Abstract: The invention relates to a cigarette filter. In particular, the present invention relates to a new cigarette filter, in which materials of natural origin are used that have not been applied in this special field before. More particularly, the present invention relates to a cigarette filter, which can be used for absorbing the toxic components of cigarette smoke, and lowering the tissue damage triggered by cigarette smoke on the respiratory organs, the cardiovascular system and the mucosa. Especially the present invention relates to a cigarette filter containing alginate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymer compositions comprising at least one basic additive, and processes comprising at least one process step to obtain the polymer composition or articles comprising the polymer composition. The polymer composition generally displays an enhanced biodegradability.

Abstract: A system and method for a fire-retardant insulation product are provided, along with a fire-retardant chemical formulation. An insulation product provided includes cellulose fibers and a fire-retardant chemical formulation. The fire-retardant includes calcium chloride.

Abstract: An exemplary smoking article including a smoking rod filled with a combination including tobacco filler material and cellulose filler material. The tobacco filler material and cellulose filler material can be arranged such that the constituent material particles are generally distributed throughout the smoking rod, the tobacco filler material at least partially surrounds the cellulose filler material along a length of the smoking rod, and/or the cellulose filler material particles have a higher concentration along a central axis of the smoking rod than the tobacco filler material particles.

Abstract: A tow band (TB) for use in a cigarette filter is a tow band in which a plurality of filaments (F) made of cellulose acetate fibers are bundled together and crimped. In the tow band, a filament denier is not less than 6.0 and not more than 11.0, a total denier is not less than 5,000 and not more than 15,000, and a Cv value of the number of crimps of the tow band is not more than 4%.

Abstract: A method for online measurement of a plasticizer in an endless filter rod, includes: measuring a resonance shift (A) and line broadening (B) with a microwave resonator at a passing endless filter rod, determining a mass per length of plasticizer from the measurement variables (A, B), measuring a reference mass of plasticizer applied per time with the application of the plasticizer onto the filter tow band, determining an averaged reference mass per length of plasticizer from the measured mass applied over a time period, averaging the values for mass per length of plasticizer, determined using the measurement variables over the same time in which the reference mass of plasticizer is determined, determining a deviation between the averaged reference value for the mass per length and averaged mass per length and correcting the mass per length, determined from the measurement variables of the microwave resonator, according to the determined deviation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improvements in filters for use in smoking articles such as cigarettes, cigars and cigarillos. The improvements, particularly but not exclusively, relate to filter capabilities and to the manufacture of such filters. In one example, a filter for a smoking article comprises a first fibrous filter material having an average fiber denier in the range 7 to 9 and a second fibrous filter material having an average fiber denier of below 7. The application also describes a filter for a smoking article comprising various other filter arrangements including absorbent and/or adsorbent materials.

Abstract: A fiber laminate includes a first fiber sheet containing first fibers, a second fiber sheet laminated on the first fiber sheet and containing second fibers, and an adhesive interposed between the first fiber sheet and the second fiber sheet. The adhesive is disposed to form a linear first region in the fiber laminate when viewed from a normal direction of a principal surface of the fiber laminate. The first fiber sheet and the second fiber sheet are adhered to each other via the first region. A gap is formed between the first fiber sheet and the second fiber sheet in a second region other than the first region.

Abstract: A filter manufacturing machine includes a feed path (7) configured to continuously feed a sheet material containing filter fibers and provided with a first plasticizer addition unit (9); a forming device (3) connected to a terminating end of the feed path (7) and configured to form the sheet material (6) into a hollow rod-shaped continuous filter body (11), the forming device including a tubular forming path for forming the sheet material (6) into the continuous filter body (11), a heat treating section for heating the sheet material, and a second plasticizer addition unit (14) arranged near the inlet of the tubular forming path; and a wrapping device (4) configured to receive the continuous filter body (11) delivered from the forming device (3) and wrap the continuous filter body in a wrapper to form a filter rod (19).

Abstract: A bloomed fiber material (bloomed tow) is manufactured through a process including: spreading a crimped tow in its width direction by a preliminary blooming device; performing primary blooming to bloom the tow by a primary blooming device; dividing the tow into at least two divided tows by a dividing device; cutting a parting between the divided tows by a cutting device; and performing secondary blooming to bloom the divided tows by a secondary blooming device.

Abstract: A filter material adapted for use as a filter element of a smoking article is provided, the filter material including at least one segment of fibrous tow having a plurality of degradable particles dispersed therein, the degradable particles comprising a starch material. Exemplary starch materials include naturally-occurring starch, hydroxyalkylated starch, starch esters, ionically modified starch, oxidized starch, hydrolyzed starch, plasticized starch, gelatinized starch, grafted starch, crosslinked starch, transglycosylated starch, starch ethers, and mixtures thereof, as well as blends of starch with other polymers. Filter elements and smoking articles, such as cigarettes, that contain the filter material are also provided. A method of preparing polymer fibers for use in filter elements is also provided, the method including adding the starch material to a fiber precursor solution prior to fiber extrusion or dry-blending the starch material with the polymer material to be formed into fibers.

Abstract: A filter manufacturing machine includes a forming device for forming filter tow into a hollow rod-shaped continuous filter body, a forming tube included in the forming device and having a tubular forming path through which the filter tow is passed while being brought together, a mandrel arranged in the forming tube and forming the tubular forming path in cooperation with the forming tube, and a heat treating section included in the forming tube and configured to heat the filter tow while the filter tow passes through the tubular forming path. The mandrel has a small-diameter portion located at the inlet of the forming tube, a large-diameter portion located at the outlet of the forming tube, and a diameter expansion portion located between the small- and large-diameter portions. The diameter expansion portion is located downstream of the heat treating section as viewed in the moving direction of the filter tow.

Abstract: A filter element for use in a smoking article and providing filtration of particulate material and gaseous components of mainstream smoke is provided. The filter element includes a segment of fibrous tow comprising a plurality of individual filaments, wherein each individual filament includes a plurality of adsorbent material particles at least partially encapsulated with a removable encapsulant imbedded therein. The individual filaments may further include an outer coating that provides a plurality of reactive groups adapted for reaction with one or more components of mainstream smoke. Alternatively, the multifunctional filter element combines different fibrous filter materials, such as cellulose acetate or polyolefin filaments combined with activated carbon filaments and at least one of ion exchange filaments and catalytic filaments.

Abstract: Smoking articles having reduced Hoffmann analytes contained in the mainstream smoke is disclosed. In one embodiment, an alginate composition is applied to a wrapper that is incorporated into a smoking article. The alginate composition causes a significant reduction in at least certain of the Hoffmann analytes that are generated when the smoking article is smoked. The alginate composition may be applied so as to cover a substantial portion of the surface area of the wrapper in one embodiment. In another embodiment, the alginate composition is applied as a single band to the paper wrapper so to cover a substantial portion of the distal end of the smoking article.

Abstract: A block, particularly for filtering particulates present in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, includes a plurality of flow channels for the gases (14e,14s), each of the channels (14e,14s) being bounded by a side wall (22), a plug (15e,15s) and an opening (19e,19s) terminating outwardly. The block according to the invention is remarkable in that a first portion (34) of the side wall (22) of at least one of the channels (14p,14p?), called the “reinforced channel”, includes a reinforcement compared to the rest of the side wall (22) forming a second portion (36) of the side wall (22), the ratio (R) of the thickness of the first portion (34) to the thickness of the second portion (36), in any transverse plane of section (P), being between 1.1 and 3.

Abstract: A tobacco filter which can easily produce a hand-rolled cigarette, can suppress excessive heat conduction to a smoker's lips, and can suppress spoiling of tobacco taste during smoking is provided. A tobacco filter for producing a hand-rolled cigarette by wrapping at least a portion thereof together with a smoking plant with a wrapping paper has an outer surface on which grooves are formed and a smoke channel. The tobacco filter is made of an incombustible material. A surface area of an outer surface of the tobacco filter is increased due to the formation of the grooves so that the tobacco filter can be efficiently cooled and the excessive heat conduction to a smoker's lips can be suppressed. In wrapping the tobacco filter with the wrapping paper, inward folding lines are formed on the wrapping paper by corner portions of the tobacco filter.

Abstract: A filter element incorporating an adsorbent material is provided. The filter element may comprise a first section of filter material and a second section of filter material spaced apart to form a compartment therebetween. The compartment may be filled with one or more adsorbents or the compartment may be divided into two regions, wherein one compartment region is filled with an adsorbent and the other compartment region is either filled with an ion-exchange resin or remains empty. The section of filter material adjacent to the tobacco rod may include one or more channels therethrough for passaging smoke directly from the tobacco rod into the adsorbent-filled compartment. The mouth end section of filter material may contain a breakable capsule, wherein the breakable capsule is filled with a flavoring agent capable of altering the taste characteristics of mainstream smoke.

Abstract: A process for making a crimped tow of filaments suitable for forming a bale of crimped tow for conversion to cigarette filter rods comprising, presenting an uncrimped tow of filaments in a banded condition, adhesively bonding to the filaments of the banded tow (3), porous particles having absorbent surfaces imparting filtration capacity for tobacco smoke constituents, and crimping the banded tow, wherein the process comprises the steps, of: (i) pre-treating the particles to load them with a material capable of generating a gaseous emission from the particles thus forming pre-treated particles; (ii) applying to the filaments of the banded tow, the pre-treated particles and an adhesive for bonding the particles to the filaments; and subsequently (iii) treating the tow to generate the gaseous emission from the pre-treated particles so as to limit deactivation of the absorbent particle surfaces by the adhesive.

Abstract: A smoking cessation device is provided. The smoking cessation device includes a dispensing member comprising porous plastic defining a matrix of an internal network of passages in communication with pores on the exterior of the device. The device is preferably sized and structured like a cigarette or other combustible smoking device. Residing within the matrix is a dispensate extractable therefrom upon exposure to a fluid. In one form the dispensate may be a tobacco derivative including one or more of nicotine, tobacco flavoring, menthol, vitamins, minerals, therapeutic agents, and/or additional flavoring.

Abstract: A surface-modified adsorbent and a process for making a surface-modified adsorbent are provided. The process involves providing an adsorbent and a non-volatile organic compound to a vessel, adjusting the temperature and/or pressure to provide supercritical conditions for a supercritical fluid, and introducing the supercritical fluid into the vessel. The supercritical fluid dissolves the non-volatile organic compound, and impregnates the adsorbent with the non-volatile organic compound. The surface-modified adsorbent can be used, for example, in cut filler compositions, cigarette filters, and smoking articles. Methods for making cigarette filters, cigarettes and for smoking a cigarette comprising the surface-modified adsorbent are also provided. The surface-modified adsorbents can be used to remove one or more selected components from mainstream smoke, without removing other components, such as those that contribute to flavor.

Abstract: A filter element suitable for use as a cigarette filter includes at least one section of fibrous tow comprising at least one plasticizer, the plasticizer including a citric acid ester, such as triethyl citrate, present in an amount of no more than about 15 weight percent based on the total weight of the filter material, and an adsorbent material, such as a granular carbonaceous material. One exemplary filter element has two or more sections of cellulose acetate tow comprising triethyl citrate in an amount of no more than about 12 weight percent based on the total weight of the filter material, and a granular carbonaceous material dispersed within at least one section of cellulose acetate tow. Cigarettes incorporating the filter element and methods of extending shelf-life of cigarettes including an adsorbent material are also provided.

Abstract: A cigarette filter includes a multiple section filter which reduces the level of predetermined smoke constituents. The filter includes a fibrous filter plug section, a selective adsorbent section, and a general adsorbent section co-axially aligned in tandem. The selective adsorbent section includes a selective absorbent material which is a phenol-formaldehyde resin matrix surface-functionalized with mainly primary and secondary amine functional groups which removes specific smoke constituents from the tobacco smoke. The general adsorbent section is a material capable of adsorbing a range of chemical compounds without a high degree of specificity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high performance cigarette filter on the basis of cellulose ester fibers or filaments which can be mechanically disintegrated. The inventive high-performance cigarette filter is characterized in that a) the fiber weight (or filament weight)/draw resistance ratio S based on the filament titer is greater than approximately 0.7, the S value being calculated according to the formula S=(mA/&Dgr;P7.8/dpf[10 m/daPA], wherein mA refers to the fiber weight, &Dgr;P refers to the draw resistance and dpf represents the filament titer and for the draw resistance the value calculated for a diameter of 7.8 mm is inserted, b) the residual crimping value of the filter material does not exceed the value 1.45, c) the fiber weight amounts to maximally 10 mg/mm of the filter length, and d) the hardness of the cigarette filter is higher than approximately 90% filtrona hardness.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to the tobacco industry and may be used in the production of smokers' articles that include a mouthpiece and consist of a new product that conjugates the functional properties and qualities of cigarettes with a cardboard mouthpiece and of filter cigarettes. To this end, this smokers' article comprises a tobacco rod wrapped in a separate sleeve of cigarette paper as well as a flexible and elongated mouthpiece which is connected to said rod and has the size of a cardboard mouthpiece. The mouthpiece is made of a pressed fibrous material and includes a filter member, which is arranged on the tobacco rod side, which is integral with the tubular portion of the mouthpiece and which is made in the shape of a continuous cylinder having a diameter equal to that of the mouthpiece tubular portion. The tobacco rod is connected to the mouthpiece by a paper ring.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cigarette filter that includes a multiple section filter which reduces the level of predetermined smoke constituents. The filter consists of a fibrous filter plug located at the mouth-end of the cigarette, a section containing a selective adsorbent material, and a section containing a general adsorbent material. The selective adsorbent material, such as a phenol-formaldehyde resin matrix surface-functionalized with mainly primary and secondary amine functional groups, removes specific smoke constituents from the tobacco smoke. The general adsorbent material, such as activated charcoal, is preferably capable of adsorbing a range of chemical compounds without a high degree of specificity. Structurally, the fibrous filter plug, the selective adsorbent section, and the general adsorbent section are in tandem and are circumscribed with a plug wrap.

Abstract: A tobacco smoke filter comprising a porous substrate comprising dry water and a porphyrin dispersed therein. The porous substrate can further comprise microcapsules. The microcapsules can comprise one or more substances selected from the group consisting of chlorophyllin, methylcellulose, sodium pyroglutamate and a vegetable oil. The porous substrate can further comprise sodium pyroglutamate.

Abstract: A cigarette filter, process to manufacture, wherein a low application temperature ethylene copolymer based hot melt adhesive is applied to porous and/or nonporous plugwrap paper. As used herein, low application temperatures are temperature between 200° F. and 300° F. (93° C. and 149° C.), preferably, 240° F. to 275° F. (115° C. to 135° C.).

Abstract: A description is given of a filter cigarette, whose filtera) contains fibrous filter material,b) contains an additive with an antimutagenic action on the cigarette smoke in a quantity of less than 15 wt. %, based on the fiber weight of the filter andc) on smoking a similar unventilated filter cigarette, but not containing additive, has a nicotine retention R.sub.N (in %) (determined according to CORESTA recommended method No. 9) satisfying the following formula:R.sub.N .gtoreq.100*(1-D)in which:D=exp(A*B+C),withA=21 mm-filter length (mm) for filter lengths.ltoreq.25 mm orA=-4 mm for filter lengths>25 mm,B=9.3*10.sup.-3 (1/mm) andC=-(d.sup.4 *.DELTA.p*K+L)with d=filter diameter (mm),.DELTA.p=draw resistance of filter (mm hydraulic pressure),K=1.0228*10.sup.-6 (1/(mm.sup.4 *mm hydraulic pressure)) andL=0.2334.

Abstract: Bicomponent fibers comprising a core of a thermoplastic material, preferably polypropylene, and a sheath of a blend of the core-forming polymer and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are used to produce tobacco smoke filter elements which may be incorporated into tobacco smoke filter products such as filtered cigarettes. The addition of significant quantities of the core-forming material to the ethylene-vinyl acetate used to form the sheath avoids problems experienced heretofore in build-up of polymer in the forming dies using conventional filter-forming equipment. Additionally, the blended sheath-forming polymer improves adhesion between the sheath and the core of the bicomponent fiber and, with the use of polypropylene, improves the hardness of the resultant tobacco smoke filter elements.

Abstract: A tobacco filter with a circumferential length of 17 to 27 mm is prepared by creping or embossing, with a roller of a temperature not lower than 100.degree. C., a sheet-like material comprising not less than 20% by weight of a cellulose ester component and having a web structure with a basis weight of 20 to 35 g/m.sup.2 and a density of 0.25 to 0.45 g/cm.sup.3, and wrapping up the creped or embossed material into a rod form. The cellulose ester component includes e.g. a cellulose ester short staple, a fibrillated fiber, an esterified fiber and a fiber coated with a cellulose ester. This tobacco filter shows a pressure drop of 200 to 500 mm WG, a firmness of 88% or more and a cross-sectional porosity of 2% or less provided that it has a circumferential length of 24.5 mm and a length of 10 cm.

Abstract: Using a slurry containing a particulate or fibrous cellulose ester and a wood pulp with a Canadian standard freeness of 100 to 800 ml in a ratio of 10/90 to 90/10 (weight %), a tobacco filter material in the form of a sheet having a nonwoven web structure is produced. The slurry may contain a microfibrillated cellulose in a proportion of 0.1 to 10 weight % on a nonvolatile matter basis. The cellulose ester may be a cellulose acetate with a combined acetic acid in the range of 30 to 62%. This tobacco filter material in a sheet form can be applied to a tobacco filter having a high dry strength and, yet, a high degree of wet disintegratability without adversely affecting the smoking quality of tobacco. Thus, the potential environmental pollution is mitigated by the tobacco filter.

Abstract: A bundle of cellulose acetate fibers is bonded together with a water-soluble fiber-to-fiber bonding agent. The water-soluble fiber-to-fiber bonding agent may include 60-99 wt. % of a water-soluble binder and 40-1 wt. % of a plasticizer. As to the specific components, the water-soluble fiber-to-fiber bonding agent may be a mixture of a water-soluble polymer and glycerol triacetate. The bonded fibers are wrapped in a paper having opposing ends secured together with a water-soluble plug wrap adhesive. A plurality of cuts are made to extend more than one half way through the bundle wrapped fibers. The plurality of cuts may extend more than one half way through the bundle without extending completely through the bundle and may extend from a plurality of different directions.

Abstract: A filter rod is produced by adding a water-soluble polymer in the form of an aqueous solution or dispersion, or in a particulate form, to a tow of cellulose ester fiber, with the amount of any water used being controlled within 25 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the tow, and wrapping the treated tow in wrapping paper. The water contained in the filter rod is removed or the particulate water-soluble polymer is melted by heating to bond the fiber to provide a tobacco filter. The proportion of the water-soluble polymer is 0.5 to 30 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the tow. To reduce the amount of water relative to the tow, a hot-melt adhesive water-soluble polymer may be employed. As the amount of water added to the tow is thus decreased, the tow can be smoothly wrapped up even at a high speed so that filter productivity is improved. This tobacco filter is highly wet-disintegratable and, hence, contributes to mitigation of the environmental pollution.

Abstract: A tobacco filter material containing fibers which have a core and a surface layer which surrounds the core, wherein the core comprises a non-esterified cellulose and the surface layer comprises a cellulose ester. The fiber may be (A) a cellulose fiber coated with a cellulose ester or (B) a fibrous cellulose derivative with its surface layer esterified by an organic acid and having an average degree of substitution of not more than 1.5. Wood pulp can be used as the cellulose fiber and the amount of the cellulose ester in the coated cellulose (A) is 0.1% by weight or more. The cellulose derivative (B) has its surface layer esterified with an organic acid and retains a non-esterified core portion. This cellulose derivative may be obtained, for example, by the non-catalytic liquid phase treatment of a cellulose fiber with an organic acid and an organic acid anhydride or halide.

Abstract: A tobacco filter with a circumferential length of 17 to 27 mm is prepared by creping or embossing, with a roller of a temperature not lower than 100.degree. C., a sheet-like material comprising not less than 20% by weight of a cellulose ester component and having a web structure with a basis weight of 20 to 35 g/m.sup.2 and a density of 0.25 to 0.45 g/cm.sup.3, and wrapping up the creped or embossed material into a rod form. The cellulose ester component includes e.g. a cellulose ester short staple, a fibrillated fiber, an esterified fiber and a fiber coated with a cellulose ester. This tobacco filter shows a pressure drop of 200 to 500 mm WG, a firmness of 88% or more and a cross-sectional porosity of 2% or less provided that it has a circumferential length of 24.5 mm and a length of 10 cm.

Abstract: A filter rod is produced by adding a water-soluble polymer in the form of an aqueous solution or dispersion, or in a particulate form, to a tow of cellulose ester fiber, with the amount of any water used being controlled within 25 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the tow, and wrapping the treated tow in wrapping paper. The water contained in the filter rod is removed or the particulate water-soluble polymer is melted by heating to bond the fiber to provide a tobacco filter. The proportion of the water-soluble polymer is 0.5 to 30 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the tow. To reduce the amount of water relative to the tow, a hot-melt adhesive water-soluble polymer may be employed. As the amount of water added to the tow is thus decreased, the tow can be smoothly wrapped up even at a high speed so that filter productivity is improved. This tobacco filter is highly wet-disintegratable and, hence, contributes to mitigation of the environmental pollution.

Abstract: A tobacco filter is obtained by shaping a sheet material having a web structure and comprising (1) cellulose acetate or other cellulose ester short staple, and (2) a binder fiber selected from polysaccharides or their derivatives and biodegradable polymers, and having a binding property with respect to the short staple into a rod-form. The fiber (2) includes (2a) an esterified cellulose fiber, (2b) a cellulose fiber coated with a cellulose ester, (2c) a fibrillated cellulose ester fiber having a BET specific surface area of 0.5 to 4.5 m.sup.2 /g, and (2d) a cellulose fiber at least a part of its surface has been water-solubilized. The sheet material may further comprise a wood pulp or other beaten pulps.

Abstract: A filter for a cigarette is provided with a filter which includes a tacky substance which increases the filters ability to absorb particles of ash, debris and the like, thus preventing them from reaching the user. The filter may employ a heat-sensitive resinous substance such as an acrylic, butadiene styrene or the like, which will remain tacky during storage and which will assist in removing harmful particulate matter during smoking.

Abstract: A filter tow from cellulose acetate filaments and/or staple fibers is described on the surface of which an additive from cellulose chain-splitting enzymes is present, at least the surface of the filaments and staple fibers consisting of a cellulose acetate having an acetyl number of less than 53%, preferably less than 49%. The method for the production of such a filter tow comprises spinning cellulose acetate filaments from a solution in acetone, of cellulose acetate of an acetyl number of at least 53% if necessary, cutting the filaments to staple fibers, gathering the filaments and/or staple fibers to a filter tow and applying an additive, the filaments and staple fibers being hydrolyzed and as additive one of cellulose chain-splitting enzymes is used. There are described also a tobacco smoke filter element from such a filter tow and a method for its production.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stabilized substrate composition for smoking articles, particularly cigarettes. In general, the stabilized substrate composition comprises an admixture of a binder and an aerosol forming material which plasticizes the binder, together with optional fillers and/or base materials. In the stabilized substrate compositions of the present invention the relative amounts of binder and aerosol former depend particularly on the situation in which the substrate composition is used. In general, the ratio of aerosol former to binder is between about 3:1 and about 40:1. When the stabilized composition is used on a base material such as tobacco cut filler, the ratio of aerosol former to binder should be at least about 15:1, and preferably is from about 25-35:1, with a maximum ratio of about 40:1. If the composition is formed into a cast sheet, the minimum ratio is about 3:1, the preferred ratio is about 8:1, and the maximum ratio is about 10:1.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stabilized substrate composition for smoking articles, particularly cigarettes. In general, the stabilized substrate composition comprises an admixture of a binder and an aerosol forming material which plasticizes the binder, together with optional fillers and/or base materials. In the stabilized substrate compositions of the present invention the relative amounts of binder and aerosol former depend particularly on the situation in which the substrate composition is used. In general, the ratio of aerosol former to binder is between about 3:1 and about 40:1. When the stabilized composition is used on a base material such as tobacco cut filler, the ratio of aerosol former to binder should be at least about 15:1, and preferably is from about 25-35:1, with a maximum ratio of about 40:1. If the composition is formed into a cast sheet, the minimum ratio is about 3:1, the preferred ratio is about 8:1, and the maximum ratio is about 10:1.

Abstract: Disclosed are articles, such as smoke filters, which contain fibers that have complex geometry in combination with tobacco smoke modifying agents such as flavorants. The fibers are preferably made of a polyester such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) and preferably are capable of spontaneously transporting water or n-decane on their surfaces. The articles of the invention result in improved delivery of the tobacco smoke modifying agent to the user.

Abstract: A cigarette comprises a blend of tobacco materials and a filter element provided from a non-woven thermoplastic material. The non-woven material comprises polyester or polypropylene fibers. The non-woven material is in intimate contact with an acidic material (e.g., phosphoric acid) or a basic material (e.g., sodium hydroxide).

Abstract: A continuous rod-like filler of tobacco or filter material for tobacco smoke and a continuous web of cigarette paper or other wrapping material are advanced at a plurality of different speeds toward and into a wrapping mechanism wherein the web is draped around the filler to form therewith a continuous tobacco rod or filter rod wherein the marginal portions of the draped web overlie each other to form an elongated seam. One marginal portion of the advancing web is coated by an adjustable paster with a variable quantity of adhesive which bonds the overlying marginal portions of the draped web to each other. The quantity of applied adhesive is varied in dependency upon the speed of advancement of the web in such a way that the quantity of applied adhesive is increased when the speed of the web is reduced and that the quantity of applied adhesive is decreased in response to increasing speed of the web. Such quantity can remain constant when the speed of the web reaches a nominal value.

Abstract: The use of adhesive mixtures containing--per 100 parts by weight water--40 to 120 parts gum arabic, 3 to 80 parts by weight water soluble starch degradation products and/or carboxymethyl starch and/or gelatinized starch and, optionally, typical preservatives in aqueous solution and having a Brookfield (RVT) viscosity at 20.degree. C. in the range from 1,000 to 15,000 and more especially in the range from 1,700 to 5,000 for glueing the longitudinal seam of cigarette tubes by machine, produces excellent glueing strength.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel process of preparing tobacco smoke filter material, wherein an acidic compound such as citric acid is dissolved in a cellulose acetate spinning solution prior to spinning the filaments of the filter material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel tobacco smoke filter material comprising a filter element such as cellulose acetate crimped tow having at least about 1 weight percent of micro acicular crystals of a compound such as sodium carbonate present on the surfaces of the filter element. Also disclosed is a process for preparation of such tobacco smoke filter material comprising immersing the filter element in a solution of the compound capable of forming the micro acicular crystals, followed by removing the filter element from the solution and removing residual liquid, thereby forming the novel tobacco smoke filter material.

Abstract: A cigarette comprises a blend of tobacco materials and a filter element provided from a non-woven thermoplastic material. The non-woven material comprises polyester or polypropylene fibers. The non-woven material is in intimate contact with a water soluble tobacco extract and a further material for altering the character of mainstream smoke which passes through the filter element. The tobacco extract can be a spray dried extract which has been subjected to heat treatment. The further material can be an acid (e.g., levulinic acid), a base (e.g., sodium hydroxide) or a salt (e.g., diammonium hydrogen orthophosphate).

Abstract: Fibers of tobacco smoke filters which have been impregnated with dicarboxylic or polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof can be obtained by dissolving anhydrides of dicarboxylic or polycarboxylic acids in volatile or physiologically acceptable organic solvents and applying them to the fibers and, if appropriate, hydrolyzing them with water.

Abstract: A nonwoven fibrous web material that contains cellulose ester fibers, cellulose ester fibrets and a minor amount of activated fusible fibers uniformly dispersed throughout is particularly well suited as a filter media. The activated fusible fibers are effective for retaining within the filter web any particulate material resulting from corrugation without adversely affecting the filtration efficiency of the cellulose ester fibers and fibrets. Alternatively, the fibrous web material may include an effective amount of natural cellulosic fibers.