exceed the activation temperature of the material. If the temperature of the heat passing through the passive thermal control material exceeds the material's decomposition temperature, the passive thermal control material decomposes and thereby dissipates heat.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heating pack including: a heating element; a first pack in which the heating element is charged therein and sealed; a second pack sealing the inside thereof in a state where the first pack is accommodated therein, and having a water introducing hole through which water is introduced through one of a front surface and a rear surface thereof; and a temporary blocking member attached in a state in which it blocks the water introducing hole, wherein the temporary blocking member is melted by water. Accordingly, in a normal state, the heating element can be prevented from being contaminated or acting as a heater due to the introduction of foreign matter from outside. Also, when a life jacket wearer falls into the water, the heating element is melted by the water, so that the heating element may be heated without any additional action taken by the wearer.

Abstract: A self-heating container and a method of manufacturing the container. The container has a simple structure in which the metallic outer body holds the consumable product, and a metallic inner body and plastic housing contain the two components which react to produce the heat for the self-heating function. A lower lid is crimped over flanges on the lower ends of the inner body and the outer body, forming a double seal. When a flexible portion of the housing is pressed, a seal is punctured, causing the two components to mix and generate heat through an exothermic chemical reaction which heats the contents of the container.

Abstract: Exothermic reactions are used in self heating products, such as food, beverages, and clothing. Temperature peaks are important as heat can cause user injuries or increase pressures within the heating container to unsafe levels. Disclosed is a composition that modulates chemical reactions by control of the reaction initiation. Solid exothermic reactants, like calcium oxide and zeolite, are wetted with a combination of water and at least one surfactant, such as polyethylene glycol. The use of surfactants limits the initial rate of wetting, and also provides modulation of the reaction by changing phase. Optional addition of weak acids or acid salts modulated temperature and pH.

Abstract: There is provided a heating device based on an exothermic reaction between first and second substances. The device comprises a first cavity holding the first substance, a second cavity holding the second substance, and a first barrier layer therebetween. The device further comprises a rotatable breaking element for rotating to breach the first barrier layer, thereby allowing mixing of the first and second substances to start the reaction.

Abstract: An apparatus for warming a container, the apparatus including a holder having an inner wall, an outer wall, and an insulation layer between the inner and outer walls, wherein the inner wall defines a first volume having a size and shape for receiving at least a portion of the container, and wherein the holder defines a second volume. The apparatus can also include a solution and an activation disk positioned within the second volume and in contact with the solution, wherein the solution and activation disk are made from materials such that a force applied to the activation disk causes the solution to undergo a chemical reaction that generates heat for warming the container in the first volume. Furthermore, the apparatus can include a disk actuator for applying the force to the activation disk, and elastic bands to increase thermal contact between the container and the solution.

Abstract: Self-heating containers comprise a reaction chamber and a heating chamber. The heating chamber is sized to contain a substance to be heated. The reaction chamber contains reactants which, when contacted, exothermically react. The reaction chamber is divided into a first compartment and a second compartment with a barrier therebetween. The barrier comprises a first barrier portion and a second barrier portion. A centering element can be used to facilitate alignment of the barrier portions.

Abstract: Self-heating systems for rapidly and effectively heating a comestible substance are disclosed. Self-heating systems generally include a reaction chamber and a heating chamber. The heating chamber contains a substance to be heated. The reaction chamber contains reactants that, when contacted, exothermically react. The containers and reactants can be configured to heat at least six fluid ounces of comestible substance in less than one minute. The solid chemical reactant mixture can comprise magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and/or calcium oxide. Methods for heating at least six fluid ounces of comestible substance in less than one minute are also provided.

Abstract: Self-heating containers comprise a reaction chamber and a heating chamber. The heating chamber is sized to contain a substance to be heated. The reaction chamber contains reactants which, when contacted, exothermically react. The reaction chamber is divided into a first compartment and a second compartment with a barrier therebetween. The barrier comprises a first barrier portion and a second barrier portion. The first barrier portion is attached to a reaction chamber wall and has an opening sized to allow reactants to flow through from one compartment to the other. The second barrier portion is attached to the first barrier portion to close the opening. The barrier can be opened by moving an actuator into engagement with the second barrier portion to dislodge the second barrier portion from the first barrier portion and thereby open the barrier.

Abstract: Instant self-heating containers include a combinable reactant and activator used to generate an exothermic reaction for heating contents of the container. One instant self-heating container includes a target container, a pierceable activator container and a reaction chamber. Piercing the activator container causes activator to combine with the reactant and cause an exothermic reaction that heats the target container. The container may be used as depilatory wax dispenser. Another instant self-heating container includes an outer housing containing a contents pouch and a reactant, and capped by a lid having an activator chamber. Rupturing the activator chamber allows activator to combine with the reactant in an exothermic reaction to heat the contents pouch. Another instant self-heating container includes a flexible outer tube containing contents to be heated, a flexible reaction vessel, and a frangible activator vessel.

Abstract: Self-heating containers comprise a reaction chamber and a heating chamber. The heating chamber is sized to contain a substance to be heated. The reaction chamber contains reactants which, when contacted, exothermically react. The reaction chamber is divided into a first compartment and a second compartment with a barrier therebetween. The barrier comprises a first barrier portion and a second barrier portion. The first barrier portion is attached to a reaction chamber wall and has an opening sized to allow reactants to flow through from one compartment to the other. The second barrier portion is attached to the first barrier portion to close the opening. The barrier can be opened by moving an actuator into engagement with the second barrier portion to dislodge the second barrier portion from the first barrier portion and thereby open the barrier. In certain embodiments, the heating chamber can be a can with prepackaged comestible substance therein.

Abstract: Instant self-heating containers include a combinable reactant and activator used to generate an exothermic reaction for heating contents of the container. One instant self-heating container includes a target container, a pierceable activator container and a reaction chamber. Piercing the activator container causes activator to combine with the reactant and cause an exothermic reaction that heats the target container. The container may be used as depilatory wax dispenser. Another instant self-heating container includes an outer housing containing a contents pouch and a reactant, and capped by a lid having an activator chamber. Rupturing the activator chamber allows activator to combine with the reactant in an exothermic reaction to heat the contents pouch. Another instant self-heating container includes a flexible outer tube containing contents to be heated, a flexible reaction vessel, and a frangible activator vessel.

Abstract: A heating device comprises a heating chamber defining an interior space for receiving and storing a substance to be heated, a heater for use as a source of heat which includes a reaction chamber, a solid state reaction composition disposed within the reaction chamber such that it is physically isolated from and in thermal communication with the interior space of the heating chamber, an activation mechanism in communication with the composition disposed within the reaction chamber, and wherein the reaction composition is inert until the activation mechanism is actuated. Activation mechanism comprises an actuator having a user interface portion and an actuation portion, and the actuation portion carries a reaction initiation material that, when assembled with the heater, is capable of initiating a chemical reaction in the chemical composition when the actuation portion is actuated by a user.

Abstract: Self-heating containers comprise a reaction chamber and a heating chamber. The heating chamber is sized to contain a substance to be heated. The reaction chamber contains reactants which, when contacted, exothermically react. The reaction chamber is divided into a first compartment and a second compartment with a barrier therebetween. The barrier comprises a first barrier portion and a second barrier portion. The first barrier portion is attached to a reaction chamber wall and has an opening sized to allow reactants to flow through from one compartment to the other. The second barrier portion is attached to the first barrier portion to close the opening. The barrier can be opened by moving an actuator into engagement with the second barrier portion to dislodge the second barrier portion from the first barrier portion and thereby open the barrier.

Abstract: A container for housing and producing a liquid comestible product and in situ heating or cooling thereof is constructed for rotation of the lid to release a comestible powder into water. Rotation of the base causes a chemical reaction to be initiated for heating or cooling the comestible powder/water blend.

Abstract: Heating units, drug supply units and drug delivery articles capable of rapid heating are disclosed. Heating units comprising a substrate and a solid fuel capable of undergoing an exothermic metal oxidation reaction disposed within the substrate are disclosed. These heating units can be actuated by electrical resistance, by optical ignition or by percussion. Drug supply units and drug delivery articles wherein a solid fuel is configured to heat a substrate to a temperature sufficient to rapidly thermally vaporize a drug disposed thereon are also disclosed.

Abstract: A self-heating container (1, 2) to prepare a fresh hot beverage containing a compartment containing a heat-delivering substance (8) to heat the liquid in the device, an airtight compartment (11) containing a measured amount of liquid to be heated, an airtight compartment containing a measured amount of dry matter for preparing a hot beverage, a filter (11) for separating the dry matter from the liquid (optional) and a compartment containing a measured amount of liquid to actuate the heat-delivering substance (8) with the attribute that the heat-delivering substance is actuated (13) simultaneously with the release of the dry matter to the compartment containing the measured amount of liquid to be heated during actuation.

Abstract: A container cap or lid used to make a self-heating or self-cooling container having an improved shelf-life and an independent heat-transfer compartment or insert in which are utilized liquid-activated endothermic or exothermic agents, a liquid-activated mixer within the compartment, a simple actuation means for initiating the cooling or heating processes and a method for using the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a temperature control pouch pack including: a first pack which is filled with a predetermined reaction fluid and a reaction material that react with each other to cause a certain reaction while isolating one of the reaction fluid and the reaction material from the other one; and a second pack which is disposed to exchange heat with the first pack and accommodates an article of which temperature is in need of control.

Abstract: Exothermic reactions are used in self heating products, such as food, beverages, and clothing. Temperature peaks are important as heat can cause user injuries or increase pressures within the heating container to unsafe levels. Disclosed is a composition that modulates chemical reactions by control of the reaction initiation. Solid exothermic reactants, like calcium oxide and zeolite, are wetted with a combination of water and at least one surfactant, such as polyethylene glycol. The use of surfactants limits the initial rate of wetting, and also provides modulation of the reaction by changing phase. Optional addition of weak acids or acid salts modulated temperature and pH.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are multiple-part electrochemical thermal signaling or marking systems, comprising at least one first part comprising at least one super-corroding alloy and at least one absorbent material, and at least one second part. The at least one first part and the at least second part must be kept separate until use, at which time they are combined and heat generation commences. Further disclosed herein are containment devices comprising such thermal signaling or marking systems.

Abstract: Disclosed is various embodiments of a self-heating or self-cooling container with a number of improved features in overcoming the problems associated with existing containers, including, but not limited to, an improved breaking device designed to maximize the mixture and reaction between different reactants, an insulating lip to prevent heat loss in the heating process, a simple and efficient design of the container, and enhancements in manufacturing and assembling a self-heating or self-cooling container.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flameless, portable heating container. In a typical embodiment, the heating container contains a liquid activated heating material (e.g., in pack or disk form) and utilizes a recycled heating design. The design includes a set of chambers or compartments such a: a first compartment for holding a material to be heated; a second compartment containing an activation liquid; and a third compartment comprising a protrusion and a liquid activated heating material activated by the activation liquid, the protrusion being configured to puncture a divider between the second compartment and the third compartment so that the activation liquid contacts and activates the liquid activated heating material. It is understood that for the purposes of this disclosure, the terms chamber and compartment may be used interchangeably.

Abstract: A self heating beverage cup has a container portion adapted to hold a selected liquid. The container portion is double walled and has a water holding portion disposed between the walls along a top portion and a chemical holding portion disposed along a bottom portion. The water holding portion has two removable seals disposed on a bottom portion so that when removed, the water flows down to mix with a chemical in the chemical holding portion. The chemical is calcium oxide which releases heat when mixed with water. A string is provided to allow the user to remove the two removable seals by pulling therein. In one embodiment, a bladder is provided to contain the water. A metallic portion thermally connects the chemical holding portion to a portion of the container portion so that heat is transferred into the liquid therein.

Abstract: A self-heating beverage container includes a housing defining an open interior area for holding a liquid and defining a cavity separated from the open interior area. The container includes a heater portion removably coupled to the housing within the cavity. First and second reactants may be positioned in the cartridge area where they may be selectively combined to produce heat when a seal between them is punctured, causing the liquid to be heated. The container includes a selection portion that is selectively separable from the housing. A plurality of flavoring agents is positioned in the selection portion, each flavoring agent being separated from each other flavoring agent. Each flavoring agent is selectively separated from said open interior area by at least one breakable barrier. Each breakable barrier may be selectively pierced so as to dispense an ingredient into the liquid where it may be selectively mixed and heated.

Abstract: An apparatus which is self-contained, disposable, utilized for protecting the distal lens of endoscopes. The apparatus is sterile and is used as a holder or as an anti-fog solution applicator for the scope while protecting it from impact with a shock absorbent outer housing. A new method for protecting endoscopes by placing an inexpensive sterile protective cover over the distal lens of the endoscope which entails, placing the protector over the distal lens prior to medical procedure, protective cover is used intermittently and repeatedly during the medical procedure when the scope is not in use. Finally, at the end of the medical procedure the protective cover is placed over the distal lens and not removed until the scope reaches the area where it will be cleaned and sterilized. By protecting the scope prior to, during and after a medical procedure, endoscope repairs are reduced thereby saving hospitals money.

Abstract: The present invention is a package for selectively heating or cooling a food product of the package utilizing a temperature-changing pack disposed within an inner container. The temperature-changing pack is formed in a manner which prevents the inadvertent or premature mixing of the chemical reagents to initiate the heating or cooling reaction. Further, the temperature-changing pack is positioned within the inner container at a location where the food product comes into contact with the pack on multiple sides to maximize the heat transfer between pack and the food product. The inner container can be positioned within a reusable outer sleeve that insulates the inner container to further maximize the heat transfer between the pack and the food product.

Abstract: A self-heating container (1, 2) to prepare a fresh hot beverage containing a compartment containing a heat-delivering substance (8) to heat the liquid in the device, an airtight compartment (11) containing a measured amount of liquid to be heated, an airtight compartment containing a measured amount of dry matter for preparing a hot beverage, a filter (11) for separating the dry matter from the liquid (optional) and a compartment containing a measured amount of liquid to actuate the heat-delivering substance (8) with the attribute that the heat-delivering substance is actuated (13) simultaneously with the release of the dry matter to the compartment containing the measured amount of liquid to be heated during actuation.

Abstract: A cartridge comprising: a first reactant cavity for containing a first reactant; a second reactant cavity for containing a second reactant, which second reactant cavity is in an operative condition located below the first reactant cavity; a frangible barrier separating the first and second reactant cavities; a flexible member defined at an end of the first reactant cavity remote the barrier, the member having a receiving formation on an inner surface thereof for receiving an end of an elongate member therein, which elongate member extends towards the barrier; one or more openings located in an operatively upper region of the second reactant cavity; and where in use, the integrity of the barrier is disrupted by a force acting on an outer surface of the flexible member to displace it towards the barrier, thereby causing the elongate member to disrupt the integrity of the barrier and permitting the first and second reactants to react with each other. A kit comprising the cartridge disclosed above.

Abstract: Self-heating systems for rapidly and effectively heating a comestible substance are disclosed. Self-heating systems generally include a reaction chamber and a heating chamber. The heating chamber contains a substance to be heated. The reaction chamber contains reactants that, when contacted, exothermically react. The containers and reactants can be configured to heat at least six fluid ounces of comestible substance in less than one minute. The solid chemical reactant mixture can comprise magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and/or calcium oxide. Methods for heating at least six fluid ounces of comestible substance in less than one minute are also provided.

Abstract: A system and associated method is used for warming an endoscope, laparoscope, or other such instrument to minimize fogging. The preferred embodiment comprises a pad for wrapping around an instrument, including a one or more substances operative to generate heat through an exothermic reaction; and an activation disc located around the periphery of the pad to provide for convenient user access. In the preferred embodiment, the activator is a mixture of water and sodium acetate, and the disc is made of perforated stainless steel. A housing contains the pad in sleeve form and an optional heat-conductive tube to receive the instrument around which the pad is wrapped. The pad may be partitioned.

Abstract: The present invention provides self-heating apparatuses and methods of heating using an aqueous solution and a solid chemical reactant mixture. The solid chemical reactant mixture may include magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and/or calcium oxide.

Abstract: To provide a foot warming heat generating body having excellent shape holding properties and capable of continuing the heat generation over a long period of time by using a heat generating composition having excellent shape holding properties and capable of causing the heat generation without necessity of the removal of water such as water absorption and dehydration by a substrate after molding. The foot warming heat generating body is characterized in that a heat generating composition molded body made of a heat generating composition which contains, as essential components, an exothermic substance, a carbon component, a reaction accelerator and water, has a water mobility value showing a surplus water content of from 0.

Abstract: A rechargeable, self-heating food container includes an inner chamber with a supersaturated salt solution and trigger means for initiating crystallization of the supersaturated salt solution. A rechargeable element for heating food includes a cylinder containing a supersaturated salt solution sealingly insertable into a food container, with a trigger in fluid contact with the supersaturated salt solution. A method of heating a food container includes providing a food container with an internal chamber, a supersaturated salt solution contained in the internal chamber, and a trigger to initiate crystal nucleation within the supersaturated salt solution in an exothermic reaction; and recharging by heating the food container until the salt crystals melt, and cooling the salt solution to a supersaturated state. A portable recharger for a rechargeable heating element includes an insulated sleeve with electric resistive heating element pluggable into an automobile or conventional ac outlet.

Abstract: Chemical heating using a first reactant, a second reactant and a complexing agent adapted to complex reversibly with the first reactant and, thereby moderate the reaction between the first and second reactants. The heating formula is particularly well suited for heaters that are used to heat materials having relatively high viscosities.

Abstract: A compressed air filtering cartridge includes a housing and a filter in the housing, the filter having a thermal vent. In one embodiment the filter includes a wall portion having a first condition when below a predetermined temperature range in which the wall portion blocks flow of air between opposite sides of the wall portion. The wall portion has a second condition when above the predetermined temperature range in which the wall portion does not block flow of air between opposite sides of the wall portion. The cartridge may be part of a compressed air system, between a compressor and an air dryer.

Abstract: A sterile, self-contained, disposable apparatus used for heating and applying solution to the distal end of endoscopes as well as an endoscopic lens protector. The heating mechanism is chemical, electrical or a combination of both. Further the apparatus serves as a self sealing container for the storage and application of anti-fog solution. By placing the apparatus over the distal scope prior to surgery, the scope is protected from damage from other instruments or trays. At the same time the distal lens is submerged in the warm anti-fog solution and it is uniformly and completely coated. Heat is transferred to the instrument from the solution in one example to act as an important and additional measure to prevent fogging of the lens. By heating the solution and the instrument, the drastic temperature difference between the interior of the body (98.6) and the instrument is eliminated. This inhibits the condensation of moisture, which always occurs upon inserting the cool scope inside the warm body.

Abstract: A container comprises a container body for containing contents to be heated or cooled, a thermic module at one end of the body, and a closure at the other end of the body. Within the thermic module, an internal exothermic (or, alternatively, endothermic) chemical reaction is initiated to heat its contents when a user actuates the thermic module. The thermic module includes a heat exchanger portion extending proximally into the container and a thermic module cap distal to the heat exchanger portion. The heat exchanger portion has a pleated wall to improve the heat transfer to the contents of the container. The container includes a rotatable cover adhered to the container end over the closure with heat-sensitive adhesive that prevents a user from accessing the contents until a certain temperature is reached. The container further includes a full panel pull-off which covers and protects the actuator from being actuated until the pull-of lid is removed from the full panel pull-off.

Abstract: An apparatus which is self-contained, disposable, and heated utilized for maintaining and heating sterile solutions during medical procedures. The heating mechanism is chemical, electrical or a combination of both. Further the apparatus serves as a self sealing container for the application of solution. Sterile solutions such as special surgical adhesives thrombolytic or temperature specific drugs can be repeatedly heated and used during medical procedures. The apparatus also serves as method to maintain solutions sterile and heated for long periods of time during medical procedures. Another purpose of the invention is to have the distill end of the scope uniformly and completely coated by submerging it into the solution within the apparatus. Heat is transferred from the solution to the instrument in one example to act as an additional measure to prevent fogging of the lens. This apparatus is ideal for operations where the instrument is used intermittently and repeatedly.

Abstract: Heat-exchanging devices for cooling or heating liquids in a bottle or can, which include in a first embodiment, an elongated cooling or heating tube having a tube bore filled with a refrigerant/heating fluid such as water and sealed at the top, with liquid flow openings provided in the tube, or in a tube connector attached to the tube above a tube seal. The tube or tube connector is fitted with a cap having internal threads for engaging the external threads of the bottle neck of the bottle into which the cooling tube is inserted. In second and third embodiments the insertable tube contains a pair of interconnected reservoirs containing liquids that will create an exothermic or endothermic reaction when mixed. A disc separating the liquids is ruptured by button action at the base of the tube to facilitate mixing of the liquids by gravity.

Abstract: A tray for selectably heating or cooling the contents of the tray comprises a container body having a material chamber for containing said contents. The tray is specifically configured to heat of cool solid, semi-solid or viscous materials. The container body is generally flat wherein the width of the container body is greater than its height. The container body has a first compartment for housing a thermic module and a second compartment for containing the contents to be heated or cooled. Within the thermic module, an internal exothermic (or, alternatively, endothermic) chemical reaction is initiated to heat (or cool) the contents when a user actuates the thermic module. The thermic module comprises two reactant chambers separated by a breakable barrier, an actuator, and a piercing member movable between a retracted position and an extended position in response to a force placed on a portion of the actuator.

Abstract: A semi-enclosed applicator (10) for distributing a substance onto a target surface is disclosed having a first side (24) having a first internal surface (32) and a first external surface (31); a second side (26) having a second internal surface (34) and a second external surface (33); an internal cavity (29) between the first and second internal surfaces that is externally accessible, and a temperature changing element. The flexible film pouch (30) contains a product located proximately to the first side (24).

Abstract: A self-heating container which comprises a container body having an internal beverage section and a thermic cavity. A liquid reactant is positioned in a first section of the thermic cavity and a solid reactant positioned in a second section of the thermic cavity. The solid reactant includes at least 70% by weight CaO and at least 5% by weight of a carbonate from the group consisting of MgCO3, CaCO3, SrCO3, BaCO3, and RaCO3.